{"id":3705,"date":"2021-07-02T13:24:13","date_gmt":"2021-07-02T13:24:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3705"},"modified":"2021-07-02T13:24:13","modified_gmt":"2021-07-02T13:24:13","slug":"history-of-beer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/life\/food-and-drink\/history-of-beer\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f6rt\u00f6rt\u00e9nelem: Az eredett\u0151l a kult\u00far\u00e1n \u00e9s a gazdas\u00e1gon \u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A s\u00f6r t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A s\u00f6r eredete<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6r az egyik legr\u00e9gebbi \u00e9s legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb alkoholos ital a vil\u00e1gon. T\u00f6rt\u00e9nete eg\u00e9szen az \u00f3korig ny\u00falik vissza, az els\u0151 bizony\u00edt\u00e9kok a s\u00f6rf\u0151z\u00e9sre a sum\u00e9rok kor\u00e1b\u00f3l, az ie. 6. sz\u00e1zadb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaznak.<\/p>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6r pontos eredete ismeretlen, de egy elterjedt elm\u00e9let szerint v\u00e9letlen\u00fcl tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k fel keny\u00e9rs\u00fct\u00e9s k\u00f6zben. Eszerint az elm\u00e9let szerint valaki kint s\u00fct\u00f6tt kenyeret, amikor egy z\u00e1por f\u00e9lbeszak\u00edtotta. Menek\u00fclt, hogy fedez\u00e9ket keressen, \u00e9s egy-k\u00e9t napra megfeledkezett a t\u00e9szt\u00e1r\u00f3l, majd visszat\u00e9rve egy habos, erjed\u0151 folyad\u00e9kot tal\u00e1lt a t\u00e1lban. Megk\u00f3stolta, ber\u00fagott, \u00e9s azt mondta: &#8220;H\u00e9, ez j\u00f3.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A s\u00f6r elterjed\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sum\u00e9ri\u00e1b\u00f3l a s\u00f6r Egyiptomba \u00e9s a K\u00f6zel-Kelet m\u00e1s r\u00e9szeire terjedt. N\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9ge eg\u00e9szen a t\u00e9rs\u00e9g 7. sz\u00e1zadi arab megsz\u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1ig n\u0151tt, amikor az iszl\u00e1m t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyek megtiltott\u00e1k az alkoholfogyaszt\u00e1st.<\/p>\n\n<p>Mik\u00f6zben a K\u00f6zel-Keleten a s\u00f6r n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9ge cs\u00f6kkent, \u00c9szak-Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban n\u00f6vekedett. Az ottani emberek valahogy megtanult\u00e1k a s\u00f6rf\u0151z\u00e9st ie. 800 k\u00f6r\u00fcl, amint azt egy kelta amfor\u00e1ban tal\u00e1lt s\u00f6rmaradv\u00e1nyok bizony\u00edtj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n<p>A modern s\u00f6rf\u0151z\u00e9si elj\u00e1r\u00e1st el\u0151sz\u00f6r a r\u00f3maiak tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k fel, amely mag\u00e1ban foglalta a mal\u00e1t\u00e1z\u00e1st \u00e9s a cefr\u00e9z\u00e9st. Ezt az elj\u00e1r\u00e1st a mai napig a legt\u00f6bb s\u00f6r el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Reinheitsgebot<\/h2>\n\n<p>1516-ban IV. Vilmos bajor herceg kiadta a Reinheitsgebotot, vagyis a &#8220;tisztas\u00e1gi t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyt&#8221;. Ez a t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny a s\u00f6r \u00f6sszetev\u0151it \u00e1rp\u00e1ra, koml\u00f3ra \u00e9s v\u00edzre korl\u00e1tozta. A Reinheitsgebot t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny ma is hat\u00e1lyos, \u00e9s ez az egyik oka annak, hogy a n\u00e9met s\u00f6r magas min\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9r\u0151l ismert.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A s\u00f6r k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00edpusai<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rengeteg k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00edpus\u00fa s\u00f6r l\u00e9tezik, mindegyiknek megvan a maga egyedi \u00edze \u00e9s arom\u00e1ja. A s\u00f6r n\u00e9h\u00e1ny legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb t\u00edpusa a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ale:<\/strong> Az ale-eket fels\u0151 erjeszt\u00e9s\u0171 \u00e9leszt\u0151vel k\u00e9sz\u00edtik, amely magasabb h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten erjed. Az ale-ek \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban \u00edzletesebbek \u00e9s arom\u00e1sabbak, mint a lagerek.