{"id":16450,"date":"2021-04-16T08:49:04","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T08:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16450"},"modified":"2021-04-16T08:49:04","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T08:49:04","slug":"gotthard-base-tunnel-worlds-longest-shortcut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/engineering\/gotthard-base-tunnel-worlds-longest-shortcut\/","title":{"rendered":"A Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat: m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki csoda az Alpok sz\u00edv\u00e9ben"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat: a m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki munka csod\u00e1ja<\/h2>\n\n<p>A sv\u00e1jci Alpok m\u00e9ly\u00e9n megb\u00fav\u00f3 Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat az emberi tal\u00e1l\u00e9konys\u00e1g \u00e9s m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki zsenialit\u00e1s bizony\u00edt\u00e9ka. A t\u00f6bb mint 57 kilom\u00e9ter hossz\u00fa alag\u00fat a <strong>vil\u00e1g leghosszabb alag\u00fatja<\/strong>, egy f\u00f6ldalatti remekm\u0171, amely \u00e1talak\u00edtotta az eur\u00f3pai k\u00f6zleked\u00e9st \u00e9s logisztik\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi h\u00e1tt\u00e9r \u00e9s ihlet<\/h2>\n\n<p>A grandi\u00f3zus Alpok hossz\u00fa ideje komoly akad\u00e1lyt jelentettek az \u00c9szaki-tenger \u00e9s a F\u00f6ldk\u00f6zi-tenger k\u00f6z\u00f6tti vas\u00fati k\u00f6zleked\u00e9s sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. 1882-ben meg\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a r\u00e9gi Gotthard-alagutat, amely mind\u00f6ssze 15 kilom\u00e9ter hossz\u00fa volt, hogy megoldj\u00e1k ezt a probl\u00e9m\u00e1t. Azonban a t\u00f6bb mint 3600 m\u00e9teres tengerszint feletti magass\u00e1g lass\u00fav\u00e1 \u00e9s k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyess\u00e9 tette az utaz\u00e1st.<\/p>\n\n<p>1992-ben a sv\u00e1jci polg\u00e1rok egy olyan ambici\u00f3zus terv mellett tett\u00e9k le a voksukat, amely egy olyan alag\u00fat meg\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t c\u00e9lozta, amely a <strong>hegyek alatt<\/strong> halad majd. Ehhez a mer\u00e9sz projekthez 2600 munk\u00e1s szak\u00e9rtelm\u00e9re volt sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, akik \u00e9jjel-nappal f\u00e1radhatatlanul dolgoztak.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9p\u00edtkez\u00e9s \u00e9s innov\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n<p>A Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se az innov\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s a technol\u00f3giai fejl\u0151d\u00e9s harm\u00f3ni\u00e1ja volt. N\u00e9gy hatalmas <strong>alag\u00fatf\u00far\u00f3 g\u00e9p<\/strong>, amelyek mindegyike n\u00e9gy futballp\u00e1lya hossz\u00fas\u00e1g\u00fa volt, sz\u00fcntelen\u00fcl r\u00e1gta \u00e1t mag\u00e1t a szikl\u00e1n. Az 58 sziklat\u00f6r\u0151 ac\u00e9l &#8220;hengermar\u00f3val&#8221; felszerelt f\u00far\u00f3fejek 26 tonna er\u0151t kifejtve v\u00e1gtak utat a hajl\u00edthatatlan k\u0151zetben, naponta k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 130 l\u00e1bnyival.<\/p>\n\n<p>A f\u00far\u00e1s pontoss\u00e1ga figyelemre m\u00e9lt\u00f3 volt. Amikor az \u00e9szaki \u00e9s a d\u00e9li alag\u00fat v\u00e9g\u00fcl tal\u00e1lkozott a k\u00f6zep\u00e9n, k\u00f6zel 18 m\u00e9rf\u00f6ldnyi \u00e1s\u00e1s ut\u00e1n mindk\u00e9t ir\u00e1nyb\u00f3l, mind\u00f6ssze n\u00e9h\u00e1ny centim\u00e9teres elt\u00e9r\u00e9s volt k\u00f6zt\u00fck, ami a felhaszn\u00e1lt prec\u00edzi\u00f3s m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki munka bizony\u00edt\u00e9ka.