{"id":15458,"date":"2020-06-23T17:04:16","date_gmt":"2020-06-23T17:04:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15458"},"modified":"2020-06-23T17:04:16","modified_gmt":"2020-06-23T17:04:16","slug":"coffee-journey-east-west","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/life\/culinary-culture\/coffee-journey-east-west\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00e1v\u00e9: utaz\u00e1s keletr\u0151l nyugatra"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00e1v\u00e9: utaz\u00e1s keletr\u0151l nyugatra<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eredet \u00e9s terjed\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A k\u00e1v\u00e9 eredete Eti\u00f3pi\u00e1ba ny\u00falik vissza, ahol val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg m\u00e1r az ie. 10. sz\u00e1zadban fogyasztott\u00e1k. Eti\u00f3pi\u00e1b\u00f3l a k\u00e1v\u00e9 Jemenbe \u00e9s azon is t\u00fal terjedt, v\u00e9g\u00fcl a 15. sz\u00e1zad v\u00e9g\u00e9re Mekk\u00e1ba \u00e9s Kair\u00f3ba is eljutott.<\/p>\n\n<p>Az Oszm\u00e1n Birodalom felemelked\u00e9s\u00e9vel a k\u00e1v\u00e9z\u00f3k n\u00e9pszer\u0171 tal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3helyekk\u00e9 v\u00e1ltak az Arab-f\u00e9lszigeten. Ezek a l\u00e9tes\u00edtm\u00e9nyek teret biztos\u00edtottak az embereknek a szocializ\u00e1ci\u00f3ra \u00e9s a pihen\u00e9sre, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen az\u00e9rt, mert a muszlimoknak tilos volt bort fogyasztaniuk.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vall\u00e1si n\u00e9z\u0151pontok<\/h2>\n\n<p>A k\u00e1v\u00e9 \u00e9vsz\u00e1zadok \u00f3ta vall\u00e1si vit\u00e1k \u00e9s ellentmond\u00e1sok t\u00e1rgya. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny muszlim hat\u00f3s\u00e1g a k\u00e1v\u00e9z\u00f3kat fenyeget\u00e9sk\u00e9nt tekintette a mecsetek k\u00f6zponti tal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3helyeire. A sz\u00fafi h\u00edv\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra azonban a k\u00e1v\u00e9 seg\u00edtett \u00e9bernek maradni az ima alatt.<\/p>\n\n<p>Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban a k\u00e1v\u00e9t kezdetben n\u00e9h\u00e1ny katolikus gyanakv\u00e1ssal fogadta, akik &#8220;S\u00e1t\u00e1n keser\u0171 tal\u00e1lm\u00e1ny\u00e1nak&#8221; nevezt\u00e9k. Miut\u00e1n azonban VIII. Kelemen p\u00e1pa kipr\u00f3b\u00e1lta a k\u00e1v\u00e9t, \u00e9s finomnak nyilv\u00e1n\u00edtotta, n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9ge az egekbe sz\u00f6k\u00f6tt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A k\u00e1v\u00e9k\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9s m\u00f3dszereinek fejl\u0151d\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n<p>A k\u00e1v\u00e9 elterjed\u00e9s\u00e9vel vil\u00e1gszerte az emberek k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le m\u00f3dszereket fejlesztettek ki az elk\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s fogyaszt\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Eti\u00f3pi\u00e1ban a babokat meg\u0151r\u00f6lt\u00e9k \u00e9s \u00e1llati zs\u00edrral kevert\u00e9k, hogy gyors energi\u00e1t biztos\u00edtsanak a katon\u00e1k \u00e9s a vad\u00e1szok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n\n<p>Id\u0151vel k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gekben kifinomult f\u0151z\u00e9si technik\u00e1k alakultak ki. A jeruzs\u00e1lemi Iszl\u00e1m M\u0171v\u00e9szeti M\u00fazeum ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le kult\u00far\u00e1kb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 k\u00e1v\u00e9f\u0151z\u0151 eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k sz\u00e9les sk\u00e1l\u00e1j\u00e1t mutatja be, bele\u00e9rtve a d\u00edszes t\u00f6r\u00f6k cs\u00e9szeal\u00e1t\u00e9teket, a modern olasz eszpressz\u00f3f\u0151z\u0151ket \u00e9s a hullad\u00e9kf\u00e9mb\u0151l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt beduin k\u00e1v\u00e9f\u0151z\u0151ket.