{"id":12674,"date":"2024-10-27T23:12:18","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T23:12:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12674"},"modified":"2024-10-27T23:12:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-27T23:12:18","slug":"oklahoma-earthquakes-linked-to-oil-and-gas-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/earth-sciences\/oklahoma-earthquakes-linked-to-oil-and-gas-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Oklahoma f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sei: \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sbe hozhat\u00f3k a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zkitermel\u00e9ssel?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Oklahoma f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sei \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sbe hozhat\u00f3k a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z kitermel\u00e9ssel<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9ses aktivit\u00e1s k\u00f6zelm\u00faltbeli fell\u00e1ngol\u00e1sa<\/h3>\n\n<p>Oklahoma az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vekben jelent\u0151s n\u00f6veked\u00e9st tapasztalt a f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9ses aktivit\u00e1sban. 2014-ben az \u00e1llam 145, 3,0-s vagy ann\u00e1l nagyobb er\u0151ss\u00e9g\u0171 f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9st jegyzett fel, ami a valaha feljegyzett legmagasabb sz\u00e1m. A tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g ezen fell\u00e1ngol\u00e1sa r\u00e9szben a szennyv\u00edzbefecskendez\u00e9snek tudhat\u00f3 be, amely a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zkitermel\u00e9sben haszn\u00e1latos folyamat.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Szennyv\u00edzbefecskendez\u00e9s \u00e9s induk\u00e1lt szeizmicit\u00e1s<\/h3>\n\n<p>A szennyv\u00edzbefecskendez\u00e9s mag\u00e1ban foglalja a szennyv\u00edz szivatty\u00faz\u00e1s\u00e1t a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zm\u0171veletekb\u0151l a f\u00f6ldalatti kutakba. Ez a nagy nyom\u00e1s\u00fa v\u00edz megn\u00f6velheti a k\u00f6rnyez\u0151 k\u0151zetben a nyom\u00e1st, ami a m\u00e1r megl\u00e9v\u0151 t\u00f6r\u00e9sek elcs\u00fasz\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek kiv\u00e1lt\u00e1s\u00e1t okozhatja.<\/p>\n\n<p>Az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok Geol\u00f3giai Szolg\u00e1lata (USGS) \u00e9s az Oklahoma Geol\u00f3giai Szolg\u00e1lat meg\u00e1llap\u00edtotta, hogy a szennyv\u00edzbefecskendez\u00e9s n\u00f6velte a nagy f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek kock\u00e1zat\u00e1t Oklahom\u00e1ban. Az \u00e1llamban valaha feljegyzett legnagyobb f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9s, egy 5,6-os er\u0151ss\u00e9g\u0171 2011-es esem\u00e9ny \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sbe hozhat\u00f3 a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zm\u0171veletekkel.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fokozott f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9ses aktivit\u00e1s \u00e9s j\u00f6v\u0151beni kock\u00e1zat<\/h3>\n\n<p>Az Oklahoma n\u00f6vekv\u0151 f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9ses aktivit\u00e1sa aggodalmakat vetett fel a j\u00f6v\u0151beni nagy f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9vel kapcsolatban. Az USGS becsl\u00e9sei szerint egy 6,0-s vagy ann\u00e1l nagyobb er\u0151ss\u00e9g\u0171 f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9s val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ge Oklahoma 2008 \u00f3ta hatszoros\u00e1ra n\u0151tt.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zkitermel\u00e9s m\u00e1s r\u00e9gi\u00f3kban<\/h3>\n\n<p>Oklahoma nem az egyetlen olyan r\u00e9gi\u00f3, amelyet a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1ztermel\u00e9shez kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek \u00e9rintenek. Hasonl\u00f3 \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9seket figyeltek meg Ohioban, Texasban, Brit Kolumbi\u00e1ban \u00e9s m\u00e1s ter\u00fcleteken is.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A kock\u00e1zat cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9se<\/h3>\n\n<p>A kutat\u00f3k azon dolgoznak, hogy kidolgozz\u00e1k a szennyv\u00edzbefecskendez\u00e9sb\u0151l ered\u0151 induk\u00e1lt szeizmicit\u00e1s kock\u00e1zat\u00e1nak cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 m\u00f3dszereket. Az egyik megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s a f\u00f6ldalatti kutakba befecskendezett szennyv\u00edz mennyis\u00e9g\u00e9nek cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9se. Egy m\u00e1sik strat\u00e9gia a szennyv\u00edzelhelyez\u00e9s alternat\u00edv m\u00f3dszereinek haszn\u00e1lata, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a felsz\u00edni befecskendez\u00e9s vagy az \u00fajrahasznos\u00edt\u00e1s.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Folyamatos megfigyel\u00e9s \u00e9s kutat\u00e1s<\/h3>\n\n<p>Az USGS \u00e9s m\u00e1s \u00fcgyn\u00f6ks\u00e9gek tov\u00e1bbra is figyelemmel k\u00eds\u00e9rik a f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9ses tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9get Oklahom\u00e1ban \u00e9s a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zkitermel\u00e9s \u00e1ltal \u00e9rintett m\u00e1s ter\u00fcleteken. Folyamatos kutat\u00e1sokat is v\u00e9geznek az induk\u00e1lt szeizmicit\u00e1s okait \u00e9s kock\u00e1zatait jobban meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/natural-hazards\/earthquake-hazards\/induced-seismicity\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">USGS: Induk\u00e1lt szeizmicit\u00e1s<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ogs.ou.edu\/earthquakes\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Oklahoma Geol\u00f3giai Szolg\u00e1lat: F\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/science\/article\/oklahoma-earthquakes-linked-oil-gas-wastewater\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">National Geographic: Oklahoma f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9seit \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sbe hozt\u00e1k a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z-szennyv\u00edzzel<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oklahoma f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sei \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sbe hozhat\u00f3k a k\u0151olaj- \u00e9s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z kitermel\u00e9ssel A f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9ses aktivit\u00e1s k\u00f6zelm\u00faltbeli fell\u00e1ngol\u00e1sa Oklahoma az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vekben jelent\u0151s n\u00f6veked\u00e9st tapasztalt a f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9ses aktivit\u00e1sban. 2014-ben az \u00e1llam 145, 3,0-s vagy&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24733,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[728],"tags":[4866,17111,17109,17112,17113,6948,17110],"class_list":["post-12674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-earth-sciences","tag-earthquakes","tag-induced-seismicity","tag-oil-and-gas","tag-oklahoma","tag-oklahoma-geological-survey","tag-usgs","tag-wastewater-injection"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12674"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24734,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12674\/revisions\/24734"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}