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00f6rnyezeti hat\u00e1sok \u00e9s gazdas\u00e1gi el\u0151ny\u00f6k<\/h2>\n\n<p>A Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat nemcsak a k\u00f6zleked\u00e9st jav\u00edtja, hanem a k\u00f6rnyezeti fenntarthat\u00f3s\u00e1got is el\u0151seg\u00edti. Az\u00e1ltal, hogy \u00e9vente 40 milli\u00f3 tonna \u00e1rut helyez \u00e1t az utacr\u00f3l a s\u00ednekre, az alag\u00fat jelent\u0151sen cs\u00f6kkenti a l\u00e9gszennyez\u00e9st. Ez \u00e9vente 650 000 teheraut\u00f3 elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val egyenl\u0151 az eur\u00f3pai utakr\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n<p>Az alag\u00fat gazdas\u00e1gi el\u0151nyei is jelent\u0151sek. A Sv\u00e1jci Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi Vas\u00fat vonatai most m\u00e1r ak\u00e1r 15 000 utast is sz\u00e1ll\u00edthatnak naponta az alag\u00faton kereszt\u00fcl, 155 m\u00e9rf\u00f6ld per \u00f3r\u00e1s sebess\u00e9ggel, jelent\u0151sen ler\u00f6vid\u00edtve az utaz\u00e1si id\u0151t a nagyobb v\u00e1rosok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl az alag\u00fat 260 teherg\u00e9pkocsi befogad\u00e1s\u00e1ra alkalmas naponta, ami n\u00e9gyszerese a legk\u00f6zelebbi megl\u00e9v\u0151 alag\u00fat kapacit\u00e1s\u00e1nak, megk\u00f6nny\u00edtve az \u00e1ruk hat\u00e9kony sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t Eur\u00f3pa-szerte, a sv\u00e1jci csokol\u00e1d\u00e9t\u00f3l az olasz aut\u00f3kig.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A sv\u00e1jci kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1g a vas\u00fati m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki munk\u00e1ban<\/h2>\n\n<p>A Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat a sv\u00e1jci kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1g ragyog\u00f3 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja a vas\u00fati m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki munk\u00e1ban. Ahogy Daniel Achermann, a Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi Vas\u00fat egyik tisztvisel\u0151je b\u00fcszk\u00e9n kijelentette: &#8220;Mi nem tal\u00e1ltuk fel a vasutat, de most mi, sv\u00e1jciak vagyunk a legjobbak az \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fckben.&#8221; Az alag\u00fat innovat\u00edv kialak\u00edt\u00e1sa, gondos kivitelez\u00e9se \u00e9s k\u00f6rnyezettudatoss\u00e1ga a modern vil\u00e1g egyik csod\u00e1j\u00e1v\u00e1 teszi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat: a m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki munka csod\u00e1ja A sv\u00e1jci Alpok m\u00e9ly\u00e9n megb\u00fav\u00f3 Gotthard-b\u00e1zisalag\u00fat az emberi tal\u00e1l\u00e9konys\u00e1g \u00e9s m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki zsenialit\u00e1s bizony\u00edt\u00e9ka. A t\u00f6bb mint 57 kilom\u00e9ter hossz\u00fa alag\u00fat a vil\u00e1g leghosszabb alag\u00fatja,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1213],"tags":[21782,3696,3100,1073,21783],"class_list":["post-16450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-engineering","tag-gotthard-base-tunnel","tag-environmental-sustainability","tag-transportation-innovation","tag-engineering-marvel","tag-swiss-excellence"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16450","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16450"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16450\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16451,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16450\/revisions\/16451"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16450"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16450"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}