{"id":12964,"date":"2020-05-24T12:46:26","date_gmt":"2020-05-24T12:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12964"},"modified":"2020-05-24T12:46:26","modified_gmt":"2020-05-24T12:46:26","slug":"underground-climate-change-threatens-urban-infrastructure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/environmental-science\/underground-climate-change-threatens-urban-infrastructure\/","title":{"rendered":"A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s: A v\u00e1rosi infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1ra leselked\u0151 alattomos vesz\u00e9ly"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s: A v\u00e1rosi infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1t fenyeget\u0151 csendes vesz\u00e9ly<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mi az a felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s, m\u00e1s n\u00e9ven &#8220;felsz\u00edn alatti h\u0151 szigetek&#8221;, akkor k\u00f6vetkezik be, amikor az ember alkotta szerkezetekb\u0151l, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u00e9p\u00fcletekb\u0151l \u00e9s f\u00f6ldalatti k\u00f6zleked\u00e9si rendszerekb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 h\u0151 a f\u00f6ldbe sug\u00e1rzik. Ez a jelens\u00e9g elt\u00e9r a l\u00e9gk\u00f6rben tapasztalhat\u00f3 \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1st\u00f3l, amelyet az \u00fcvegh\u00e1zhat\u00e1s\u00fa g\u00e1zok kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1sa okoz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hogyan befoly\u00e1solja a felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s Chicag\u00f3t?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A kutat\u00f3k felfedezt\u00e9k, hogy a felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s miatt a belv\u00e1rosi Chicago alatt l\u00e9v\u0151 talaj lassan s\u00fcllyed. Ahogy a talaj h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klete emelkedik, Chicago agyagos talaja \u00f6sszezsugorodik, ami potenci\u00e1lis reped\u00e9seket okozhat az \u00e9p\u00fcletek alapjaiban, s\u0151t a szerkezetek deform\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1t vagy eld\u0151l\u00e9s\u00e9t is.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A hat\u00e1s m\u00e9r\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n<p>A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s hat\u00e1s\u00e1nak felm\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re a kutat\u00f3k h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet-\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k h\u00e1l\u00f3zat\u00e1t telep\u00edtett\u00e9k a f\u00f6ld f\u00f6l\u00e9 \u00e9s al\u00e1 a chicag\u00f3i Loopban. Emellett egy modellt haszn\u00e1ltak az 1951 \u00f3ta bek\u00f6vetkezett h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet-v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok szimul\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s a j\u00f6v\u0151beli h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kletek el\u0151rejelz\u00e9s\u00e9re 2051-ig.<\/p>\n\n<p>Az eredm\u00e9nyek azt mutatt\u00e1k, hogy a v\u00e1ros alatti talaj h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klete \u00e9vente k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 0,25 Fahrenheit-fokkal emelkedik. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny f\u00f6ldalatti hely h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klete el\u00e9rte a 27 fokkal melegebbet az \u00e9rintetlen talajhoz k\u00e9pest, \u00e9s a Loopban l\u00e9v\u0151 \u00e9p\u00fcletek alatt a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet gyakran 18 fokkal magasabb, mint a Grant Park alatt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyek az infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1ra<\/h2>\n\n<p>A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben emelked\u0151 h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet jelent\u0151s kih\u00edv\u00e1sokat jelent a v\u00e1rosi infrastrukt\u00fara sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A melegebb h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet a talaj t\u00e1gul\u00e1s\u00e1t vagy \u00f6sszeh\u00faz\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1t okozhatja, ami a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151kh\u00f6z vezethet:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reped\u00e9sek az \u00e9p\u00fcletek alapjaiban<\/li>\n<li>Szerkezetek deform\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1sa vagy eld\u0151l\u00e9se<\/li>\n<li>A metr\u00f3s\u00ednek t\u00falmeleged\u00e9se, ami lass\u00edtja vagy le\u00e1ll\u00edtja a vonatk\u00f6zleked\u00e9st<\/li>\n<li>A talajvizek h\u0151terhel\u00e9se<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyek<\/h2>\n\n<p>A megn\u00f6vekedett felsz\u00edn alatti h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kletek k\u00e1ros eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi hat\u00e1sokkal is j\u00e1rhatnak, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kisz\u00e1rad\u00e1s<\/li>\n<li>Asztma<\/li>\n<li>Magas v\u00e9rnyom\u00e1s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enyh\u00edt\u00e9si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k<\/h2>\n\n<p>A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s hat\u00e1sainak enyh\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re a v\u00e1rosok olyan strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kat alkalmazhatnak, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H\u0151szigetel\u00e9s alkalmaz\u00e1sa a f\u00f6ldalatti \u00e9p\u00fcletszerkezeteken, hogy cs\u00f6kkents\u00e9k a f\u00f6ldbe jut\u00f3 h\u0151vesztes\u00e9get<\/li>\n<li>A felesleges felsz\u00edn alatti h\u0151 felfog\u00e1sa \u00e9s geotermikus energia form\u00e1j\u00e1ban t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa az \u00e9p\u00fcletek f\u0171t\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s h\u0171t\u00e9s\u00e9re<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa monitoroz\u00e1s \u00e9s tervez\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s hat\u00e1sainak meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se elengedhetetlen a hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa v\u00e1rostervez\u00e9shez \u00e9s az infrastruktur\u00e1lis menedzsmenthez.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A talajh\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet folyamatos figyel\u00e9se elengedhetetlen a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok id\u0151beli nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/li>\n<li>A v\u00e1rosoknak fel kell m\u00e9rni\u00fck talajviszonyaik sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t a felsz\u00edn alatti h\u0151 szigetekkel szemben.<\/li>\n<li>Szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sokat \u00e9s ir\u00e1nyelveket kell kidolgozni a felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s \u00e1ltal t\u00e1masztott kih\u00edv\u00e1sok kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s:<\/h2>\n\n<p>A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s egy csendes vesz\u00e9ly, amely fenyegeti a v\u00e1rosi infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1t \u00e9s az emberi eg\u00e9szs\u00e9get. Hat\u00e1sainak meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e9s enyh\u00edt\u00e9si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1val a v\u00e1rosok biztos\u00edthatj\u00e1k \u00e9p\u00edtett k\u00f6rnyezet\u00fck fenntarthat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00e9s ellen\u00e1ll\u00f3 k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9t.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s: A v\u00e1rosi infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1t fenyeget\u0151 csendes vesz\u00e9ly Mi az a felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s? A felsz\u00edn alatti \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s, m\u00e1s n\u00e9ven &#8220;felsz\u00edn alatti h\u0151 szigetek&#8221;, akkor k\u00f6vetkezik be, amikor&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[120,17512,17513],"class_list":["post-12964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-sustainability","tag-underground-climate-change","tag-urban-infrastructure"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12964"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12964\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12965,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12964\/revisions\/12965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}