{"id":11198,"date":"2021-08-14T03:29:33","date_gmt":"2021-08-14T03:29:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11198"},"modified":"2021-08-14T03:29:33","modified_gmt":"2021-08-14T03:29:33","slug":"how-to-grow-and-care-for-snap-peas-a-comprehensive-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/life\/gardening\/how-to-grow-and-care-for-snap-peas-a-comprehensive-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Cultivarea \u0219i \u00eengrijirea maz\u0103rii: Un ghid complet"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cum s\u0103 cultiv\u0103m \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eengrijim maz\u0103rea: Un ghid complet<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plantarea maz\u0103rei<\/h3>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Momentul:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea se dezvolt\u0103 \u00een condi\u021bii r\u0103coroase, de \u00eenceput de prim\u0103var\u0103. Sem\u0103na\u021bi semin\u021bele direct \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103 de \u00eendat\u0103 ce solul poate fi lucrat, de obicei cu patru p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u0219ase s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00eenainte de ultimul \u00eenghe\u021b. \u00cen climate mai reci, este posibil\u0103 \u0219i o plantare de toamn\u0103, cu aproximativ opt s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00eenainte de primul \u00eenghe\u021b.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Alegerea amplasamentului:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Alege\u021bi un loc \u00eensorit cu sol bine drenat. Asigura\u021bi o bun\u0103 rota\u021bie a culturilor \u0219i evita\u021bi s\u0103 planta\u021bi maz\u0103re \u00een acela\u0219i loc unde au fost cultivate leguminoase \u00een ultimii doi ani.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Distan\u021bare \u0219i sus\u021binere:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sem\u0103na\u021bi semin\u021bele la o distan\u021b\u0103 de 1 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 1,5 inci \u0219i la aproximativ 1 inch ad\u00e2ncime, pe r\u00e2nduri distan\u021bate la 18 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 36 de inci. Nu r\u0103re\u0219te r\u0103sadurile. Maz\u0103rea sunt vi\u021be care necesit\u0103 o spalier\u0103 sau un alt suport. Monta\u021bi spalierul \u00eenainte de plantare pentru a evita deteriorarea plantelor.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00cengrijirea plantelor de maz\u0103re<\/h3>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lumin\u0103:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea prefer\u0103 soare plin, cu cel pu\u021bin \u0219ase ore de lumin\u0103 solar\u0103 direct\u0103 pe zi. Pu\u021bin\u0103 umbr\u0103 dup\u0103-amiaza este acceptabil\u0103 \u00een climatele calde.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sol:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea poate tolera o gam\u0103 variat\u0103 de soluri, dar prefer\u0103 solul luto-argilos care este bogat \u00een materie organic\u0103 \u0219i are un pH u\u0219or acid p\u00e2n\u0103 la neutru (6,5 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 6,8).<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ap\u0103:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Umiditatea adecvat\u0103 este crucial\u0103 pentru maz\u0103re. Uda\u021bi din abunden\u021b\u0103 \u0219i \u00een mod regulat, mai ales \u00een timpul germin\u0103rii semin\u021belor \u0219i c\u00e2nd se dezvolt\u0103 p\u0103st\u0103ile. Evita\u021bi s\u0103 l\u0103sa\u021bi solul s\u0103 se usuce complet.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Temperatur\u0103 \u0219i umiditate:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea tolereaz\u0103 mai bine vremea cald\u0103 dec\u00e2t maz\u0103rea obi\u0219nuit\u0103, dar totu\u0219i se dezvolt\u0103 cel mai bine \u00een condi\u021bii r\u0103coroase. La mijlocul verii, recolta tinde s\u0103 devin\u0103 mai rar\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00cengr\u0103\u0219\u0103m\u00e2nt:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Dac\u0103 solul este bogat \u00een materie organic\u0103, de obicei nu este necesar\u0103 fertilizarea.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Polenizare:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea, la fel ca alte legume auto-polenizate, nu necesit\u0103 insecte sau v\u00e2nt pentru polenizare.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipuri de maz\u0103re<\/h3>\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 mai multe soiuri de maz\u0103re disponibile, fiecare cu caracteristicile sale unice:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u201eSugar Snap\u201d<\/strong>: Un soi popular cu vi\u021be de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 6 picioare lungime, care se coace \u00een 58 de zile.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201eSuper Sugar Snap\u201d<\/strong>: Un soi rezistent la boli, cu semin\u021be numeroase \u0219i c\u0103rnoase, care se coace \u00een 61 de zile.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201eSugar Ann\u201d<\/strong>: Un soi cu maturare timpurie, cu vi\u021be scurte, de 20 de inci, care se coace \u00een 51 de zile.