{"id":16956,"date":"2024-08-23T02:06:29","date_gmt":"2024-08-23T02:06:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16956"},"modified":"2024-08-23T02:06:29","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T02:06:29","slug":"whispering-bats-not-so-quiet-after-all","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/zoology\/whispering-bats-not-so-quiet-after-all\/","title":{"rendered":"Suttog\u00f3 denev\u00e9rek: Kor\u00e1ntsem olyan csendesek"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Suttog\u00f3 denev\u00e9rek: Kor\u00e1ntsem olyan csendesek<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ekh\u00f3lok\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s decibel<\/h2>\n\n<p>A suttog\u00f3 denev\u00e9rek, nev\u00fckkel ellent\u00e9tben, egy\u00e1ltal\u00e1n nem csendesek. Visszhang alap\u00fa jelz\u00e9seik, melyeket navig\u00e1ci\u00f3ra \u00e9s zs\u00e1km\u00e1ny felder\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lnak, meglep\u0151en nagy hanger\u0151t \u00e9rhetnek el. A Journal of Experimental Biology foly\u00f3iratban nemr\u00e9giben megjelent egy tanulm\u00e1ny, amely k\u00e9t suttog\u00f3 denev\u00e9rfaj visszhang alap\u00fa jelz\u00e9seit m\u00e9rte: a jamaicai gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9r (Artibeus jamaicensis) \u00e9s a hossz\u00fal\u00e1b\u00fa sz\u0151r\u00f6s denev\u00e9r (Macrophyllum macrophyllum).<\/p>\n\n<p>Az eredm\u00e9nyek megd\u00f6bbent\u0151ek voltak. A hossz\u00fal\u00e1b\u00fa sz\u0151r\u00f6s denev\u00e9r jelz\u00e9sei el\u00e9rt\u00e9k a 105 decibeles cs\u00facs hanger\u0151t, ami egyenl\u0151 a New York-i metr\u00f3 zajszintj\u00e9vel. A jamaicai gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9r azonban m\u00e9g ezt is fel\u00fclm\u00falta, jelz\u00e9sei a d\u00f6bbenetes 110 decibelt \u00e9rt\u00e9k el, ami egy rockkoncert els\u0151 sor\u00e1nak felel meg.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jamaicai gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9r: Hangos \u00e9s messzirehat\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n<p>A jamaicai gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9r rendk\u00edv\u00fcli hanger\u0151ss\u00e9ge k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges \u00e9letm\u00f3dj\u00e1nak tudhat\u00f3 be. Gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9rk\u00e9nt hatalmas ter\u00fcleteket kell bej\u00e1rnia gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsf\u00e1k keres\u00e9se k\u00f6zben. Hangos, messzirehat\u00f3 visszhang alap\u00fa jelz\u00e9sei seg\u00edtik abban, hogy s\u0171r\u0171 erdei \u00e9l\u0151hely\u00e9n eligazodjon.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hossz\u00fal\u00e1b\u00fa sz\u0151r\u00f6s denev\u00e9r: Farokalap\u00fa rovarvad\u00e1szat<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ezzel szemben a hossz\u00fal\u00e1b\u00fa sz\u0151r\u00f6s denev\u00e9rnek sokkal specializ\u00e1ltabb t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1ja van. A fark\u00e1t haszn\u00e1lja rovarok felsz\u00ednr\u0151l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 \u00f6sszeszed\u00e9s\u00e9re. A zs\u00e1km\u00e1nyszerz\u00e9snek ez a m\u00f3dja nem ig\u00e9nyel ugyanolyan messzirehat\u00f3 visszhang alap\u00fa jelz\u00e9seket, mint a jamaicai gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9rn\u00e9l.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9letm\u00f3dbeli k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9gek \u00e9s visszhang alap\u00fa \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A visszhang alap\u00fa jelek hanger\u0151ss\u00e9g\u00e9ben mutatkoz\u00f3 \u00f3ri\u00e1si k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g e k\u00e9t faj k\u00f6z\u00f6tt r\u00e1vil\u00e1g\u00edt a denev\u00e9rekn\u00e9l az \u00e9letm\u00f3d \u00e9s a visszhang alap\u00fa \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9s jellemz\u0151i k\u00f6z\u00f6tti szoros kapcsolatra. A jamaicai gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9r hangos jelz\u00e9sei elengedhetetlenek t\u00e1vols\u00e1gi navig\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1hoz \u00e9s gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcskeres\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9geihez. M\u00e1sr\u00e9szr\u0151l a hossz\u00fal\u00e1b\u00fa sz\u0151r\u00f6s denev\u00e9r halkabb jelz\u00e9sei az \u0151 speci\u00e1lis rovarvad\u00e1sz technik\u00e1j\u00e1hoz igazodnak.