{"id":10717,"date":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=10717"},"modified":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","slug":"how-to-grow-and-care-for-jalapeno-peppers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/life\/gardening\/how-to-grow-and-care-for-jalapeno-peppers\/","title":{"rendered":"Cultivarea \u0219i \u00eengrijirea ardeiului iute Jalape\u00f1o acas\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultivarea \u0219i \u00eengrijirea ardeiului iute Jalape\u00f1o<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultivare<\/h3>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2nd se seam\u0103n\u0103:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ardeiul iute Jalape\u00f1o prosper\u0103 \u00een c\u0103ldur\u0103, a\u0219a c\u0103 sem\u0103na\u021bi semin\u021bele \u00een aer liber dup\u0103 ce temperatura solului dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 65 \u00b0F. \u00cen mod alternativ, \u00eencepe\u021bi s\u0103 sem\u0103na\u021bi semin\u021be \u00een interior cu 8-10 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00eenainte de ultima dat\u0103 estimat\u0103 de \u00eenghe\u021b.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Transplantare:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Plantele tinere pot fi transplantate \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103 dup\u0103 ce temperaturile nocturne dep\u0103\u0219esc \u00een mod constant 60 \u00b0F.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Alegerea locului:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ardeiul iute Jalape\u00f1o necesit\u0103 o loca\u021bie \u00eensorit\u0103, cu sol bine drenat, bogat \u00een materie organic\u0103. Evita\u021bi s\u0103 planta\u021bi \u00een apropierea altor membri ai familiei Solanaceae pentru a minimiza transmiterea bolilor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Distan\u021bare \u0219i ad\u00e2ncime:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Amplasa\u021bi plantele la o distan\u021b\u0103 de 14-16 inci una de cealalt\u0103, cu 2-3 picioare \u00eentre r\u00e2nduri. Planta\u021bi semin\u021bele la aproximativ 1\/4 inch ad\u00e2ncime. Soiurile mai \u00eenalte pot necesita structuri de sus\u021binere.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00cengrijire<\/h3>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lumin\u0103:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ardeiul iute Jalape\u00f1o necesit\u0103 soare plin, primind cel pu\u021bin \u0219ase ore de lumin\u0103 solar\u0103 direct\u0103 pe zi. Poate tolera o anumit\u0103 umbr\u0103, dar cre\u0219terea \u0219i produc\u021bia de fructe vor sc\u0103dea.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sol:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Solul ideal pentru ardeiul iute Jalape\u00f1o este fertil, umed \u0219i bine drenat, cu un pH u\u0219or acid p\u00e2n\u0103 la neutru. Evita\u021bi solurile dense, \u00eembibate cu ap\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ap\u0103:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ardeiul iute Jalape\u00f1o necesit\u0103 o cantitate mare de ap\u0103, mai ales \u00een compara\u021bie cu al\u021bi membri ai familiei Solanaceae. Iriga\u021bi atunci c\u00e2nd solul se simte uscat la aproximativ un inch ad\u00e2ncime, dar evita\u021bi udarea excesiv\u0103. Un strat gros de mulci ajut\u0103 la conservarea umidit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Temperatur\u0103 \u0219i umiditate:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Temperaturile optime pentru cre\u0219terea ardeiului iute Jalape\u00f1o variaz\u0103 \u00eentre 65-85 \u00b0F \u00een timpul zilei \u0219i 60-70 \u00b0F noaptea. Temperaturile extreme, inclusiv c\u0103ldura persistent\u0103 peste 90 \u00b0F, pot provoca c\u0103derea florilor \u0219i pot reduce fructificarea. Umiditatea moderat\u0103 este ideal\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fertilizare:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ardeiul iute Jalape\u00f1o este un consumator mare de