{"id":5870,"date":"2021-06-05T16:29:39","date_gmt":"2021-06-05T16:29:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=5870"},"modified":"2021-06-05T16:29:39","modified_gmt":"2021-06-05T16:29:39","slug":"shotgun-houses-new-orleans-iconic-architecture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/uncategorized\/shotgun-houses-new-orleans-iconic-architecture\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak: M\u00e9ly mer\u00fcl\u00e9s New Orleans ikonikus \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9szet\u00e9be"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1zak: M\u00e9ly Mer\u00fcl\u00e9s New Orleans Ikonikus \u00c9p\u00edt\u00e9szet\u00e9be<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mi Az a S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1z?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak keskenyek, egyemeletes otthonok, amiket jellemz\u0151en New Orleansben tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. Hosszan elny\u00fal\u00f3, keskeny alaprajz \u00e9s folyos\u00f3k hi\u00e1nya jellemzi \u0151ket. A &#8220;s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1z&#8221; n\u00e9v feltehet\u0151en a joruba &#8220;togun&#8221; sz\u00f3b\u00f3l ered, ami &#8220;h\u00e1zat&#8221; vagy &#8220;gy\u0171l\u0151helyet&#8221; jelent.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1zak T\u00f6rt\u00e9nete<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak Nyugat-Afrik\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e9s Haitib\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaznak, \u00e9s a 19. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9n bev\u00e1ndorl\u00f3k \u00e9s rabszolg\u00e1k hozt\u00e1k be New Orleansbe. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen n\u00e9pszer\u0171v\u00e9 az 1800-as \u00e9vek n\u00e9pess\u00e9grobban\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n v\u00e1ltak, amikor n\u0151tt az ig\u00e9ny a lakhat\u00e1sra. A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zakat kezdetben munk\u00e1soszt\u00e1lybeli csal\u00e1doknak \u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k, \u00e9s gyakran gy\u00e1rak k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben helyezkedtek el.<\/p>\n\n<p>Az 1900-as \u00e9vek v\u00e9g\u00e9n a s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9ge a szeg\u00e9nys\u00e9ggel val\u00f3 t\u00e1rsul\u00e1suk miatt hanyatlani kezdett. A Katrina hurrik\u00e1n azonban jelent\u0151s k\u00e1rokat okozott New Orleans Ninth Wardj\u00e1ban, amely els\u0151sorban s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zakb\u00f3l \u00e1llt. Ez \u00fajra fel\u00e9lesztette az \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9st ezen t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyek meg\u0151rz\u00e9se ir\u00e1nt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1zak F\u0151bb Jellemz\u0151i<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Keskeny alaprajz:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban csak egy szoba sz\u00e9lesek \u00e9s kett\u0151-h\u00e1rom szoba m\u00e9lyek.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Folyos\u00f3k hi\u00e1nya:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zakban nincsenek folyos\u00f3k. Ehelyett az egyes szob\u00e1kon kereszt\u00fcl kell \u00e1ts\u00e9t\u00e1lni, hogy eljussunk a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151be.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magas mennyezet:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zaknak jellemz\u0151en magas a mennyezet\u00fck, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a hat\u00e9kony szell\u0151z\u00e9st \u00e9s l\u00e9g\u00e1raml\u00e1st.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ablakok \u00e9s ajt\u00f3k mindk\u00e9t v\u00e9g\u00e9n:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zaknak mind a h\u00e1z k\u00e9t v\u00e9g\u00e9n vannak ablakai \u00e9s ajt\u00f3i, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a keresztl\u00e9gszell\u0151z\u00e9st.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fa burkolat:<\/strong> A legt\u00f6bb s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1z f\u00e1val burkolt, b\u00e1r n\u00e9h\u00e1nynak t\u00e9gla- vagy k\u0151 k\u00fclseje van.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ciprusfa keretek:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak keretei gyakran ciprusf\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fclnek, amely ellen\u00e1ll a v\u00edznek, rovaroknak \u00e9s rothad\u00e1snak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1zak Kultur\u00e1lis Jelent\u0151s\u00e9ge<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak jelent\u0151s szerepet j\u00e1tszottak New Orleans kult\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1nak fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9ben. Keskeny alaprajzuk szorosan \u00f6sszetart\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9geket \u00f6szt\u00f6nz\u00f6tt, \u00e9s a lakosok gyakran a verand\u00e1jukon gy\u0171ltek \u00f6ssze, hogy leh\u0171ljenek a v\u00e1ros szubtr\u00f3pusi kl\u00edm\u00e1j\u00e1r\u00f3l. A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak otthont adtak fekete, eur\u00f3pai \u00e9s kreol emberek soksz\u00edn\u0171 k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g\u00e9nek, ami hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rult a v\u00e1ros \u00e9l\u00e9nk zenei, gasztron\u00f3miai \u00e9s t\u00e1ncos hagyom\u00e1nyaihoz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1zak V\u00e1ltozatai<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dupla cs\u00f6v\u0171 s\u00f6r\u00e9tes pusk\u00e1k:<\/strong> Ezek egyetlen \u00e9p\u00fcletek, amelyek k\u00e9t azonos s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zb\u00f3l \u00e1llnak, amelyek egy k\u00f6zponti falat osztanak meg.