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evol\u00faci\u00f3s adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3k<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ezen ellent\u00e9tes visszhang alap\u00fa strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k evol\u00faci\u00f3ja a denev\u00e9rek figyelemre m\u00e9lt\u00f3 alkalmazkod\u00f3k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9nek bizony\u00edt\u00e9ka. Az id\u0151 m\u00fal\u00e1s\u00e1val a term\u00e9szetes szelekci\u00f3 k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 visszhang alap\u00fa jellemz\u0151ket t\u00e1mogatott a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 fajokban, optimaliz\u00e1lva azoknak a k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9t, hogy saj\u00e1t \u00f6kol\u00f3giai f\u00fclk\u00e9ikben vir\u00e1gozzanak.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implik\u00e1ci\u00f3k a denev\u00e9rek v\u00e9delme szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l<\/h2>\n\n<p>A visszhang alap\u00fa \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9s \u00e9s az \u00e9letm\u00f3d k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kapcsolat meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se d\u00f6nt\u0151 fontoss\u00e1g\u00fa a denev\u00e9rv\u00e9delmi er\u0151fesz\u00edt\u00e9sek szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l. A k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 denev\u00e9rfajok egyedi adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3inak felismer\u00e9s\u00e9vel a term\u00e9szetv\u00e9d\u0151k c\u00e9lzott strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kat dolgozhatnak ki \u00e9l\u0151helyeik v\u00e9delm\u00e9re \u00e9s fennmarad\u00e1suk biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tov\u00e1bbi megl\u00e1t\u00e1sok<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A decibel sk\u00e1la logaritmikus, ami azt jelenti, hogy 10 decibeles n\u00f6veked\u00e9s a hangintenzit\u00e1s megdupl\u00e1z\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1t jelenti.<\/li>\n<li>A visszhang alap\u00fa \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9st nemcsak navig\u00e1ci\u00f3ra, hanem zs\u00e1km\u00e1ny felder\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re is haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.<\/li>\n<li>A jamaicai gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsev\u0151 denev\u00e9r visszhang alap\u00fa jelz\u00e9sei k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl k\u00e9tszer olyan hangosak, mint a hossz\u00fal\u00e1b\u00fa sz\u0151r\u00f6s denev\u00e9r\u00e9i.<\/li>\n<li>A hossz\u00fal\u00e1b\u00fa sz\u0151r\u00f6s denev\u00e9r farka rendk\u00edv\u00fcl specializ\u00e1lt adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3 a rovarok v\u00edzb\u0151l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 elfog\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/li>\n<li>A denev\u00e9rekn\u00e9l a visszhang alap\u00fa strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k evol\u00faci\u00f3j\u00e1t a term\u00e9szetes szelekci\u00f3 \u00e9s a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 \u00f6kol\u00f3giai f\u00fclk\u00e9khez val\u00f3 alkalmazkod\u00e1s sz\u00fcks\u00e9gess\u00e9ge vez\u00e9rli.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Suttog\u00f3 denev\u00e9rek: Kor\u00e1ntsem olyan csendesek Ekh\u00f3lok\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s decibel A suttog\u00f3 denev\u00e9rek, nev\u00fckkel ellent\u00e9tben, egy\u00e1ltal\u00e1n nem csendesek. Visszhang alap\u00fa jelz\u00e9seik, melyeket navig\u00e1ci\u00f3ra \u00e9s zs\u00e1km\u00e1ny felder\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lnak, meglep\u0151en nagy hanger\u0151t \u00e9rhetnek el.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24112,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[2706,22406,688,22405,252,97],"class_list":["post-16956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-animal-adaptations","tag-bat-conservation","tag-echolocation","tag-whispering-bats","tag-nature","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16956"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24113,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16956\/revisions\/24113"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}