{"id":1653,"date":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","date_gmt":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1653"},"modified":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","modified_gmt":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","slug":"historical-tortoiseshell-trade-impact-hawksbill-sea-turtles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/marine-biology\/historical-tortoiseshell-trade-impact-hawksbill-sea-turtles\/","title":{"rendered":"A tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l-kereskedelem puszt\u00edt\u00f3 hat\u00e1sa a hatty\u00facs\u0151r\u0171 tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre: t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi kizs\u00e1km\u00e1nyol\u00e1s \u00e9s jelenlegi vesz\u00e9lyek"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00daj kutat\u00e1s vil\u00e1g\u00edt r\u00e1 a tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l-kereskedelem hatty\u00facs\u0151r\u0171 tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre gyakorolt puszt\u00edt\u00f3 hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi kizs\u00e1km\u00e1nyol\u00e1s<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u00f6bb mint 150 \u00e9vnyi adat t\u00e1rta fel a tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l-kereskedelem riaszt\u00f3 m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t \u00e9s puszt\u00edt\u00f3 hat\u00e1s\u00e1t a hatty\u00facs\u0151r\u0171 tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre. E tanulm\u00e1ny el\u0151tt a kereskedelemr\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 adatok csak 1950-ig ny\u00faltak vissza, de a kutat\u00f3k most 1844-t\u0151l 1992-ig terjed\u0151 lev\u00e9lt\u00e1rakat vizsg\u00e1ltak meg, felt\u00e1rva a kizs\u00e1km\u00e1nyol\u00e1s egy rejtett t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00f6bbenetes sz\u00e1mok<\/h2>\n\n<p>Az elemz\u00e9s kimutatta, hogy 1950 el\u0151tt t\u00f6bb mint 1 186 087 font tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l ker\u00fclt piacra, ami k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 880 000 egyedi tekn\u0151st jelent. Ez a sz\u00e1m j\u00f3val meghaladja a kor\u00e1bbi becsl\u00e9seket, amelyek az 1950-t\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 adatokon alapultak.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lek\u00fczd\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A kutat\u00f3k megk\u00e9rd\u0151jelezt\u00e9k azt a felt\u00e9telez\u00e9st, hogy csak nagy m\u00e9ret\u0171 kifejlett tekn\u0151s\u00f6ket zs\u00e1km\u00e1nyoltak p\u00e1nc\u00e9ljuk\u00e9rt. Ahogy a nagyobb tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre vad\u00e1sztak, a kifog\u00e1s kiterjedt a fiatalabb kifejlett \u00e9s fiatalkor\u00fa tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre is, ez a folyamat az \u00fagynevezett \u201elek\u00fczd\u00e9s\u201d. Ez a gyakorlat tov\u00e1bb cs\u00f6kkentette a tekn\u0151spopul\u00e1ci\u00f3t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A kifog\u00e1s \u00fajrasz\u00e1mol\u00e1sa<\/h2>\n\n<p>A tiltott tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9lok kort\u00e1rs sz\u00e1ll\u00edtm\u00e1nyaib\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 adatok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val a kutat\u00f3k \u00fajrasz\u00e1molt\u00e1k a 150 \u00e9v alatt kifogott tekn\u0151s\u00f6k sz\u00e1m\u00e1t. Az eredm\u00e9nyek d\u00f6bbenetesek:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Csak nagy m\u00e9ret\u0171 kifejlettek:<\/strong> 4 640 062 egyed<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vegyes kifejlettek:<\/strong> 5 122 951 egyed<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vegyes kor\u00faak:<\/strong> 9 834 837 egyed<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lek\u00fczd\u00f6tt:<\/strong> 8 976 503 egyed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi kereskedelmi \u00fatvonalak \u00e9s IUU hal\u00e1szat<\/h2>\n\n<p>A tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9lok t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi kereskedelmi \u00fatvonalai tov\u00e1bbra is relev\u00e1nsak a mai illeg\u00e1lis hal\u00e1szati gyakorlatok szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l. A kutat\u00f3k arra utalnak, hogy a tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l-kereskedelemben r\u00e9szt vev\u0151 h\u00e1l\u00f3zatok \u00e9s \u00fczemeltet\u0151k lefektethett\u00e9k a kort\u00e1rs illeg\u00e1lis, be nem jelentett \u00e9s szab\u00e1lyozatlan (IUU) hal\u00e1szat alapjait.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Folyamatos fenyeget\u00e9sek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Az 1977 \u00f3ta \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes nemzetk\u00f6zi v\u00e9delem ellen\u00e9re a hatty\u00facs\u0151r\u0171 tekn\u0151s\u00f6ket tov\u00e1bbra is illeg\u00e1lisan fogj\u00e1k olyan orsz\u00e1gokban, mint Indon\u00e9zia, Malajzia \u00e9s a F\u00fcl\u00f6p-szigetek, gyakran K\u00edn\u00e1ba t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 export c\u00e9lj\u00e1b\u00f3l. A tanulm\u00e1ny kiemeli az iparszer\u0171 tengerparti hal\u00e1szat \u00e9s a kereskedelmi flott\u00e1k megn\u00f6vekedett fel\u00fcgyelet\u00e9nek sz\u00fcks\u00e9gess\u00e9g\u00e9t a tekn\u0151s\u00f6k \u00e9s m\u00e1s vesz\u00e9lyeztetett tengeri \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nyek v\u00e9delme \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tov\u00e1bbi kutat\u00e1sokra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ez a tanulm\u00e1ny \u00e9rt\u00e9kes betekint\u00e9st ny\u00fajt a tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l-kereskedelem hatty\u00facs\u0151r\u0171 tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre gyakorolt t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi hat\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l. Tov\u00e1bbi kutat\u00e1sokra van azonban sz\u00fcks\u00e9g a kizs\u00e1km\u00e1nyol\u00e1s hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeinek teljes k\u00f6r\u0171 meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s ezen kritikusan vesz\u00e9lyeztetett \u00e1llatok v\u00e9delm\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 hat\u00e9kony strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k kidolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00daj kutat\u00e1s vil\u00e1g\u00edt r\u00e1 a tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l-kereskedelem hatty\u00facs\u0151r\u0171 tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre gyakorolt puszt\u00edt\u00f3 hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi kizs\u00e1km\u00e1nyol\u00e1s T\u00f6bb mint 150 \u00e9vnyi adat t\u00e1rta fel a tekn\u0151cp\u00e1nc\u00e9l-kereskedelem riaszt\u00f3 m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t \u00e9s puszt\u00edt\u00f3 hat\u00e1s\u00e1t a hatty\u00facs\u0151r\u0171 tekn\u0151s\u00f6kre.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[3582,3579,3583,1298,3581,3580,404],"class_list":["post-1653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-biology","tag-fishing-down","tag-hawksbill-sea-turtle","tag-illegal-unreported-and-unregulated-fishing","tag-marine-conservation","tag-historical-exploitation","tag-tortoiseshell-trade","tag-endangered-species"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1653"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1654,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653\/revisions\/1654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}