nutrien\u021bi. \u00cembog\u0103\u021bi\u021bi solul cu compost \u00eenainte de plantare. Pe parcursul sezonului de cre\u0219tere, asigura\u021bi fertilizare suplimentar\u0103 cu compost sau un \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103m\u00e2nt echilibrat pentru o productivitate maxim\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Polenizare:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Plantele de ardei iute Jalape\u00f1o se autopolenizeaz\u0103 cu ajutorul v\u00e2ntului \u0219i al polenizatorilor \u0219i se pot \u00eencruci\u0219a cu alte specii de ardei. Pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi polenizarea, scutura\u021bi u\u0219or plantele la fiecare c\u00e2teva zile pentru a distribui polenul.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipuri de ardei iute Jalape\u00f1o<\/h3>\n\n<p>De-a lungul timpului, au fost cultivate diverse soiuri de ardei, fiecare cu caracteristici unice:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u2018Seniorita\u2019<\/strong>: Ardei verde \u00eenchis care se coc la mov \u0219i ro\u0219u, m\u0103sur\u00e2nd aproximativ 3 inci lungime, cu iu\u021beal\u0103 moderat\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u2018Fresno Chile\u2019<\/strong>: Produce ardei mai mici, de 2 inci, cu iu\u021beal\u0103 u\u0219oar\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u2018Sierra Fuego\u2019<\/strong>: Soi hibrid cu ardei modera\u021bi iu\u021bi, de 3,5 inci, care se coc \u00een 80 de zile.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u2018Mucho Nacho\u2019<\/strong>: Se coace rapid \u00een 68 de zile, cu ardei relativ u\u0219ori iu\u021bi, de 4 inci lungime.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ardei iute Jalape\u00f1o vs. Serrano<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ardeii iu\u021bi Serrano, de asemenea membri ai speciei C. annuum, \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc similitudini cu jalape\u00f1o \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te aspectul \u0219i aroma. Cu toate acestea, serranii sunt de obicei mai mici \u0219i au mult mai mult\u0103 iu\u021beal\u0103, aproximativ de cinci ori mai mare dec\u00e2t jalape\u00f1o.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recoltare<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ardeii iu\u021bi Jalape\u00f1o se transform\u0103 de la verde deschis la verde \u00eenchis lucios pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce se coc, devenind \u00een cele din urm\u0103 ro\u0219ii, portocalii sau galbeni. Pentru iu\u021beal\u0103 maxim\u0103, recolta\u021bi c\u00e2nd ajung la dimensiunea maxim\u0103 (de obicei \u00een jur de 4 inci) \u0219i sunt verde \u00eenchis &#8211; \u00eenainte de a-\u0219i schimba culoarea.<\/p>\n\n<p>Dac\u0103 sunt l\u0103sa\u021bi pe plant\u0103 s\u0103 se coac\u0103 complet, ardeii vor dezvolta o arom\u0103 mai dulce, men\u021bin\u00e2ndu-\u0219i \u00een acela\u0219i timp iu\u021beala. T\u0103ia\u021bi ardeii cu foarfeca de t\u0103iere, l\u0103s\u00e2nd o tulpin\u0103 mic\u0103 ata\u0219at\u0103. Evita\u021bi s\u0103 trage\u021bi de fruct, deoarece acest lucru poate deteriora tulpinile fragile.<\/p>\n\n<p>Proteja\u021bi ardeii de \u00eenghe\u021b \u0219i continua\u021bi coacerea \u00een interior, plas\u00e2ndu-i l\u00e2ng\u0103 o fereastr\u0103 luminoas\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultivare \u00een ghivece<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ardeii iu\u021bi Jalape\u00f1o prosper\u0103 \u00een containere, de preferin\u021b\u0103 de 3 galoane sau mai mari, cu orificii de drenaj ample. Ghivecele din lut neglazurat permit excesului de umiditate s\u0103 se evapore. Folosi\u021bi un amestec de ghivece bine drenat \u0219i uda\u021bi bine dup\u0103 plantare.