\u00cen ciuda dimensiunii lor microscopice \u0219i a structurii celulare simple, bacteriile sunt forme de via\u021b\u0103 incredibil de rezistente. Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 le-au descoperit \u00eenflorind \u00een medii extreme, de la izvoarele termale clocotitoare din Parcul Na\u021bional Yellowstone p\u00e2n\u0103 la apele acide \u0219i bogate \u00een metale ale drenajului minier.<\/p>\n\n
Acum, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au descoperit un alt habitat ostil \u00een care locuiesc microbii: mici fracturi antice \u00een crusta P\u0103m\u00e2ntului sub Oceanul Pacific de Sud. Aceste fracturi, unele vechi de peste 100 de milioane de ani, sunt lipsite de c\u0103ldur\u0103, nutrien\u021bi \u0219i alte resurse esen\u021biale.<\/p>\n\n
\u00cen ciuda acestor condi\u021bii dure, ace\u0219ti microbi enigmatici au reu\u0219it s\u0103-\u0219i croiasc\u0103 un drum \u00een via\u021b\u0103. Cercet\u0103torii \u00eenc\u0103 dezleag\u0103 misterul modului \u00een care supravie\u021buiesc, dar descoperirile lor ar putea avea implica\u021bii profunde pentru c\u0103utarea vie\u021bii extraterestre pe Marte.<\/p>\n\n
Spre deosebire de al\u021bi microbi care locuiesc \u00een crust\u0103 \u0219i care se bazeaz\u0103 pe reac\u021biile chimice din apa de mare, aceste bacterii par s\u0103 profite de argila bogat\u0103 \u00een minerale care se acumuleaz\u0103 \u00een cr\u0103p\u0103turile pe care le locuiesc. Acest \u201ematerial magic\u201d, a\u0219a cum \u00eel descrie cercet\u0103torul Yohey Suzuki, concentreaz\u0103 nutrien\u021bii \u00een spa\u021bii mici, sus\u021bin\u00e2nd via\u021ba chiar \u0219i \u00een cele mai pu\u021bin probabile locuri.<\/p>\n\n
Cercet\u0103torii au descoperit, de asemenea, microbi care consum\u0103 metan \u00een roci, dar sursa hranei lor r\u0103m\u00e2ne neclar\u0103.<\/p>\n\n
Existen\u021ba acestor organisme rezistente \u00een rocile de ad\u00e2ncime ale P\u0103m\u00e2ntului este \u00eencurajatoare pentru oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 care caut\u0103 semne de via\u021b\u0103 \u00een alt\u0103 parte \u00een sistemul solar. At\u00e2t rocile vulcanice, c\u00e2t \u0219i metanul sunt abundente pe Marte, oferind hran\u0103 poten\u021bial\u0103 pentru microbii mar\u021bieni.<\/p>\n\n
Este interesant de observat c\u0103 compozi\u021bia chimic\u0103 a rocilor de pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt \u0219i Marte este destul de similar\u0103. Mai mult, Marte ar putea avea urme ale unui ocean disp\u0103rut de mult sub suprafa\u021ba sa, stoc\u00e2nd poten\u021bial nutrien\u021bi \u00een crusta sa cr\u0103pat\u0103, la fel cum a f\u0103cut apa de mare a P\u0103m\u00e2ntului.<\/p>\n\n
Dup\u0103 cum sugereaz\u0103 ecologistul Mark Lever: \u201eDac\u0103 via\u021ba a existat pe Marte \u00een trecut, pare probabil ca aceasta s\u0103 existe \u0219i ast\u0103zi \u00een aceste medii subterane ad\u00e2nci\u201d. Descoperirea microbilor \u00een rocile de ad\u00e2ncime ale P\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u00eent\u0103re\u0219te aceast\u0103 ipotez\u0103 \u0219i alimenteaz\u0103 optimismul c\u0103 s-ar putea s\u0103 nu fim singuri \u00een univers.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Microbi \u00een rocile de ad\u00e2ncime: O raz\u0103 de speran\u021b\u0103 pentru via\u021b\u0103 pe Marte Via\u021ba microbian\u0103 \u00een medii extreme \u00cen ciuda dimensiunii lor microscopice \u0219i a structurii celulare simple, bacteriile sunt…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23623,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1106],"tags":[99,1216,2419,2420,2421],"class_list":["post-1039","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astrobiology","tag-lifescienceart","tag-astrobiology","tag-mars-exploration","tag-deep-sea-microbiology","tag-extraterrestrial-life"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1039","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1039"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1039\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1040,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1039\/revisions\/1040"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23623"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1039"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1039"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1039"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}