{"id":13671,"date":"2026-02-22T01:25:52","date_gmt":"2026-02-22T01:25:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13671"},"modified":"2026-02-22T01:25:52","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T01:25:52","slug":"salmon-magnetic-navigation-gps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/animal-behavior\/salmon-magnetic-navigation-gps\/","title":{"rendered":"A lazac m\u00e1gneses GPS-e: a F\u00f6ld m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151j\u00e9n hazatal\u00e1l"},"content":{"rendered":"

A lazac hihetetlen GPS-e: a F\u00f6ld m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151j\u00e9vel navig\u00e1l<\/h2>\n\n

M\u00e1gneses navig\u00e1ci\u00f3: a term\u00e9szeti ir\u00e1nyt\u0171<\/h2>\n\n

A F\u00f6ld m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151je, ak\u00e1rcsak egy l\u00e1thatatlan t\u00e9rk\u00e9p, sz\u00e1mos tengeri \u00e1llatot \u2013 k\u00f6zt\u00fck a lazacot \u2013 k\u00eds\u00e9r k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges v\u00e1ndor\u00fatj\u00e1n. Ez a vel\u00fck sz\u00fcletett t\u00e1j\u00e9koz\u00f3d\u00e1si k\u00e9pess\u00e9g teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9 sz\u00e1mukra, hogy \u00e9vekkel k\u00e9s\u0151bb, t\u00f6bb ezer kilom\u00e9teres tengeri kaland ut\u00e1n pontosan sz\u00fcl\u0151hely\u00fckre t\u00e9rjenek vissza.<\/p>\n\n

Bev\u00e9s\u00e9s: a m\u00e1gneses t\u00e9rk\u00e9p r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n

Amint a kis lazacok kikelnek, agyukba v\u00e9si sz\u00fcl\u0151hely\u00fck m\u00e1gneses \u201eujjlenyomat\u00e1t\u201d. Amikor elhagyj\u00e1k \u00e9desv\u00edzi otthonukat a ny\u00edlt \u00f3ce\u00e1n fel\u00e9, ezt a m\u00e1gneses k\u00e9pet magukkal viszik.<\/p>\n\n

Geom\u00e1gneses elv\u00e1ndorl\u00e1s: egy folyton v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3 t\u00e1j<\/h2>\n\n

A F\u00f6ld m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151je nem \u00e1lland\u00f3, hanem fokozatosan v\u00e1ltozik, jelens\u00e9g, amelyet geom\u00e1gneses elv\u00e1ndorl\u00e1snak neveznek. Ez azt jelenti, hogy egy adott hely m\u00e1gneses al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1sa \u00e9vr\u0151l \u00e9vre enyh\u00e9n m\u00f3dosul.<\/p>\n\n

A lazac navig\u00e1ci\u00f3s k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge<\/h2>\n\n

A lazac a m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151t ir\u00e1nyt\u0171k\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lva indul visszafel\u00e9. A lehets\u00e9ges bej\u00e1ratokn\u00e1l m\u00e9ri az aktu\u00e1lis m\u00e1gneses jelet, \u00e9s \u00f6sszeveti a sz\u00fclet\u00e9skor r\u00f6gz\u00edtett m\u00e1gneses k\u00e9ppel. Az a bej\u00e1rat, amelynek m\u00e1gnesess\u00e9ge a legink\u00e1bb megegyezik a sz\u00fcl\u0151helyi mint\u00e1val, lesz a v\u00e1lasztott \u00fat.<\/p>\n\n

Fraser-foly\u00f3 lazaca: esettanulm\u00e1ny<\/h2>\n\n

A kutat\u00f3k Brit Columbia Fraser-foly\u00f3j\u00e1nak v\u00f6r\u00f6s lazacait tanulm\u00e1nyozt\u00e1k, amelyek hazafel\u00e9 Vancouver-sziget\u00e9hez \u00e9rkeznek. Kider\u00fclt, hogy a halak \u00e9szaki vagy d\u00e9li bej\u00e1rat k\u00f6z\u00f6tti v\u00e1laszt\u00e1sa att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u00f6tt, melyik bej\u00e1rat m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151je hasonl\u00edtott legink\u00e1bb a Fraser-foly\u00f3 m\u00e1gneses al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1ra k\u00e9t \u00e9vvel kor\u00e1bbr\u00f3l, amikor elhagyt\u00e1k a foly\u00f3t \u00e9s a tengerre mentek t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkozni.<\/p>\n\n

