{"id":15061,"date":"2021-04-14T10:11:25","date_gmt":"2021-04-14T10:11:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15061"},"modified":"2021-04-14T10:11:25","modified_gmt":"2021-04-14T10:11:25","slug":"scientists-aim-to-reach-earths-mantle-for-the-first-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/earth-science\/scientists-aim-to-reach-earths-mantle-for-the-first-time\/","title":{"rendered":"Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 pornesc \u00eentr-o c\u0103l\u0103torie f\u0103r\u0103 precedent: forarea spre mantaua P\u0103m\u00e2ntului"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i propun s\u0103 ajung\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 la mantaua P\u0103m\u00e2ntului<\/h2>\n\n<p>Una dintre cele mai ambi\u021bioase \u00eencerc\u0103ri \u0219tiin\u021bifice din istorie este \u00een desf\u0103\u0219urare, \u00eentruc\u00e2t oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 de la Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) pl\u0103nuiesc s\u0103 foreze 3,7 mile p\u00e2n\u0103 la mantaua P\u0103m\u00e2ntului. Aceast\u0103 misiune f\u0103r\u0103 precedent are ca scop aducerea \u00eenapoi a unor e\u0219antioane de roc\u0103 din manta pentru prima dat\u0103, oferind oamenilor de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 noi perspective asupra interiorului planetei.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mantaua P\u0103m\u00e2ntului: un strat misterios<\/h3>\n\n<p>Mantaua P\u0103m\u00e2ntului este un strat de roc\u0103 semi-topit\u0103 situat sub crust\u0103. Acesta reprezint\u0103 peste 84% din volumul planetei \u0219i este responsabil pentru declan\u0219area multor procese geologice care ne modeleaz\u0103 lumea, precum cutremurele \u0219i vulcanii. Cu toate acestea, \u00een ciuda importan\u021bei sale, \u0219tim foarte pu\u021bine despre manta.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Provoc\u0103rile for\u0103rii spre manta<\/h3>\n\n<p>Forarea spre manta este o sarcin\u0103 incredibil de dificil\u0103. C\u0103ldura \u0219i presiunea extreme de la asemenea ad\u00e2ncimi \u00eengreuneaz\u0103 p\u0103trunderea v\u00e2rfurilor de foraj \u00een roc\u0103. \u00cen plus, gaura trebuie s\u0103 fie extrem de \u00eengust\u0103, ceea ce face dificil\u0103 recuperarea e\u0219antioanelor de roc\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Planul IODP<\/h3>\n\n<p>Echipa IODP pl\u0103nuie\u0219te s\u0103 foreze prin fundul Oceanului Pacific, unde crusta este cea mai sub\u021bire. Vor folosi nava de foraj Chikyu, care este echipat\u0103 cu v\u00e2rfuri de foraj din carbur\u0103 de tungsten care pot m\u0103cina roca dur\u0103. Se estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 proiectul va costa cel pu\u021bin 1 miliard de dolari \u0219i va dura probabil ani de zile.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Importan\u021ba misiunii<\/h3>\n\n<p>Dac\u0103 va avea succes, aceast\u0103 misiune va revolu\u021biona \u00een\u021belegerea noastr\u0103 asupra mantalei P\u0103m\u00e2ntului. Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 vor putea studia e\u0219antioanele de roc\u0103 din manta direct, oferind noi perspective asupra compozi\u021biei, structurii \u0219i dinamicii acesteia. Aceste cuno\u0219tin\u021be ne vor ajuta s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem mai bine cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 P\u0103m\u00e2ntul \u0219i ar putea duce la noi descoperiri \u00een domenii precum geofizica \u0219i geologia.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inspirarea unei noi genera\u021bii de oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103<\/h3>\n\n<p>Dincolo de semnifica\u021bia sa \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103, aceast\u0103 misiune are, de asemenea, poten\u021bialul de a inspira o nou\u0103 genera\u021bie de oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103. Asemenea misiunilor Apollo ale NASA \u0219i mai recentului rover Curiosity, acest proiect ambi\u021bios ar putea captiva imagina\u021bia tinerilor \u0219i i-ar putea \u00eencuraja s\u0103 urmeze cariere \u00een \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Progresele \u0219i provoc\u0103rile forajului<\/h3>\n\n<p>Echipa IODP a stabilit deja un record mondial for\u00e2nd aproape 7.000 de picioare sub fundul m\u0103rii \u00een largul coastelor Japoniei. Cu toate acestea, ei mai au mult de parcurs p\u00e2n\u0103 s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la manta. Echipa va trebui s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 o serie de provoc\u0103ri, inclusiv:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u0103ldura \u0219i presiunea extreme de la asemenea ad\u00e2ncimi<\/li>\n<li>Necesitatea de a \u00eenlocui frecvent v\u00e2rfurile de foraj<\/li>\n<li>\u00cengustimea g\u0103urii<\/li>\n<li>Dificultatea de a recupera e\u0219antioanele de roc\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recompensa poten\u021bial\u0103<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u00cen ciuda provoc\u0103rilor, recompensa poten\u021bial\u0103 a acestei misiuni este enorm\u0103. Studiind e\u0219antioanele de roc\u0103 din manta, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 ar putea ob\u021bine noi perspective asupra:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Compozi\u021biei \u0219i structurii mantalei<\/li>\n<li>Dinamicii mantalei \u0219i rolului s\u0103u \u00een declan\u0219area proceselor geologice<\/li>\n<li>Istoriei P\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u0219i form\u0103rii sistemului solar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Aceste cuno\u0219tin\u021be ar putea duce la noi descoperiri \u00eentr-o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de domenii \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u0219i ne-ar ajuta s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem mai bine planeta noastr\u0103 \u0219i locul s\u0103u \u00een univers.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i propun s\u0103 ajung\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 la mantaua P\u0103m\u00e2ntului Una dintre cele mai ambi\u021bioase \u00eencerc\u0103ri \u0219tiin\u021bifice din istorie este \u00een desf\u0103\u0219urare, \u00eentruc\u00e2t oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 de&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[564,207,97,342,572],"class_list":["post-15061","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-exploration","tag-geology","tag-science","tag-life-science","tag-earth-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15061","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15061"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15061\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15062,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15061\/revisions\/15062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15061"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15061"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15061"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}