{"id":16522,"date":"2021-06-26T05:39:07","date_gmt":"2021-06-26T05:39:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16522"},"modified":"2021-06-26T05:39:07","modified_gmt":"2021-06-26T05:39:07","slug":"the-habsburg-jaw-a-genetic-legacy-of-inbreeding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/genetics\/the-habsburg-jaw-a-genetic-legacy-of-inbreeding\/","title":{"rendered":"A Habsburgok \u00e1llkapcsa: A belteny\u00e9szt\u00e9s genetikai \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9ge"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Habsburg-\u00e1ll: A belteny\u00e9szet \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9ge<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Habsburg-h\u00e1z \u00e9s a v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A Habsburgok n\u00e9met-osztr\u00e1k uralkod\u00f3 csal\u00e1d volt, amelynek hatalma a 13. sz\u00e1zadt\u00f3l a 19. sz\u00e1zadig terjedt ki Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban. Sok m\u00e1s kir\u00e1lyi csal\u00e1dhoz hasonl\u00f3an a Habsburgok is strat\u00e9giai h\u00e1zass\u00e1gokat k\u00f6t\u00f6ttek hatalmuk megszil\u00e1rd\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra, gyakran k\u00f6zeli rokonaikkal h\u00e1zasodtak. A v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9snek ez a gyakorlata jelent\u0151s hat\u00e1ssal volt a csal\u00e1d genetikai \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9re \u00e9s fizikai megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A jellegzetes Habsburg-\u00e1ll<\/h2>\n\n<p>A Habsburgok egyik legfelt\u0171n\u0151bb jellemz\u0151je a jellegzetes \u00e1lluk volt, amelyet ki\u00e1ll\u00f3 als\u00f3 \u00e1llkapocs \u00e9s beesett k\u00f6z\u00e9parc jellemez. Ez az arcdeformit\u00e1s, amelyet mandibul\u00e1ris prognatizmusk\u00e9nt \u00e9s maxill\u00e1ris deficienciak\u00e9nt ismernek, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a dinasztia k\u00e9s\u0151bbi gener\u00e1ci\u00f3iban volt kifejezett.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Habsburg-\u00e1ll genetikai alapjai<\/h2>\n\n<p>A k\u00f6zelm\u00faltbeli kutat\u00e1sok kimutatt\u00e1k, hogy a Habsburg-\u00e1llat val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg egy recessz\u00edv g\u00e9n okozta. A recessz\u00edv g\u00e9nek csak akkor mutatj\u00e1k meg hat\u00e1sukat, ha a g\u00e9n mindk\u00e9t p\u00e9ld\u00e1nya azonos. A v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s n\u00f6veli annak a val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9t, hogy az egy\u00e9nek k\u00e9t p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny\u00e1t \u00f6r\u00f6klik ugyanabb\u00f3l a recessz\u00edv g\u00e9nb\u0151l, \u00edgy nagyobb a val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ge annak, hogy a recessz\u00edv tulajdons\u00e1g kifejez\u0151dik.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Korrel\u00e1ci\u00f3 a v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s \u00e9s a Habsburg-\u00e1ll k\u00f6z\u00f6tt<\/h2>\n\n<p>Az Annals of Human Biology-ban k\u00f6zz\u00e9tett tanulm\u00e1ny er\u0151s \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9st tal\u00e1lt a v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s szintje \u00e9s a spanyol Habsburgok mandibul\u00e1ris prognatizmus\u00e1nak s\u00falyoss\u00e1ga k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A kutat\u00f3k 15 spanyol Habsburg arck\u00e9p\u00e9t elemezt\u00e9k, \u00e9s meghat\u00e1rozt\u00e1k v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9si egy\u00fctthat\u00f3ikat, amelyek m\u00e9rik azonos g\u00e9njeik ar\u00e1ny\u00e1t. Azt tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k, hogy a magasabb v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9si egy\u00fctthat\u00f3val rendelkez\u0151 Habsburgok nagyobb val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ggel rendelkeztek kifejezettebb Habsburg-\u00e1ll jellemz\u0151kkel.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s hat\u00e1sa a Habsburgokra<\/h2>\n\n<p>A jellegzetes arcvon\u00e1saik mellett a v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9snek m\u00e1s negat\u00edv k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyei is voltak a Habsburgokra n\u00e9zve. A kor\u00e1bbi kutat\u00e1sok kimutatt\u00e1k, hogy a v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s ak\u00e1r 18%-kal is cs\u00f6kkentette a Habsburg ut\u00f3dok t\u00fal\u00e9l\u00e9si es\u00e9lyeit. A v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s magas szintje a dinasztia k\u00e9s\u0151bbi gener\u00e1ci\u00f3iban hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rulhatott a Habsburg-vonal kihal\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a 18. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A Habsburg-\u00e1ll a v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s genetikai k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeinek szembet\u0171n\u0151 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja. Ezt az arcdeformit\u00e1st val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg egy recessz\u00edv g\u00e9n okozta, amelyet a Habsburgok h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9si gyakorlata miatt \u00f6r\u00f6k\u00edtettek nemzed\u00e9keken kereszt\u00fcl. A v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9snek m\u00e1s negat\u00edv hat\u00e1sai is voltak a Habsburgokra, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt cs\u00f6kkentek a t\u00fal\u00e9l\u00e9si es\u00e9lyek \u00e9s v\u00e9g\u00fcl kihalt a dinasztia.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u0151 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mandibul\u00e1ris prognatizmus<\/strong> olyan \u00e1llapot, amelyet ki\u00e1ll\u00f3 als\u00f3 \u00e1llkapocs jellemez.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Maxill\u00e1ris deficiencia<\/strong> olyan \u00e1llapot, amelyet beesett k\u00f6z\u00e9parc jellemez.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dysmorf jellemz\u0151k<\/strong> olyan rendellenes arcvon\u00e1sok, amelyeket genetikai rendelleness\u00e9gek okozhatnak.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9si egy\u00fctthat\u00f3<\/strong> annak a m\u00e9rt\u00e9ke, hogy egy egy\u00e9n g\u00e9njeinek h\u00e1ny sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka azonos sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s\u00fa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recessz\u00edv g\u00e9n<\/strong> olyan g\u00e9n, amely csak akkor mutatja meg hat\u00e1s\u00e1t, ha a g\u00e9n mindk\u00e9t p\u00e9ld\u00e1nya azonos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Habsburg-\u00e1ll: A belteny\u00e9szet \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9ge A Habsburg-h\u00e1z \u00e9s a v\u00e9rfert\u0151z\u00e9s A Habsburgok n\u00e9met-osztr\u00e1k uralkod\u00f3 csal\u00e1d volt, amelynek hatalma a 13. sz\u00e1zadt\u00f3l a 19. sz\u00e1zadig terjedt ki Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban. Sok m\u00e1s kir\u00e1lyi csal\u00e1dhoz&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1628],"tags":[21876,8741,188,21874,21875,21877,21878,21879,21880],"class_list":["post-16522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genetics","tag-facial-deformities","tag-inbreeding","tag-genetics","tag-habsburg-jaw","tag-royal-families","tag-mandibular-prognathism","tag-maxillary-deficiency","tag-recessive-genes","tag-historical-portraits"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16522"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16523,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16522\/revisions\/16523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}