Kihat\u00e1sok a lazacmeg\u0151rz\u00e9sre<\/h2>\n\n

A lazac m\u00e1gneses navig\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa mind a vadon \u00e9l\u0151, mind a teny\u00e9sztett \u00e1llom\u00e1nyok szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l. A szapor\u00edt\u00f3telepeken \u00fcgyelni kell arra, hogy elektromos vezet\u00e9kek vagy vascs\u00f6vek ne torz\u00edts\u00e1k a helyi m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151t, mert ez rontan\u00e1 a halak t\u00e1j\u00e9koz\u00f3d\u00e1si k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n

M\u00e1gneses navig\u00e1ci\u00f3 m\u00e1sutt<\/h2>\n\n

A lazacon k\u00edv\u00fcl m\u00e1s fajok \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul tengeri tekn\u0151s\u00f6k \u00e9s atlanti tonhalak \u2013 is a F\u00f6ld m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151j\u00e9t haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k t\u00e1j\u00e9koz\u00f3d\u00e1sra. Ez a k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges k\u00e9pess\u00e9g arra \u00f6szt\u00f6nzi a tud\u00f3sokat, hogy m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151k seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel dolgozzanak ki meg\u0151rz\u00e9si \u00e9s kezel\u00e9si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kat m\u00e1s tengeri fajok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is.<\/p>\n\n

M\u00e1gneses zavarok: potenci\u00e1lis fenyeget\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n

Az emberi tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9gek \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul t\u00e1vvezet\u00e9kek vagy tenger alatti k\u00e1belek \u2013 m\u00e1gneses zavarokat kelthetnek, amelyek megzavarhatj\u00e1k a lazac t\u00e1j\u00e9koz\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1t. Fontos meg\u00e9rteni e zavarok hat\u00e1s\u00e1t annak \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, hogy cs\u00f6kkents\u00fck a lazac\u00e1llom\u00e1nyokra gyakorolt lehets\u00e9ges k\u00e1ros hat\u00e1sokat.<\/p>\n\n

Folytat\u00f3d\u00f3 kutat\u00e1sok \u00e9s j\u00f6v\u0151beli ir\u00e1nyok<\/h2>\n\n

A lazac m\u00e1gneses navig\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1r\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 kutat\u00e1sok tov\u00e1bb boncolgatj\u00e1k e rendk\u00edv\u00fcli k\u00e9pess\u00e9g apr\u00f3 r\u00e9szleteit. A j\u00f6v\u0151 tanulm\u00e1nyai a m\u00e1gneses \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9s molekul\u00e1ris mechanizmusaira, a navig\u00e1ci\u00f3 genetikai h\u00e1tter\u00e9re, valamint az \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s lazacok t\u00e1j\u00e9koz\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9rint\u0151 hat\u00e1saira \u00f6sszpontos\u00edtanak.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A lazac hihetetlen GPS-e: a F\u00f6ld m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151j\u00e9vel navig\u00e1l M\u00e1gneses navig\u00e1ci\u00f3: a term\u00e9szeti ir\u00e1nyt\u0171 A F\u00f6ld m\u00e1gneses mez\u0151je, ak\u00e1rcsak egy l\u00e1thatatlan t\u00e9rk\u00e9p, sz\u00e1mos tengeri \u00e1llatot \u2013 k\u00f6zt\u00fck a lazacot \u2013…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25313,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[18404,18405,99,18403,8247,7463],"class_list":["post-13671","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-animal-navigation","tag-earths-magnetic-field","tag-lifescienceart","tag-magnetic-navigation","tag-natures-gps","tag-salmon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13671","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13671"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13671\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25314,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13671\/revisions\/25314"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25313"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13671"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13671"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13671"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}