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201eHoney Snap\u201d<\/strong>: Produce p\u0103st\u0103i galben-aurii pe vi\u021be de 30 de inci, care se coc \u00een 58 de zile.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201eRoyal Snap\u201d<\/strong>: Un soi cu p\u0103st\u0103i mov pe vi\u021be de 24 de inci, care se coc \u00een 58 de zile.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recoltarea maz\u0103rii<\/h3>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea este gata de recoltat la 58 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 70 de zile dup\u0103 r\u0103s\u0103rirea semin\u021belor. P\u0103st\u0103ile trebuie s\u0103 fie pline, lucioase \u0219i s\u0103 se rup\u0103 u\u0219or atunci c\u00e2nd sunt rupte \u00een dou\u0103. Culege\u021bi maz\u0103rea diminea\u021ba, c\u00e2nd p\u0103st\u0103ile sunt cele mai pline. Consuma\u021bi-le \u00een aceea\u0219i zi, dac\u0103 este posibil, deoarece gustul \u0219i textura lor se deterioreaz\u0103 rapid.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultivarea maz\u0103rii \u00een ghivece<\/h3>\n\n<p>Cultivarea maz\u0103rii \u00een containere poate fi o provocare din cauza nevoii lor de spalier. Alege\u021bi un recipient mare, cu un diametru de cel pu\u021bin 12 inci, \u0219i asigura\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 are g\u0103uri de drenaj. Folosi\u021bi un amestec de ghivece cu drenaj rapid \u0219i lua\u021bi \u00een considerare soiurile pitice precum \u201eTom Thumb\u201d pentru gr\u0103din\u0103ritul \u00een containere.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Propagarea maz\u0103rii<\/h3>\n\n<p>Multe soiuri de maz\u0103re sunt polenizate deschis, ceea ce v\u0103 permite s\u0103 salva\u021bi semin\u021be pentru propagare. Colecta\u021bi p\u0103st\u0103ile uscate de la plantele s\u0103n\u0103toase \u0219i extrage\u021bi semin\u021bele. P\u0103stra\u021bi semin\u021bele \u00een plicuri de h\u00e2rtie \u00eentr-un loc uscat \u0219i \u00eentunecat.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultivarea maz\u0103rii din semin\u021be<\/h3>\n\n<p>Inocularea semin\u021belor de maz\u0103re cu bacterii produc\u0103toare de azot poate \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi produc\u021bia culturilor. \u00cenmuia\u021bi semin\u021bele peste noapte \u00eenainte de plantare pentru a accelera germinarea. Planta\u021bi semin\u021bele la o distan\u021b\u0103 de 1 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 1,5 inci \u0219i la aproximativ 1 inch ad\u00e2ncime, pe r\u00e2nduri distan\u021bate la 18 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 36 de inci. Men\u021bine\u021bi solul uniform umed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Iernarea maz\u0103rii<\/h3>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea sunt legume anuale care nu pot ierna. Ciclul lor de via\u021b\u0103 se \u00eencheie odat\u0103 cu \u00eenghe\u021bul de toamn\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u0103un\u0103tori \u0219i boli comune<\/h3>\n\n<p>Maz\u0103rea poate fi afectat\u0103 de diver\u0219i d\u0103un\u0103tori \u0219i boli, inclusiv afide, g\u0103rg\u0103ri\u021be, ofilirea fusarium, f\u0103inare \u0219i putregaiul r\u0103d\u0103cinilor.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Afide \u0219i g\u0103rg\u0103ri\u021be<\/strong>: Controla\u021bi infest\u0103rile cu s\u0103pun insecticid.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Boli fungice<\/strong>: Utiliza\u021bi soiuri rezistente, practica\u021bi rota\u021bia culturilor \u0219i evita\u021bi udarea excesiv\u0103 pentru a preveni bolile fungice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente (\u00ceF)<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>\u00ce: Maz\u0103rea zah\u0103r are nevoie s\u0103 se ca\u021bere?<\/strong>R: Da, vi\u021bele de maz\u0103re au nevoie de o spalier\u0103 sau un suport pentru a cre\u0219te deasupra solului.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u00ce: \u00cen ce lun\u0103 se planteaz\u0103 maz\u0103rea zah\u0103r?<\/strong>R: Momentul optim de plantare depinde de clima dumneavoastr\u0103. \u00cen climatele calde, planta\u021bi \u00eenc\u0103 din februarie, \u00een timp ce \u00een climatele reci, aprilie este o perioad\u0103 potrivit\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u00ce: C\u00e2t timp cre\u0219te maz\u0103rea zah\u0103r?<\/strong>R: Maz\u0103rea zah\u0103r dureaz\u0103 de obicei aproximativ dou\u0103 luni de la plantare p\u00e2n\u0103 la recoltare.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cum s\u0103 cultiv\u0103m \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eengrijim maz\u0103rea: Un ghid complet Plantarea maz\u0103rei Momentul: Maz\u0103rea se dezvolt\u0103 \u00een condi\u021bii r\u0103coroase, de \u00eenceput de prim\u0103var\u0103. Sem\u0103na\u021bi semin\u021bele direct \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103 de \u00eendat\u0103&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[10584,8932,8848,15161,10382],"class_list":["post-11198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gardening","tag-growing-food","tag-vegetable-gardening","tag-gardening","tag-snap-peas","tag-homegrown-produce"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11198"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11199,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11198\/revisions\/11199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}