{"id":278,"date":"2024-07-19T17:47:55","date_gmt":"2024-07-19T17:47:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/?p=278"},"modified":"2024-07-19T17:47:55","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T17:47:55","slug":"the-black-death-a-resurgent-threat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/science\/life-sciences\/the-black-death-a-resurgent-threat\/","title":{"rendered":"A fekete hal\u00e1l: egy fel\u00e9led\u0151 fenyeget\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A fekete hal\u00e1l: egy fel\u00e9led\u0151 fenyeget\u00e9s?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Az orvostudom\u00e1ny fejl\u0151d\u00e9se ellen\u00e9re a m\u00faltb\u00f3l n\u00e9h\u00e1ny hal\u00e1los betegs\u00e9g, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a szam\u00e1rk\u00f6h\u00f6g\u00e9s, a kanyar\u00f3 \u00e9s a lepra visszat\u00e9r\u0151ben van. Az a betegs\u00e9g, amely meglephet ezen a list\u00e1n, a fekete hal\u00e1l, m\u00e1s n\u00e9ven bub\u00f3pestis, amely a k\u00f6z\u00e9pkorban v\u00e9gigs\u00f6p\u00f6rt Eur\u00f3p\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mi a fekete hal\u00e1l?<\/h3>\n\n<p>A fekete hal\u00e1l egy olyan bakteri\u00e1lis betegs\u00e9g, amelyet \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban fert\u0151z\u00f6tt r\u00e1gcs\u00e1l\u00f3kat cs\u00edp\u0151 bolh\u00e1k terjesztenek az emberekre. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt b\u0151r\u00f6n okozott feketed\u00e9s miatt kapta a nev\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Egy fel\u00e9led\u0151 betegs\u00e9g<\/h3>\n\n<p>A k\u00f6zhiedelemmel ellent\u00e9tben a fekete hal\u00e1l sosem t\u0171nt el teljesen. A Vil\u00e1g Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi Szervezet becsl\u00e9sei szerint \u00e9vente 1000 \u00e9s 3000 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt van a vil\u00e1gon jelentett pestises megbeteged\u00e9s. Az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokban 1900 \u00f3ta k\u00f6zel 1000 meger\u0151s\u00edtett vagy felt\u00e9telezett pestises eset t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt a Betegs\u00e9gellen\u0151rz\u00e9si \u00e9s Megel\u0151z\u00e9si K\u00f6zpontok (CDC) szerint.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hogyan terjed a pestis?<\/h3>\n\n<p>A pestis leggyakrabban egy fert\u0151z\u00f6tt bolha cs\u00edp\u00e9s\u00e9vel terjed. A bolh\u00e1k a pestisbakt\u00e9riumot hordoz\u00f3 r\u00e1gcs\u00e1l\u00f3kat, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul patk\u00e1nyokat \u00e9s m\u00f3kusokat cs\u00edpve fert\u0151z\u0151dnek meg. Az emberek fert\u0151z\u00f6tt \u00e1llatokkal vagy azok tetemeivel val\u00f3 \u00e9rintkez\u00e9s \u00fatj\u00e1n is megfert\u0151z\u0151dhetnek.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A pestis t\u00fcnetei<\/h3>\n\n<p>A pestis t\u00fcnetei a fert\u0151z\u00e9s t\u00edpus\u00e1t\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en v\u00e1ltozhatnak. A pestis leggyakoribb form\u00e1ja, a bub\u00f3pestis a h\u00f3naljban, a l\u00e1gy\u00e9khajlatban vagy a nyakon okoz megnagyobbodott nyirokcsom\u00f3kat (bub\u00f3kat). Egy\u00e9b t\u00fcnetek lehetnek a l\u00e1z, hidegr\u00e1z\u00e1s, fejf\u00e1j\u00e1s \u00e9s izomf\u00e1jdalom.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kezel\u00e9s \u00e9s megel\u0151z\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\n<p>A pestist antibiotikumokkal lehet kezelni, ha el\u00e9g kor\u00e1n felismerik. Azonban n\u00e9h\u00e1ny tud\u00f3s agg\u00f3dik amiatt, hogy a pestist okoz\u00f3 bakt\u00e9rium rezisztenss\u00e9 v\u00e1lhat az antibiotikumokkal szemben.<\/p>\n\n<p>Sz\u00e1mos l\u00e9p\u00e9st tehetsz a pestis megel\u0151z\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ker\u00fcld a r\u00e1gcs\u00e1l\u00f3kkal \u00e9s a f\u00e9szkeikkel val\u00f3 \u00e9rintkez\u00e9st.<\/li>\n<li>Tartsd a h\u00e1zad \u00e9s az udvarod mentesen a r\u00e1gcs\u00e1l\u00f3kat vonz\u00f3 dolgokt\u00f3l, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az \u00e9lelmiszert\u0151l \u00e9s a szem\u00e9tt\u0151l.<\/li>\n<li>Haszn\u00e1lj DEET-et tartalmaz\u00f3 rovarriaszt\u00f3t, amikor a szabadban tart\u00f3zkodsz.<\/li>\n<li>Viselj keszty\u0171t, amikor elhullott \u00e1llatokkal b\u00e1nsz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Antibiotikum-rezisztencia<\/h3>\n\n<p>A pestis \u00fajb\u00f3li megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9vel kapcsolatos egyik legnagyobb aggodalom a pestist okoz\u00f3 bakt\u00e9rium antibiotikum-rezisztenss\u00e9 v\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge. Ez a betegs\u00e9g kezel\u00e9s\u00e9t sokkal nehezebb\u00e9 teheti.<\/p>\n\n<p>A kutat\u00f3k \u00faj antibiotikumok kifejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9n dolgoznak, amelyek hat\u00e9konyak a pestisbakt\u00e9rium antibiotikum-rezisztens t\u00f6rzsei ellen. Addig is fontos l\u00e9p\u00e9seket tenni a pestis terjed\u00e9s\u00e9nek megel\u0151z\u00e9se \u00e9s azonnali orvosi ell\u00e1t\u00e1s ig\u00e9nybev\u00e9tele \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, ha a betegs\u00e9g b\u00e1rmely t\u00fcnet\u00e9t \u00e9szleled.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa hat\u00e1sok<\/h3>\n\n<p>A fekete hal\u00e1l \u00fajb\u00f3li megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9nek hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa hat\u00e1sait neh\u00e9z megj\u00f3solni. Azonban egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171, hogy ez a betegs\u00e9g tov\u00e1bbra is fenyegeti a k\u00f6zeg\u00e9szs\u00e9get. A pestis terjed\u00e9s\u00e9nek megel\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e9s \u00faj kezel\u00e9sek kifejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9vel seg\u00edthet\u00fcnk megv\u00e9deni magunkat ett\u0151l a hal\u00e1los betegs\u00e9gt\u0151l.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A fekete hal\u00e1l: egy fel\u00e9led\u0151 fenyeget\u00e9s? Az orvostudom\u00e1ny fejl\u0151d\u00e9se ellen\u00e9re a m\u00faltb\u00f3l n\u00e9h\u00e1ny hal\u00e1los betegs\u00e9g, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a szam\u00e1rk\u00f6h\u00f6g\u00e9s, a kanyar\u00f3 \u00e9s a lepra visszat\u00e9r\u0151ben van. Az a betegs\u00e9g, amely&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23895,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[762],"tags":[758,760,761,178,759],"class_list":["post-278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-life-sciences","tag-black-death","tag-resurgence","tag-infectious-diseases","tag-public-health","tag-bubonic-plague"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":279,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278\/revisions\/279"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}