{"id":11684,"date":"2023-05-23T15:10:12","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T15:10:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11684"},"modified":"2023-05-23T15:10:12","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T15:10:12","slug":"hominin-scavenging-in-the-late-early-pleistocene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/paleoanthropology\/hominin-scavenging-in-the-late-early-pleistocene\/","title":{"rendered":"A k\u00e9s\u0151i-kora pleisztoc\u00e9n hominin hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s: Egy viselked\u00e9si adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A k\u00e9s\u0151i-kora pleisztoc\u00e9n hominin hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s: Egy viselked\u00e9si adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A korai emberi \u00e9trend \u00e9s a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s szerepe<\/h2>\n\n<p>Hominin \u0151seink milli\u00f3 \u00e9vekig v\u00e1ltozatos \u00e9trenden \u00e9ltek, ami mag\u00e1ban foglalta a vad\u00e1szatot \u00e9s a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9st is. A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s, vagyis m\u00e1s ragadoz\u00f3k \u00e1ltal elejtett \u00e1llatok maradv\u00e1nyainak elfogyaszt\u00e1sa, val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg l\u00e9tfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa t\u00fal\u00e9l\u00e9si strat\u00e9gia volt, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen azokban az id\u0151szakokban, amikor a vad\u00e1szat kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 volt sikeres.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s sikeress\u00e9g\u00e9nek modellez\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n<p>A sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes szimul\u00e1ci\u00f3kat alkalmaz\u00f3 k\u00f6zelm\u00faltbeli kutat\u00e1sok azt vizsg\u00e1lt\u00e1k, hogy a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s sikeres strat\u00e9gia-e a korai emberek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A tanulm\u00e1ny a k\u00e9s\u0151i-kora pleisztoc\u00e9n korszakra \u00f6sszpontos\u00edtott, k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 1,2 milli\u00f3t\u00f3l 800 000 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151ttig, D\u00e9l-Eur\u00f3pa Ib\u00e9riai-f\u00e9lsziget\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n<p>A kutat\u00f3k a homininok \u00e9s az \u00f3ri\u00e1s hi\u00e9n\u00e1k, egy f\u00e9lelmetes hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u0151 faj k\u00f6z\u00f6tti energiabevitelt \u00e9s versenyt modellezt\u00e9k. Meg\u00e1llap\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s akkor volt a legsikeresebb, amikor:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A ragadoz\u00f3k s\u0171r\u0171s\u00e9ge magas volt, ami t\u00f6bb rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00f3 tetemet eredm\u00e9nyezett<\/li>\n<li>A homininok legal\u00e1bb \u00f6t egyedb\u0151l \u00e1ll\u00f3 csoportokban m\u0171k\u00f6dtek egy\u00fctt, hogy megv\u00e9dj\u00e9k magukat a konkurensekt\u0151l<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A t\u00e1rsadalmi egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s fontoss\u00e1ga<\/h2>\n\n<p>A szimul\u00e1ci\u00f3k kiemelt\u00e9k a t\u00e1rsadalmi egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s d\u00f6nt\u0151 szerep\u00e9t a hominin hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s siker\u00e9ben. Az \u00f6t vagy t\u00f6bb egyedb\u0151l \u00e1ll\u00f3 csoportok k\u00e9pesek voltak el\u0171zni az egyed\u00fcl\u00e1ll\u00f3 \u00f3ri\u00e1s hi\u00e9n\u00e1kat, \u00e9s biztos\u00edtani maguknak a rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00f3 tetemek nagyobb r\u00e9sz\u00e9t. Ez azt sugallja, hogy a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rulhatott a korai emberek t\u00e1rsadalmi szervezet\u00e9nek kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s, mint kognit\u00edv \u00e9s viselked\u00e9si kih\u00edv\u00e1s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9sr\u0151l, mint egyszer\u0171 viselked\u00e9sr\u0151l alkotott \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos felfog\u00e1ssal ellent\u00e9tben a tanulm\u00e1ny azt sugallja, hogy kifinomult kognit\u00edv \u00e9s viselked\u00e9si k\u00e9pess\u00e9geket ig\u00e9nyelt. A homininoknak sz\u00fcks\u00e9g\u00fck volt:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s kock\u00e1zatainak \u00e9s el\u0151nyeinek felm\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re<\/li>\n<li>Cselekedeteik kommunik\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s \u00f6sszehangol\u00e1s\u00e1ra<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e9d\u00e1juk megv\u00e9d\u00e9s\u00e9re a konkurensekt\u0151l<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s szerep\u00e9nek \u00e1t\u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9se az emberi t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelemben<\/h2>\n\n<p>A kutat\u00e1s kih\u00edv\u00e1st jelent a hagyom\u00e1nyos n\u00e9zettel szemben, miszerint a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 fejlett viselked\u00e9s, mint a vad\u00e1szat. Azt mutatja be, hogy a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s jelent\u0151s t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e9kforr\u00e1st jelenthetett a korai emberek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen az fejlett vad\u00e1szfegyverek kifejleszt\u00e9se el\u0151tt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implik\u00e1ci\u00f3k az emberi evol\u00faci\u00f3ra<\/h2>\n\n<p>A tanulm\u00e1nynak sz\u00e1mos k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nye van az emberi evol\u00faci\u00f3 meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9re:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s d\u00f6nt\u0151 szerepet j\u00e1tszhatott a korai emberek t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si \u00e9s viselked\u00e9si adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1ban.<\/li>\n<li>A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s sor\u00e1n val\u00f3 egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s sz\u00fcks\u00e9gess\u00e9ge el\u0151seg\u00edthette a t\u00e1rsadalmi szervez\u0151d\u00e9s \u00e9s a kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3s k\u00e9szs\u00e9gek fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/li>\n<li>A m\u00e1s ragadoz\u00f3k \u00e1ltal otthagyott tetemek kihaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge versenyel\u0151nyt ny\u00fajthatott a homininoknak a zord k\u00f6rnyezetben.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 kutat\u00e1sok \u00e9s j\u00f6v\u0151beli ir\u00e1nyok<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u00e1r a tanulm\u00e1ny \u00e9rt\u00e9kes betekint\u00e9st ny\u00fajt a hominin hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u0151 viselked\u00e9s\u00e9be, tov\u00e1bbi kutat\u00e1sokra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k felt\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1hoz:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A homininok \u00e1ltal alkalmazott t\u00e1rsadalmi dinamika \u00e9s kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3s strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s sor\u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>A k\u00f6rnyezeti t\u00e9nyez\u0151k, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az \u00e9ghajlat \u00e9s a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyzet hat\u00e1sa a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s siker\u00e9re<\/li>\n<li>A hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s szerepe a korai homininokt\u00f3l a modern emberekig tart\u00f3 \u00e1tmenetben<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>A hominin hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s t\u00f6bboldal\u00fa term\u00e9szet\u00e9nek tov\u00e1bbi vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1val m\u00e9lyebb betekint\u00e9st nyerhet\u00fcnk azokba a komplex viselked\u00e9si \u00e9s kognit\u00edv adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3kba, amelyek alak\u00edtott\u00e1k evol\u00faci\u00f3s utunkat.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A k\u00e9s\u0151i-kora pleisztoc\u00e9n hominin hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s: Egy viselked\u00e9si adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3 A korai emberi \u00e9trend \u00e9s a hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u00e9s szerepe Hominin \u0151seink milli\u00f3 \u00e9vekig v\u00e1ltozatos \u00e9trenden \u00e9ltek, ami mag\u00e1ban foglalta a vad\u00e1szatot \u00e9s a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15800],"tags":[487,15796,15797,2097,15799,15798],"class_list":["post-11684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleoanthropology","tag-human-evolution","tag-hominin-scavenging","tag-late-early-pleistocene","tag-cognitive-abilities","tag-social-cooperation","tag-behavioral-adaptations"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11684"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11684\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11685,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11684\/revisions\/11685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}