{"id":13697,"date":"2022-11-21T17:43:38","date_gmt":"2022-11-21T17:43:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13697"},"modified":"2022-11-21T17:43:38","modified_gmt":"2022-11-21T17:43:38","slug":"diy-invisibility-science-fiction-to-reality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/physics\/diy-invisibility-science-fiction-to-reality\/","title":{"rendered":"Invizibilitate: de la science fiction la realitate"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Invizibilitate: de la science fiction la realitate<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u0103utarea invizibilit\u0103\u021bii<\/h3>\n\n<p>De secole, ideea de invizibilitate a captivat imagina\u021bia uman\u0103, inspir\u00e2nd nenum\u0103rate pove\u0219ti despre spioni, supereroi \u0219i creaturi magice. De\u0219i adev\u0103ratele mantii ale invizibilit\u0103\u021bii ar putea fi \u00eenc\u0103 un vis \u00eendep\u0103rtat, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au f\u0103cut progrese semnificative \u00een dezvoltarea de materiale \u0219i dispozitive care pot face obiectele s\u0103 par\u0103 invizibile pentru ochiul uman.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0218tiin\u021ba invizibilit\u0103\u021bii<\/h3>\n\n<p>Invizibilitatea func\u021bioneaz\u0103 prin manipularea modului \u00een care lumina interac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu obiectele. C\u00e2nd lumina love\u0219te un obiect, o parte din lumin\u0103 este absorbit\u0103, o parte este reflectat\u0103, iar o parte trece prin el. Indicele de refrac\u021bie al unui material determin\u0103 c\u00e2t de mult se \u00eendoaie lumina atunci c\u00e2nd trece prin el. Prin potrivirea indicelui de refrac\u021bie al unui obiect cu cel al \u00eemprejurimilor sale, este posibil ca obiectul s\u0103 devin\u0103 invizibil.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Metamateriale \u0219i optic\u0103 transforma\u021bional\u0103<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u00cen ultimii ani, cercet\u0103torii au dezvoltat materiale avansate cunoscute sub numele de metamateriale \u0219i optic\u0103 transforma\u021bional\u0103 care pot manipula lumina \u00een moduri f\u0103r\u0103 precedent. Aceste materiale pot \u00eendoi, focaliza \u0219i chiar anula lumina, permi\u021b\u00e2nd crearea de dispozitive care pot face obiectele invizibile.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Invizibilitate DIY<\/h3>\n\n<p>De\u0219i mantiile de invizibilitate high-tech sunt \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een curs de dezvoltare, exist\u0103 o modalitate simpl\u0103 \u0219i ieftin\u0103 de a face obiecte mici invizibile acas\u0103. Aceast\u0103 tehnic\u0103, demonstrat\u0103 de Ross Exton la Centrul \u0218tiin\u021bific At-Bristol, implic\u0103 scufundarea obiectului \u00eentr-un lichid cu un indice de refrac\u021bie care se potrive\u0219te cu indicele de refrac\u021bie al obiectului.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lichid \u0219i \u00eendoirea luminii<\/h3>\n\n<p>Diferite lichide au indici de refrac\u021bie diferi\u021bi. De exemplu, apa are un indice de refrac\u021bie de 1,33, \u00een timp ce glicerina are un indice de refrac\u021bie de 1,47. Aleg\u00e2nd un lichid cu indicele de refrac\u021bie corect, este posibil s\u0103 faci un obiect s\u0103 dispar\u0103 din vedere.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aplica\u021bii practice<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tehnologia de invizibilitate are poten\u021bialul pentru o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de aplica\u021bii practice, inclusiv:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Militare:<\/strong> M\u0103\u0219tile de invizibilitate ar putea fi folosite pentru camuflarea solda\u021bilor \u0219i a vehiculelor, f\u0103c\u00e2ndu-le practic nedetectabile de c\u0103tre for\u021bele inamice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Medicale:<\/strong> Dispozitivele invizibile ar putea fi folosite pentru chirurgia minim invaziv\u0103, permi\u021b\u00e2nd medicilor s\u0103 efectueze proceduri f\u0103r\u0103 a face incizii mari.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Divertisment:<\/strong> Tehnologia de invizibilitate ar putea fi folosit\u0103 pentru a crea experien\u021be imersive \u0219i interactive \u00een parcuri tematice \u0219i muzee.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Viitorul invizibilit\u0103\u021bii<\/h3>\n\n<p>Domeniul cercet\u0103rii invizibilit\u0103\u021bii evolueaz\u0103 rapid, cu noi materiale \u0219i dispozitive dezvoltate \u00een permanen\u021b\u0103. De\u0219i adev\u0103ratele mantii de invizibilitate ar putea fi \u00eenc\u0103 la c\u00e2\u021biva ani distan\u021b\u0103, progresele realizate p\u00e2n\u0103 acum ne-au adus mai aproape de ziua \u00een care vom putea cu adev\u0103rat s\u0103 disp\u0103rem din vedere.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Informa\u021bii suplimentare<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pentru mai multe informa\u021bii despre \u0219tiin\u021ba invizibilit\u0103\u021bii, vizita\u021bi site-ul web al Centrului \u0218tiin\u021bific At-Bristol: <a href=\"www.at-bristol.org.uk\/science-explained\/physics\/how-to-make-things-invisible\/\">www.at-bristol.org.uk\/science-explained\/physics\/how-to-make-things-invisible\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Pentru a viziona demonstra\u021bia lui Ross Exton despre invizibilitate folosind lichide, vizita\u021bi videoclipul de pe YouTube: <a href=\"www.youtube.com\/watch?v=X5H-q2g_gWA\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=X5H-q2g_gWA<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Pentru a afla mai multe despre metamateriale \u0219i optic\u0103 transforma\u021bional\u0103, vizita\u021bi urm\u0103toarele resurse:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/engineering\/metamaterial\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Metamateriale: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/engineering\/metamaterial<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rp-photonics.com\/transformation_optics.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Optic\u0103 transforma\u021bional\u0103: https:\/\/www.rp-photonics.com\/transformation_optics.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Invizibilitate: de la science fiction la realitate C\u0103utarea invizibilit\u0103\u021bii De secole, ideea de invizibilitate a captivat imagina\u021bia uman\u0103, inspir\u00e2nd nenum\u0103rate pove\u0219ti despre spioni, supereroi \u0219i creaturi magice. De\u0219i adev\u0103ratele mantii&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[965],"tags":[99,1761,18426,16338,157,97,18427],"class_list":["post-13697","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics","tag-lifescienceart","tag-diy","tag-invisibility","tag-metamaterials","tag-science-fiction","tag-science","tag-transformation-optics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13697","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13697"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13697\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13698,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13697\/revisions\/13698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13697"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13697"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13697"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}