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lagerek:<\/strong> A lagereket als\u00f3 erjeszt\u00e9s\u0171 \u00e9leszt\u0151vel k\u00e9sz\u00edtik, amely alacsonyabb h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten erjed. A lagerek \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban ropog\u00f3sabbak \u00e9s \u00fcd\u00edt\u0151bbek, mint az ale-ek.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stout:<\/strong> A stout s\u00f6t\u00e9t sz\u00edn\u0171 s\u00f6r, amelyet p\u00f6rk\u00f6lt \u00e1rp\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00edtenek. A stout \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban testes \u00e9s gazdag, mal\u00e1t\u00e1s \u00edz\u0171.<\/li>\n<li><strong>IPA:<\/strong> Az IPA koml\u00f3s s\u00f6r, amely \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban keser\u0171 \u00e9s arom\u00e1s. Az IPA a k\u00e9zm\u0171ves s\u00f6r\u00f6k kedvel\u0151inek n\u00e9pszer\u0171 v\u00e1laszt\u00e1sa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00fazas\u00f6r:<\/strong> A b\u00fazas\u00f6rt b\u00fazamal\u00e1t\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00edtik, amely k\u00f6nny\u0171 \u00e9s friss\u00edt\u0151 \u00edzt ad neki. A b\u00fazas\u00f6rt gyakran citrom- vagy narancsszelettel t\u00e1lalj\u00e1k.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A s\u00f6r el\u0151nyei<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6rnek sz\u00e1mos eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi el\u0151nye van, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cs\u00f6kkenti a sz\u00edvbetegs\u00e9gek kock\u00e1zat\u00e1t:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r antioxid\u00e1nsokat tartalmaz, amelyek seg\u00edtenek megv\u00e9deni a sz\u00edvet a k\u00e1rosod\u00e1st\u00f3l.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cs\u00f6kkenti a stroke kock\u00e1zat\u00e1t:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r seg\u00edthet cs\u00f6kkenteni a v\u00e9rnyom\u00e1st \u00e9s cs\u00f6kkenteni a v\u00e9rr\u00f6gk\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00e9s kock\u00e1zat\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jav\u00edtja a kognit\u00edv funkci\u00f3kat:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r seg\u00edthet jav\u00edtani a mem\u00f3ri\u00e1t \u00e9s cs\u00f6kkenteni a demencia kock\u00e1zat\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Er\u0151sebb csontok:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r szil\u00edciumot tartalmaz, amely n\u00e9lk\u00fcl\u00f6zhetetlen a csontok eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00e9hez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A s\u00f6r kult\u00far\u00e1ja<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6r nem csup\u00e1n egy ital, hanem egy kultur\u00e1lis jelens\u00e9g is. A s\u00f6rt gyakran t\u00e1rs\u00edtj\u00e1k a j\u00f3 id\u0151t\u00f6lt\u00e9ssel \u00e9s a t\u00e1rsadalmi \u00f6sszej\u00f6vetelekkel. Sz\u00e1mos \u00e9tel n\u00e9pszer\u0171 \u00f6sszetev\u0151je is, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a s\u00f6rsajt leves.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A s\u00f6r gazdas\u00e1gi hat\u00e1sa<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6ripar jelent\u0151s gazdas\u00e1gi er\u0151. Az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokban a s\u00f6ripar \u00e9vente t\u00f6bb mint 250 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1r bev\u00e9telt termel, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb mint 2 milli\u00f3 embernek biztos\u00edt munk\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ha saj\u00e1t<\/h2>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A s\u00f6r t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete A s\u00f6r eredete A s\u00f6r az egyik legr\u00e9gebbi \u00e9s legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb alkoholos ital a vil\u00e1gon. T\u00f6rt\u00e9nete eg\u00e9szen az \u00f3korig ny\u00falik vissza, az els\u0151 bizony\u00edt\u00e9kok a s\u00f6rf\u0151z\u00e9sre a sum\u00e9rok&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[6961,63,2471,6960,27],"class_list":["post-3705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-food-and-drink","tag-alcohol","tag-culture","tag-beer","tag-brewing","tag-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3705"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3706,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3705\/revisions\/3706"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}