{"id":13838,"date":"2024-07-02T20:00:27","date_gmt":"2024-07-02T20:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13838"},"modified":"2024-07-02T20:00:27","modified_gmt":"2024-07-02T20:00:27","slug":"science-reading-habits-political-polarization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/science-and-society\/science-reading-habits-political-polarization\/","title":{"rendered":"Liberali \u0219i conservatori: Dou\u0103 lumi diferite \u00een lectura \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Liberalii \u0219i conservatorii citesc c\u0103r\u021bi de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 foarte diferite<\/h2>\n\n

Polarizarea politic\u0103 \u00een obiceiurile de cump\u0103rare a c\u0103r\u021bilor<\/h2>\n\n

O cercetare realizat\u0103 de James Evans, sociolog la Universitatea din Chicago, \u0219i Michael Macy, cercet\u0103tor \u00een domeniul \u0219tiin\u021bei sociale computa\u021bionale la Universitatea Cornell, a scos la iveal\u0103 o diviziune clar\u0103 \u00een preferin\u021bele de lectur\u0103 \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 ale liberalilor \u0219i conservatorilor.<\/p>\n\n

Metodologie<\/h2>\n\n

Evans \u0219i Macy au analizat datele de cump\u0103rare a c\u0103r\u021bilor de pe Amazon.com \u0219i Barnes and Noble, care reprezint\u0103 peste jum\u0103tate din pia\u021ba global\u0103 a c\u0103r\u021bilor. Au utilizat func\u021biile de recomandare de c\u0103r\u021bi de pe aceste site-uri web pentru a construi o vast\u0103 re\u021bea de c\u0103r\u021bi \u0219tiin\u021bifice legate \u00eentre ele \u0219i de peste 1.000 de c\u0103r\u021bi conservatoare \u0219i liberale.<\/p>\n\n

Principalele descoperiri<\/h2>\n\n

Studiul a constatat c\u0103 liberalii \u0219i conservatorii nu numai c\u0103 au opinii diferite cu privire la problemele \u0219tiin\u021bifice, dar citesc \u0219i c\u0103r\u021bi \u0219tiin\u021bifice complet diferite. Cititorii liberali au ales \u00een principal c\u0103r\u021bi despre discipline \u0219tiin\u021bifice de baz\u0103, precum antropologia, \u00een timp ce cititorii conservatori s-au orientat c\u0103tre c\u0103r\u021bi despre discipline \u0219tiin\u021bifice aplicate, precum medicina.<\/p>\n\n

Impactul polariz\u0103rii<\/h2>\n\n

Aceast\u0103 polarizare \u00een obiceiurile de cump\u0103rare a c\u0103r\u021bilor are implica\u021bii semnificative asupra percep\u021biei publice a \u0219tiin\u021bei \u0219i asupra produc\u021biei \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u00een sine. Evans \u00ee\u0219i exprim\u0103 \u00eengrijorarea c\u0103 aceast\u0103 diviziune ar putea perpetua p\u0103rtinirile \u00een cercetarea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103, deoarece oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 ar putea concepe \u00een mod incon\u0219tient studii pentru a confirma rezultate care sunt \u00een concordan\u021b\u0103 cu convingerile lor politice.<\/p>\n\n

Polarizarea disciplinar\u0103<\/h2>\n\n

Studiul a identificat mai multe domenii \u0219tiin\u021bifice care au prezentat cele mai ridicate niveluri de polarizare, inclusiv climatologia, \u0219tiin\u021bele mediului, \u0219tiin\u021bele sociale \u0219i economia. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 a existat o suprapunere minim\u0103 \u00eentre c\u0103r\u021bile de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 a climei achizi\u021bionate de liberali \u0219i cele achizi\u021bionate de conservatori, ceea ce indic\u0103 o divergen\u021b\u0103 semnificativ\u0103 \u00een \u00een\u021belegerea lor cu privire la aceste subiecte.<\/p>\n\n

Rolul silozurilor de informa\u021bii<\/h2>\n\n

James Druckman, politolog la Universitatea Northwestern, subliniaz\u0103 rolul silozurilor de informa\u021bii \u00een consolidarea acestei polariz\u0103ri. Persoanele tind s\u0103 se asocieze cu surse media \u0219i persoane care le \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc opiniile politice, ceea ce le \u00eent\u0103re\u0219te convingerile preexistente. Acest lucru poate \u00eempiedica capacitatea \u0219tiin\u021bei de a informa dezbaterile politice.<\/p>\n\n

Reducerea decalajului<\/h2>\n\n

Evans subliniaz\u0103 necesitatea de a reduce decalajul \u0219tiin\u021bific dintre diferitele ideologii politice. El sugereaz\u0103 examinarea algoritmilor de recomandare a c\u0103r\u021bilor pentru a se asigura c\u0103 nu consolideaz\u0103 camerele de ecou, \u00eencuraj\u00e2nd oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 s\u0103 comunice opinii consensuale \u00een domeniile lor \u0219i cre\u00e2nd forumuri pentru ca persoanele cu diverse opinii politice s\u0103 discute despre \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n

Abordarea motiva\u021biilor<\/h2>\n\n

Toby Bolsen, politolog la Universitatea de Stat din Georgia, avertizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 studiul nu a explorat motiva\u021biile din spatele deciziilor de cump\u0103rare a c\u0103r\u021bilor ale indivizilor. \u00cen\u021belegerea acestor motiva\u021bii ar oferi informa\u021bii valoroase despre factorii care determin\u0103 polarizarea \u00een obiceiurile de lectur\u0103 \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103.<\/p>\n\n

Importan\u021ba \u00een\u021belegerii comune<\/h2>\n\n

Evans consider\u0103 c\u0103 este esen\u021bial ca societatea s\u0103 fac\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 provoc\u0103rii polariz\u0103rii \u0219tiin\u021bifice. Promovarea unei \u00een\u021belegeri comune a \u0219tiin\u021bei este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru o democra\u021bie s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103. Prin \u00eencurajarea dialogului deschis \u0219i a accesului la perspective diverse, putem permite \u0219tiin\u021bei s\u0103 fie o resurs\u0103 valoroas\u0103 pentru to\u021bi cet\u0103\u021benii, indiferent de afilierile lor politice.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Liberalii \u0219i conservatorii citesc c\u0103r\u021bi de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 foarte diferite Polarizarea politic\u0103 \u00een obiceiurile de cump\u0103rare a c\u0103r\u021bilor O cercetare realizat\u0103 de James Evans, sociolog la Universitatea din Chicago, \u0219i Michael…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23765,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18612],"tags":[160,18610,18609,18608,18611],"class_list":["post-13838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-and-society","tag-science-communication","tag-public-understanding-of-science","tag-book-buying-habits","tag-political-polarization","tag-information-silos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13838","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13838"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13838\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13839,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13838\/revisions\/13839"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23765"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13838"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13838"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13838"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}