{"id":13341,"date":"2019-04-28T04:55:34","date_gmt":"2019-04-28T04:55:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13341"},"modified":"2019-04-28T04:55:34","modified_gmt":"2019-04-28T04:55:34","slug":"menopause-can-we-blame-men","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/biology\/menopause-can-we-blame-men\/","title":{"rendered":"A menopauza: F\u00e9rfiakat okolhatjuk \u00e9rte?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Menopauza: Hib\u00e1ztathatjuk a f\u00e9rfiakat?<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mi a menopauza?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A menopauza egy term\u00e9szetes folyamat, amely \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban 45 \u00e9s 55 \u00e9ves kor k\u00f6z\u00f6tt k\u00f6vetkezik be a n\u0151kn\u00e9l. A reprodukt\u00edv \u00e9vek v\u00e9g\u00e9t jelzi, \u00e9s jellemz\u0151je az \u00f6sztrog\u00e9n \u00e9s progeszteron hormonok termel\u00e9s\u00e9nek cs\u00f6kken\u00e9se. Ez a cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s sz\u00e1mos fizikai \u00e9s \u00e9rzelmi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1st okoz, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H\u0151hull\u00e1mok<\/li>\n<li>Alv\u00e1szavar<\/li>\n<li>Cs\u00f6kkent szexu\u00e1lis v\u00e1gy<\/li>\n<li>Fokozott h\u00fcvelyi fert\u0151z\u00e9sek<\/li>\n<li>Hangulatingadoz\u00e1sok<\/li>\n<li>F\u00e1radts\u00e1g<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mi\u00e9rt van menopauz\u00e1nk?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A tud\u00f3sok m\u00e1r r\u00e9g\u00f3ta vitatkoznak azon, hogy mi\u00e9rt van menopauza az emberekn\u00e9l. Az egyik \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos hipot\u00e9zis a <strong>nagymama-hipot\u00e9zis<\/strong>, amely szerint a menopauza az\u00e9rt alakult ki, hogy lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tegye az id\u0151sebb n\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, hogy seg\u00edtsenek unok\u00e1ik felnevel\u00e9s\u00e9ben, ez\u00e1ltal n\u00f6velve g\u00e9njeik t\u00fal\u00e9l\u00e9si es\u00e9ly\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n<p>Azonban a PLOS Computational Biology foly\u00f3iratban megjelent egy k\u00f6zelm\u00faltbeli tanulm\u00e1ny megk\u00e9rd\u0151jelezi ezt a hipot\u00e9zist. A tanulm\u00e1ny vezet\u0151 szerz\u0151je, Rama Singh azt \u00e1ll\u00edtja, hogy a nagymama-hipot\u00e9zis nem magyar\u00e1zza meg, hogyan v\u00e1lt olyan \u00e1ltal\u00e1noss\u00e1 az id\u0151sebb n\u0151k medd\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t okoz\u00f3 genetikai mut\u00e1ci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A f\u00e9rfi p\u00e1rv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s \u00e9s a menopauza<\/h2>\n\n<p>Singh tanulm\u00e1nya egy m\u00e1sik hipot\u00e9zist javasol: hogy a <strong>f\u00e9rfi p\u00e1rv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s<\/strong> szerepet j\u00e1tszhatott a menopauza kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1ban. A f\u00e9rfiak \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a fiatalabb n\u0151ket r\u00e9szes\u00edtik el\u0151nyben p\u00e1rk\u00e9nt, \u00e9s ez a preferencia id\u0151vel olyan mut\u00e1ci\u00f3k felhalmoz\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezethet, amelyek k\u00e1ros\u00edtj\u00e1k az id\u0151sebb n\u0151k term\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n<p>A tanulm\u00e1ny sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes szimul\u00e1ci\u00f3i kimutatt\u00e1k, hogy amikor a f\u00e9rfi p\u00e1rv\u00e1laszt\u00e1st hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a modellhez, megn\u0151tt az id\u0151sebb n\u0151k term\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9t cs\u00f6kkent\u0151 mut\u00e1ci\u00f3k sz\u00e1ma. Ezek a mut\u00e1ci\u00f3k v\u00e9g\u00fcl r\u00f6gz\u00fcltek a popul\u00e1ci\u00f3ban, ami a menopauza kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezetett.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A f\u00e9rfi p\u00e1rv\u00e1laszt\u00e1si hipot\u00e9zis bizony\u00edt\u00e9kai<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u00e1r a f\u00e9rfi p\u00e1rv\u00e1laszt\u00e1si hipot\u00e9zis m\u00e9g mindig csak egy elm\u00e9let, van n\u00e9h\u00e1ny bizony\u00edt\u00e9k, amely al\u00e1t\u00e1masztja. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a tanulm\u00e1nyok kimutatt\u00e1k, hogy a f\u00e9rfiak nagyobb val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ggel \u00e9rt\u00e9kelik a fiatalabb n\u0151ket vonz\u00f3bbnak \u00e9s k\u00edv\u00e1natosabbnak. Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl a f\u00e9rfiaknak nagyobb val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ggel sz\u00fcletnek gyerekei fiatalabb n\u0151kt\u0151l, mint id\u0151sebb n\u0151kt\u0151l.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Menopauza m\u00e1s fajokn\u00e1l<\/h2>\n\n<p>Az emberek nem az egyetlen faj, amelyn\u00e9l menopauza el\u0151fordul. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny f\u0151eml\u0151s, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a rhesus majmok \u00e9s a csimp\u00e1nzok is \u00e1tesnek menopauz\u00e1n. Azonban a menopauza <strong>szinte kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag emberi<\/strong> jelens\u00e9g, mivel olyan k\u00e9s\u0151n k\u00f6vetkezik be az \u00e9letben. A k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g okai nem teljesen tiszt\u00e1zottak.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A menopauza pontos okai m\u00e9g mindig vita t\u00e1rgy\u00e1t k\u00e9pezik. Azonban a f\u00e9rfi p\u00e1rv\u00e1laszt\u00e1si hipot\u00e9zis egy \u00edg\u00e9retes \u00faj elm\u00e9let, amely seg\u00edthet megmagyar\u00e1zni ezt az evol\u00faci\u00f3s rejt\u00e9lyt.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Menopauza: Hib\u00e1ztathatjuk a f\u00e9rfiakat? Mi a menopauza? A menopauza egy term\u00e9szetes folyamat, amely \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban 45 \u00e9s 55 \u00e9ves kor k\u00f6z\u00f6tt k\u00f6vetkezik be a n\u0151kn\u00e9l. A reprodukt\u00edv \u00e9vek v\u00e9g\u00e9t jelzi, \u00e9s&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[136,17992,16088,17993],"class_list":["post-13341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-evolution","tag-male-mate-choice","tag-menopause","tag-grandmother-hypothesis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13341"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13342,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13341\/revisions\/13342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}