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1rsadalmi \u00e9s kultur\u00e1lis hat\u00e1s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A k\u00e1v\u00e9z\u00f3k jelent\u0151s szerepet j\u00e1tszottak a t\u00e1rsadalmi \u00e9s kultur\u00e1lis cser\u00e9ben. Tal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3helyet biztos\u00edtottak az \u00e9let minden ter\u00fclet\u00e9r\u0151l \u00e9rkez\u0151 emberek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, el\u0151seg\u00edtve a besz\u00e9lget\u00e9seket \u00e9s az eszmecser\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n<p>A 16. \u00e9s 17. sz\u00e1zadban n\u00e9h\u00e1ny n\u0151 f\u00e9rfinak \u00f6lt\u00f6zve l\u00e9pett be a kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag f\u00e9rfiak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra fenntartott k\u00e1v\u00e9z\u00f3kba, m\u00edg m\u00e1sok tiltakoztak kiz\u00e1r\u00e1suk ellen, \u00e9s saj\u00e1t, n\u0151bar\u00e1t l\u00e9tes\u00edtm\u00e9nyeket alap\u00edtottak. Ez a tendencia vezetett az eur\u00f3pai k\u00e1v\u00e9h\u00e1zi kult\u00fara kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, amelyre a k\u00e1v\u00e9 \u00e9s a besz\u00e9lget\u00e9s volt jellemz\u0151.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A k\u00e1v\u00e9kult\u00fara Palesztin\u00e1ban<\/h2>\n\n<p>A ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s kiemeli az arab \u00e9s az eur\u00f3pai k\u00e1v\u00e9hagyom\u00e1nyok \u00f6sszeolvad\u00e1s\u00e1t Palesztin\u00e1ban. A 19. sz\u00e1zadban a t\u00e9rs\u00e9gben leteleped\u0151 n\u00e9met kereszt\u00e9ny templomosok \u00e9s eur\u00f3pai zsid\u00f3k eur\u00f3pai st\u00edlus\u00fa k\u00e1v\u00e9z\u00f3kat alap\u00edtottak Jeruzs\u00e1lemben.<\/p>\n\n<p>K\u00e9s\u0151bb a brit megsz\u00e1ll\u00f3 er\u0151k tov\u00e1bb n\u00f6velt\u00e9k a keresletet a k\u00e1v\u00e9z\u00f3k ir\u00e1nt. A 20. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9n Jeruzs\u00e1lem Sion tere a t\u00f6r\u00f6k-arab k\u00e1v\u00e9 k\u00f6zpontj\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lt reggelente, m\u00edg d\u00e9lut\u00e1nonk\u00e9nt az eur\u00f3pai st\u00edlus\u00fa k\u00e1v\u00e9t a Caf\u00e9 Europ\u00e1ban fogyasztott\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u0171v\u00e9szi \u00e9s diz\u00e1jnbeli hat\u00e1sok<\/h2>\n\n<p>A k\u00e1v\u00e9 a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelem sor\u00e1n m\u0171v\u00e9szeket \u00e9s tervez\u0151ket is megihletett. A ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son egy kis, 18. sz\u00e1zadi cs\u00e9sze is l\u00e1that\u00f3, amelyen helyet alak\u00edtottak ki az \u00f3piumnak, bemutatva a k\u00e1v\u00e9fogyaszt\u00e1s k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le, fant\u00e1ziad\u00fas m\u00f3djait.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00c9p\u00edt\u00e9szek, tervez\u0151k \u00e9s m\u00e1s szakemberek a k\u00e1v\u00e9val kapcsolatos t\u00e1rgyak sz\u00e9les sk\u00e1l\u00e1j\u00e1t alkott\u00e1k meg, amelyek saj\u00e1t m\u0171v\u00e9szi \u00e9s szakmai n\u00e9z\u0151pontjukat t\u00fckr\u00f6zik.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u00e1v\u00e9: utaz\u00e1s keletr\u0151l nyugatra Eredet \u00e9s terjed\u00e9s A k\u00e1v\u00e9 eredete Eti\u00f3pi\u00e1ba ny\u00falik vissza, ahol val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg m\u00e1r az ie. 10. sz\u00e1zadban fogyasztott\u00e1k. Eti\u00f3pi\u00e1b\u00f3l a k\u00e1v\u00e9 Jemenbe \u00e9s azon is t\u00fal terjedt,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20592],"tags":[12136,63,9,1956,27,837],"class_list":["post-15458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culinary-culture","tag-coffee","tag-culture","tag-art","tag-design","tag-history","tag-religion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15458"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15459,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15458\/revisions\/15459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}