\u00cen 2016, cercet\u0103torii au descoperit o abilitate remarcabil\u0103 la un pe\u0219te orb de pe\u0219ter\u0103 cunoscut sub numele de pe\u0219tele-\u00eenger de pe\u0219ter\u0103. Aceast\u0103 specie unic\u0103 poate merge pe uscat ca o salamandr\u0103, folosindu-\u0219i toate cele patru membre.<\/p>\n\n
Secretul pe\u0219telui-\u00eenger de pe\u0219ter\u0103 const\u0103 \u00een anatomia sa neobi\u0219nuit\u0103. O tomografie computerizat\u0103 a dezv\u0103luit c\u0103 are un bazin \u0219i o coloan\u0103 vertebral\u0103 similare cu cele ale animalelor terestre, oferind o idee despre cum ar fi putut evolua str\u0103mo\u0219ii no\u0219tri acvatici pentru a merge pe uscat.<\/p>\n\n
Acum, cercet\u0103torii au descoperit c\u0103 cel pu\u021bin alte zece specii de cobiti\u0219i de munte, rudele pe\u0219telui-\u00eenger de pe\u0219ter\u0103, \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc aceea\u0219i anatomie ciudat\u0103 \u0219i ar putea fi capabili s\u0103 mearg\u0103 \u0219i ei pe uscat.<\/p>\n\n
Folosind tomografii computerizate \u0219i analize ADN, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au comparat anatomia a 30 de specii de cobiti\u0219i de munte. Au descoperit c\u0103 zece specii aveau aceea\u0219i conexiune robust\u0103 \u00eentre structurile lor pelviene \u0219i coloana vertebral\u0103 ca pe\u0219tele-\u00eenger de pe\u0219ter\u0103.<\/p>\n\n
\u00cen mod interesant, cercet\u0103torii au stabilit c\u0103 bazinul puternic a evoluat probabil de mai multe ori \u00een familia cobiti\u0219ilor de munte, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t s\u0103 fie transmis de la un singur str\u0103mo\u0219. Acest lucru sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 abilitatea de a merge pe uscat a evoluat independent la diferite specii care se confrunt\u0103 cu presiuni de mediu similare.<\/p>\n\n
Pe\u0219tele-\u00eenger de pe\u0219ter\u0103 \u0219i rudele sale folosesc un mers unic cu patru \u00eenot\u0103toare pentru a merge pe uscat. Spre deosebire de al\u021bi pe\u0219ti, care \u00ee\u0219i folosesc \u00eenot\u0103toarele frontale ca ni\u0219te c\u00e2rje sau \u00ee\u0219i mi\u0219c\u0103 corpul, ace\u0219ti pe\u0219ti au o conexiune osoas\u0103 \u00eentre coloana vertebral\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenot\u0103toarele pelviene, ceea ce le permite s\u0103-\u0219i sus\u021bin\u0103 greutatea \u0219i s\u0103 se mi\u0219te eficient pe uscat.<\/p>\n\n
Bazinul robust \u0219i conexiunea puternic\u0103 cu coloana vertebral\u0103 ofer\u0103 suportul structural necesar pentru mersul terestru. Aceste adapt\u0103ri permit pe\u0219telui s\u0103 urce pe cascade \u0219i s\u0103 acceseze diferite p\u0103r\u021bi ale ecosistemului s\u0103u de p\u00e2r\u00e2u din pe\u0219ter\u0103.<\/p>\n\n
Cercet\u0103torii cred c\u0103 studiind mecanica modului \u00een care ace\u0219ti pe\u0219ti merg, pot ob\u021bine informa\u021bii despre cum ar fi putut merge animalele timpurii disp\u0103rute. De-a lungul istoriei evolutive, organismele au evoluat \u00een mod repetat morfologii similare ca r\u0103spuns la presiuni de mediu similare.<\/p>\n\n
\u00cen\u021beleg\u00e2nd adapt\u0103rile anatomice \u0219i c\u0103ile evolutive ale acestor pe\u0219ti care merg, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 pot reconstitui mai bine locomo\u021bia speciilor disp\u0103rute \u0219i pot pune cap la cap puzzle-ul evolu\u021biei vertebratelor.<\/p>\n\n
Echipa de cercet\u0103tori \u00ee\u0219i continu\u0103 studiile asupra acestor pe\u0219ti fascinan\u021bi. Au colectat exemplare suplimentare \u0219i folosesc videoclipuri de mare vitez\u0103 pentru a surprinde locomo\u021bia unic\u0103 a cobiti\u0219ilor de munte.<\/p>\n\n
Cercet\u0103rile viitoare vor avea ca scop documentarea abilit\u0103\u021bilor de mers ale celor zece specii cu cele mai robuste structuri pelviene \u0219i explorarea factorilor de mediu care au determinat evolu\u021bia acestei tr\u0103s\u0103turi remarcabile.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pe\u0219tii-\u00eenger de pe\u0219ter\u0103 \u0219i cobiti\u0219ii de munte: minuni ambulante ale lumii acvatice Pe\u0219ti ciuda\u021bi cu un talent secret \u00cen 2016, cercet\u0103torii au descoperit o abilitate remarcabil\u0103 la un pe\u0219te orb…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[15842,136,15843,141,15844,7128],"class_list":["post-11714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-cave-angel-fish","tag-evolution","tag-hillstream-loaches","tag-natural-history","tag-terrestrial-locomotion","tag-walking-fish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11714"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24669,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11714\/revisions\/24669"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}