{"id":12135,"date":"2022-06-14T06:23:14","date_gmt":"2022-06-14T06:23:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12135"},"modified":"2022-06-14T06:23:14","modified_gmt":"2022-06-14T06:23:14","slug":"the-smithsonian-tiger-a-history-of-man-eating-and-conservation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/zoology\/the-smithsonian-tiger-a-history-of-man-eating-and-conservation\/","title":{"rendered":"Tigrul Regal Bengal de la Smithsonian: O istorie a antropofagiei \u0219i a conserv\u0103rii"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tigrul Regal Bengal de la Smithsonian: O istorie a antropofagiei \u015fi a conserv\u0103rii<\/h2>\n\n

Tigrul \u00een expozi\u0163ie<\/h2>\n\n

La Muzeul Na\u0163ional de Istorie Natural\u0103 al Smithsonian, un majestuos Tigru Regal Bengal sare prin aer, “simetria sa \u00eenfrico\u015f\u0103toare” fiind \u00eenghe\u0163at\u0103 \u00een mijlocul atacului. Aceast\u0103 bestie lung\u0103 de 11 picioare a fost c\u00e2ndva un notoriu m\u00e2nc\u0103tor de oameni p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd a fost ucis\u0103 de v\u00e2n\u0103torul de v\u00e2nat mare David Hasinger \u00een 1967.<\/p>\n\n

Tigrii m\u00e2nc\u0103tori de oameni: O problem\u0103 complex\u0103<\/h2>\n\n

Celebrul v\u00e2n\u0103tor Jim Corbett credea c\u0103 tigrii apeleaz\u0103 la antropofagie doar atunci c\u00e2nd sunt stresa\u0163i de circumstan\u0163e aflate \u00een afara controlului lor. Tigrul Smithsonian poate sau nu s\u0103 se potriveasc\u0103 acestui profil, deoarece istoricul s\u0103u exact este necunoscut. Cu toate acestea, este cert c\u0103 acest pr\u0103d\u0103tor de 857 de kilograme nu era fl\u0103m\u00e2nd c\u00e2nd Hasinger l-a ucis.<\/p>\n\n

M\u00e2nc\u0103torul de oameni din Champawat<\/h2>\n\n

Experien\u0163ele lui Corbett \u00een v\u00e2n\u0103toarea tigrilor m\u00e2nc\u0103tori de oameni din India ofer\u0103 o perspectiv\u0103 asupra complexit\u0103\u0163ii acestui comportament. Un astfel de tigru, cunoscut sub numele de m\u00e2nc\u0103torul de oameni din Champawat, omor\u00e2se 436 de oameni \u00eenainte ca Corbett s\u0103-l urm\u0103reasc\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103-l \u00eempu\u015fte. Corbett sus\u0163inea c\u0103 din\u0163ii s\u0103i rup\u0163i \u00eel \u00eempiedicau s\u0103-\u015fi prind\u0103 prada natural\u0103 \u015fi l-au determinat s\u0103 devin\u0103 m\u00e2nc\u0103tor de oameni.<\/p>\n\n

Schimbarea expozi\u0163iei Smithsonian<\/h2>\n\n

Dup\u0103 ce Hasinger a donat tigrul m\u00e2nc\u0103tor de oameni Smithsonian \u00een 1969, acesta a fost ini\u0163ial expus cu un cerb axis fugind \u00een fa\u0163a lui. Cu toate acestea, \u00eengrijor\u0103rile cu privire la reprezentarea agresivit\u0103\u0163ii tigrului au dus la \u00eendep\u0103rtarea cerbului \u00een 1976.<\/p>\n\n

Declinul tigrilor la nivel mondial<\/h2>\n\n

P\u00e2n\u0103 la \u00eenceputul anilor 1970, popula\u0163iile de tigri erau deja \u00een declin. V\u00e2n\u0103toarea excesiv\u0103, pierderea habitatului \u015fi braconajul pentru bl\u0103nuri \u015fi p\u0103r\u0163i ale tigrului au contribuit toate la aceast\u0103 tendin\u0163\u0103 alarmant\u0103. Ast\u0103zi, se estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 au mai r\u0103mas doar 5.000 de tigri \u00een s\u0103lb\u0103ticie, \u00een sc\u0103dere de la 100.000 la \u00eenceputul secolului.<\/p>\n\n

Conflictul om-tigru: O perspectiv\u0103 istoric\u0103<\/h2>\n\n

Din punct de vedere istoric, oamenii \u015fi tigrii au concurat pentru hran\u0103 \u015fi resurse. De\u015fi tigrii nu \u00eei v\u0103d \u00een mod inerent pe oameni ca pe o prad\u0103, \u00eei pot considera drept concuren\u0163i. \u00cen unele regiuni, tigrii au devenit pr\u0103d\u0103tori obi\u015fnui\u0163i ai oamenilor, cum ar fi \u00een mla\u015ftinile de mangrove Sunderbans de la grani\u0163a dintre India \u015fi Bangladesh.<\/p>\n\n

Importan\u0163a conserv\u0103rii<\/h2>\n\n

Protejarea habitatului tigrilor este crucial\u0103 pentru supravie\u0163uirea lor. \u00cen ciuda eforturilor de conservare precum Opera\u0163iunea Tigru, tigrii continu\u0103 s\u0103 se confrunte cu numeroase amenin\u0163\u0103ri. Fondul Save the Tiger, lansat de Exxon Corporation \u015fi National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, \u00ee\u015fi propune s\u0103 abordeze aceste provoc\u0103ri.<\/p>\n\n

Viitorul tigrilor<\/h2>\n\n

De\u015fi perspectivele de a observa tigri s\u0103lbatici scad, pove\u015ftile lor tr\u0103iesc mai departe \u00een min\u0163ile noastre. Expozi\u0163ia cu tigri a Smithsonian, acum reunit\u0103 cu cerbul axis, serve\u015fte ca o reamintire a necesit\u0103\u0163ii conserv\u0103rii. \u00cen\u0163eleg\u00e2nd rela\u0163ia complex\u0103 dintre oameni \u015fi tigri, putem lucra pentru un viitor \u00een care ambele specii pot coexista pa\u015fnic.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tigrul Regal Bengal de la Smithsonian: O istorie a antropofagiei \u015fi a conserv\u0103rii Tigrul \u00een expozi\u0163ie La Muzeul Na\u0163ional de Istorie Natural\u0103 al Smithsonian, un majestuos Tigru Regal Bengal sare…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[254,16403,401,5932,16402],"class_list":["post-12135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wildlife","tag-man-eating","tag-conservation","tag-smithsonian","tag-tiger"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12135"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12136,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12135\/revisions\/12136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}