{"id":17270,"date":"2021-10-13T00:54:01","date_gmt":"2021-10-13T00:54:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17270"},"modified":"2021-10-13T00:54:01","modified_gmt":"2021-10-13T00:54:01","slug":"lost-locke-manuscript-religious-tolerance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/uncategorized\/lost-locke-manuscript-religious-tolerance\/","title":{"rendered":"Felfedezt\u00e9k John Locke elveszett k\u00e9zirat\u00e1t a vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l"},"content":{"rendered":"

John Locke elveszett k\u00e9zirata a vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l<\/h2>\n\n

Egy ismeretlen k\u00e9zirat felfedez\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n

Figyelemre m\u00e9lt\u00f3 felfedez\u00e9s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, amikor a h\u00edres filoz\u00f3fus, John Locke egy kor\u00e1bban ismeretlen k\u00e9zirat\u00e1t tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k meg Marylandben, a St. John’s College-ban. A “Reasons for Tolerating Papists Equally with others” (\u00c9rvek a p\u00e1pist\u00e1k m\u00e1sokkal egyenl\u0151 toler\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra) c\u00edm\u0171 k\u00e9zirat megk\u00e9rd\u0151jelezi Locke vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l alkotott n\u00e9zeteir\u0151l kialakult, r\u00e9g\u00f3ta fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 felt\u00e9telez\u00e9seket.<\/p>\n\n

Locke korai \u00e1ll\u00e1spontja a katolicizmussal kapcsolatban<\/h2>\n\n

A 1667-8-ban \u00edr\u00f3dott k\u00e9zirat betekint\u00e9st enged Locke korai gondolkod\u00e1s\u00e1ba a vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l. Locke-ot, akit gyakran \u00e1br\u00e1zolnak a vall\u00e1sszabads\u00e1g t\u00e1mogat\u00f3jak\u00e9nt, \u00fagy ismert\u00e9k, hogy negat\u00edv v\u00e9lem\u00e9nnyel volt a katolikusokr\u00f3l, lekicsinyl\u0151 m\u00f3don “p\u00e1pist\u00e1knak” nevezte \u0151ket.<\/p>\n\n

Azonban az \u00fajonnan felfedezett k\u00e9zirat egy m\u00e1sik perspekt\u00edv\u00e1t t\u00e1r fel. Locke a katolikusok toleranci\u00e1ja mellett \u00e9rvel, azzal \u00e9rvelve, hogy ez a herceg \u00e9s a Nemzetk\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g legjobb \u00e9rdekeit szolg\u00e1lja. Azt sugallja, hogy a tolerancia el\u0151ny\u00f6s lehet az orsz\u00e1g sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, mivel el\u0151seg\u00edti a b\u00e9k\u00e9t \u00e9s a stabilit\u00e1st.<\/p>\n\n

Hat\u00e1s a nyugati liberalizmusra<\/h2>\n\n

A k\u00e9zirat arra is f\u00e9nyt der\u00edt Locke vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 k\u00e9s\u0151bbi m\u0171v\u00e9nek eredet\u00e9re. A “Lev\u00e9l a toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l” c\u00edm\u0171 hat\u00e1sos \u00e9rtekez\u00e9s\u00e9ben tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 sok \u00f6tletet el\u0151sz\u00f6r ebben a kor\u00e1bbi m\u0171ben fogalmazott meg. Locke vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l alkotott elk\u00e9pzel\u00e9se a nyugati liber\u00e1lis demokr\u00e1cia alapk\u00f6v\u00e9v\u00e9 v\u00e1lt, befoly\u00e1solva az egyh\u00e1z \u00e9s az \u00e1llam sz\u00e9tv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s\u00e1t az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok alkotm\u00e1ny\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n\n

A k\u00e9zirat elemz\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n

A k\u00e9zirat k\u00e9t list\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e1ll, az egyik a katolikusok toler\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak okait, a m\u00e1sik az ellene sz\u00f3l\u00f3 okokat v\u00e1zolja fel. Cole Simmons politol\u00f3gus r\u00e1mutat, hogy Locke azon okai, amelyek miatt toler\u00e1lni kell a katolikusokat, mind a herceg \u00e9rdekein alapulnak. Ezzel szemben a katolikusok nem toler\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak okai a Nemzetk\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g lehets\u00e9ges el\u0151nyein alapulnak.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00e1lasz Sir Charles Wolseley-nek<\/h2>\n\n

A k\u00e9zirat elemz\u00e9se azt is sugallja, hogy ez Sir Charles Wolseley “A lelkiismeret szabads\u00e1ga a b\u00edr\u00e1k \u00e9rdeke” c\u00edm\u0171 r\u00f6pirat\u00e1ra adott v\u00e1lasz. Locke l\u00e1that\u00f3an Wolseley \u00e9rveivel foglalkozik, \u00e9s bemutatja saj\u00e1t n\u00e9z\u0151pontj\u00e1t a t\u00e9m\u00e1val kapcsolatban.<\/p>\n\n

A k\u00e9zirat \u00fatja<\/h2>\n\n

A k\u00e9zirat St. John’s College-ba vezet\u0151 \u00fatja rejt\u00e9lyekbe burkol\u00f3zik. \u00dagy gondolj\u00e1k, hogy Locke iratai k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozott, amelyeket a Rye House Plot meghi\u00fasul\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n \u00e1tadtak bar\u00e1tj\u00e1nak, Edward Clarke-nak. Clarke csal\u00e1dja val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg az 1920-as \u00e9vekig \u0151rizte a k\u00e9ziratot, amikor \u00e1rver\u00e9sre bocs\u00e1tott\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n

A felfedez\u00e9s jelent\u0151s\u00e9ge<\/h2>\n\n

Locke k\u00e9zirat\u00e1nak felfedez\u00e9se jelent\u0151s esem\u00e9ny a Locke-kutat\u00e1s ter\u00fclet\u00e9n. Megk\u00e9rd\u0151jelezi vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l alkotott n\u00e9zeteir\u0151l kialakult kor\u00e1bbi felt\u00e9telez\u00e9seket, \u00e9s \u00faj betekint\u00e9st ny\u00fajt gondolkod\u00e1sa fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9be. A k\u00e9zirat \u00e9rt\u00e9kes els\u0151dleges forr\u00e1sk\u00e9nt szolg\u00e1l a nyugati liber\u00e1lis demokr\u00e1cia eredet\u00e9nek meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

John Locke elveszett k\u00e9zirata a vall\u00e1si toleranci\u00e1r\u00f3l Egy ismeretlen k\u00e9zirat felfedez\u00e9se Figyelemre m\u00e9lt\u00f3 felfedez\u00e9s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, amikor a h\u00edres filoz\u00f3fus, John Locke egy kor\u00e1bban ismeretlen k\u00e9zirat\u00e1t tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k meg Marylandben, a St.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[98,22746,22748,27,22747],"class_list":["post-17270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-philosophy","tag-john-locke","tag-western-liberalism","tag-history","tag-religious-tolerance"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17270"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17270\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17271,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17270\/revisions\/17271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}