<\/p>\n\n<p>Cultivarea \u00een ghivece ofer\u0103 avantajul mobilit\u0103\u021bii, permi\u021b\u00e2ndu-v\u0103 s\u0103 optimiza\u021bi expunerea la lumina soarelui \u0219i s\u0103 aduce\u021bi plantele \u00een interior pe vreme rece. Fertiliza\u021bi regulat cu un \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103m\u00e2nt lichid pentru a compensa pierderea de nutrien\u021bi din udarea frecvent\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u0103iere<\/h3>\n\n<p>Plantele de ardei iute Jalape\u00f1o, \u00een general, nu necesit\u0103 t\u0103iere. Cu toate acestea, \u00eendep\u0103rta\u021bi l\u0103starii care apar la baza plantei pentru a redirec\u021biona energia c\u0103tre tulpina principal\u0103 pentru o produc\u021bie crescut\u0103 de fructe.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Propagare<\/h3>\n\n<p>Plantele de ardei iute Jalape\u00f1o pot fi propagate din semin\u021be, buta\u0219i sau plante din pepinier\u0103. Buta\u0219ii reprezint\u0103 o metod\u0103 ieftin\u0103 de clonare a unei plante specifice, cu caracteristici dorite de producere a fructelor:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u0103ia\u021bi un segment de tulpin\u0103 de 4-6 inci \u00eentr-un unghi de 45 de grade, chiar sub un nod de frunz\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cendep\u0103rta\u021bi frunzele inferioare \u0219i orice flori sau fructe.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cenmuia\u021bi cap\u0103tul t\u0103iat \u00een hormon de \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinare.<\/li>\n<li>Planta\u021bi buta\u0219ul \u00een amestec umed, f\u0103r\u0103 sol, pentru ghivece.<\/li>\n<li>Men\u021bine\u021bi un mediu cald (70 \u00b0F) cu lumin\u0103 indirect\u0103, str\u0103lucitoare.<\/li>\n<li>R\u0103d\u0103cinile ar trebui s\u0103 se dezvolte \u00een aproximativ dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultivare din semin\u021be<\/h3>\n\n<p>Sem\u0103na\u021bi semin\u021bele \u00een interior cu 8-10 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00eenainte de ultima dat\u0103 estimat\u0103 de \u00eenghe\u021b. Expune\u021bi tava la 16 ore de lumin\u0103 artificial\u0103 pe parcursul germin\u0103rii \u0219i men\u021bine\u021bi temperatura solului \u00eentre 65-80 \u00b0F.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e2nd r\u0103sadurile dezvolt\u0103 dou\u0103 seturi de frunze adev\u0103rate, transplanta\u021bi-le \u00een recipiente mai mari cu p\u0103m\u00e2nt pentru ghivece. Dup\u0103 ce ating o \u00een\u0103l\u021bime de 6-8 inci, expune\u021bi-le treptat la condi\u021biile exterioare timp de dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni (c\u0103lire) \u00eenainte de a le transplanta \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Iernare<\/h3>\n\n<p>Pentru a ierna plantele de ardei iute Jalape\u00f1o \u00een climate mai reci, transplanta\u021bi-le \u00eentr-un container \u0219i aduce\u021bi-le \u00een interior \u00eenainte de primul \u00eenghe\u021b. A\u0219eza\u021bi planta l\u00e2ng\u0103 o fereastr\u0103 luminoas\u0103, de preferin\u021b\u0103 orientat\u0103 spre sud. Proteja\u021bi-o de curen\u021bi de aer \u0219i aer uscat. Uda\u021bi c\u00e2nd se usuc\u0103 primul inch de sol. Dac\u0103 planta devine lung\u0103 din cauza luminii insuficiente, ciupi\u021bi tulpinile.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h3>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cultivarea \u0219i \u00eengrijirea ardeiului iute Jalape\u00f1o Cultivare C\u00e2nd se seam\u0103n\u0103: Ardeiul iute Jalape\u00f1o prosper\u0103 \u00een c\u0103ldur\u0103, a\u0219a c\u0103 sem\u0103na\u021bi semin\u021bele \u00een aer liber dup\u0103 ce temperatura solului dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 65 \u00b0F.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[12828,14797,8848,10382],"class_list":["post-10717","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gardening","tag-spicy-peppers","tag-capsicum-annuum","tag-gardening","tag-homegrown-produce"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10717"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10717\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10718,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10717\/revisions\/10718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10717"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10717"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}