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00e9tszintes s\u00f6r\u00e9tes pusk\u00e1k:<\/strong> Ezek ritk\u00e1k, de n\u00e9h\u00e1ny s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1znak van egy p\u00faposteve h\u00e1ts\u00f3 r\u00e9sze, amely a h\u00e1z h\u00e1ts\u00f3 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n egy r\u00e9szleges m\u00e1sodik emelet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lapos tet\u0151k \u00e9s klasszikus homlokzatok:<\/strong> A korai s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak lapos tet\u0151vel \u00e9s klasszikus homlokzattal rendelkeztek, gal\u00e9ri\u00e1kkal \u00e9s oszlopokkal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magas\u00edtott tet\u0151k \u00e9s d\u00edsz\u00edt\u00e9s:<\/strong> A k\u00e9s\u0151bbi s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak d\u00edszesebb\u00e9 v\u00e1ltak, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul magas\u00edtott tet\u0151kkel, kiugr\u00f3 oromzatokkal \u00e9s Queen Anne verand\u00e1kkal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9l\u00e9nk sz\u00ednek:<\/strong> Manaps\u00e1g sok s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zat \u00e9l\u00e9nk, cukorkasz\u00edn\u0171 \u00e1rnyalatokra festenek, \u00e9s b\u00e1jos, m\u00e9zeskal\u00e1cs d\u00edsz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fck van.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1zban Lak\u00e1s El\u0151nyei \u00e9s H\u00e1tr\u00e1nyai<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El\u0151ny\u00f6k:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi b\u00e1ja:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak New Orleans \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9szet\u00e9nek egyedi \u00e9s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi r\u00e9szei.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Megfizethet\u0151:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak gyakran megfizethet\u0151bbek, mint New Orleans m\u00e1s t\u00edpus\u00fa h\u00e1zai.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A t\u00e9r hat\u00e9kony kihaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1z keskeny alaprajza hat\u00e9konyan haszn\u00e1lja ki a teret.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak gyakran el\u0151seg\u00edtik a k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g\u00e9rzetet a lakosok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e1tr\u00e1nyok:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Adatv\u00e9delem hi\u00e1nya:<\/strong> A folyos\u00f3k hi\u00e1nya a s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zban megnehez\u00edtheti az adatv\u00e9delem biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Korl\u00e1tozott hely:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban kicsik, \u00edgy korl\u00e1tozott hely \u00e1ll rendelkez\u00e9sre a b\u00fatorok \u00e9s egy\u00e9b t\u00e1rgyak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zaj:<\/strong> A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1z nyitott alaprajza megnehez\u00edtheti a zaj el\u0151l val\u00f3 menek\u00fcl\u00e9st m\u00e1s szob\u00e1kb\u00f3l.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Biztons\u00e1g:<\/strong> A folyos\u00f3k hi\u00e1nya \u00e9s a t\u00f6bb bej\u00e1rat miatt a s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak sebezhet\u0151bbek a bet\u00f6r\u00e9sekkel szemben.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p>A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak New Orleans \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9szet\u00e9nek \u00e9s kult\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1nak egyedi \u00e9s ikonikus r\u00e9szei. Jelent\u0151s szerepet j\u00e1tszottak a v\u00e1ros t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelm\u00e9ben, \u00e9s ma is n\u00e9pszer\u0171 v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s a lakosok k\u00f6r\u00e9ben.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1zak: M\u00e9ly Mer\u00fcl\u00e9s New Orleans Ikonikus \u00c9p\u00edt\u00e9szet\u00e9be Mi Az a S\u00f6r\u00e9tes H\u00e1z? A s\u00f6r\u00e9tes h\u00e1zak keskenyek, egyemeletes otthonok, amiket jellemz\u0151en New Orleansben tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. Hosszan elny\u00fal\u00f3, keskeny alaprajz \u00e9s folyos\u00f3k&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1522,63,10218,10217,10216,27],"class_list":["post-5870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-community","tag-culture","tag-cultural-landmark","tag-new-orleans-architecture","tag-shotgun-houses","tag-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5870","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5870"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5870\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5871,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5870\/revisions\/5871"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}