Bogata istorie a Puerto Rico a \u00eenceput \u00een 1493, c\u00e2nd Cristofor Columb, renumitul explorator, a debarcat pe \u021b\u0103rmurile sale. Ini\u021bial numit\u0103 San Juan Bautista, abunden\u021ba de aur a insulei a dus la redenumirea sa \u00een Puerto Rico, care \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201eport bogat\u201d. Capitala a mo\u0219tenit numele San Juan. Sub st\u0103p\u00e2nirea spaniol\u0103, Puerto Rico a devenit o fort\u0103rea\u021b\u0103 militar\u0103 strategic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n
Ca o colonie spaniol\u0103, Puerto Rico a devenit un creuzet de culturi. Importul de sclavi din Africa a adus influen\u021be africane pe insul\u0103. De asemenea, popula\u021bia indigen\u0103 ta\u00edno \u0219i carib\u0103 \u0219i-a l\u0103sat amprenta, rezult\u00e2nd \u00eentr-o popula\u021bie divers\u0103 cu o bogat\u0103 mo\u0219tenire cultural\u0103. Multe ora\u0219e din Puerto Rico \u00eenc\u0103 poart\u0103 nume ta\u00edno, precum Utuado, Mayag\u00fcez \u0219i Caguas.<\/p>\n\n
\u00cen ciuda numeroaselor \u00eencerc\u0103ri ale francezilor, olandezilor \u0219i englezilor de a cuceri Puerto Rico, st\u0103p\u00e2nirea spaniol\u0103 a persistat p\u00e2n\u0103 la r\u0103zboiul hispano-american din 1898. For\u021bele americane au invadat insula \u0219i, \u00een temeiul Tratatului de la Paris, Spania a cedat Puerto Rico Statelor Unite \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Cuba, Filipine \u0219i Guam.<\/p>\n\n
Sub suveranitatea american\u0103, economia Puerto Rico a cunoscut o schimbare semnificativ\u0103 de la produc\u021bia de zah\u0103r la industrializare. Opera\u021biunea Bootstrap, un ambi\u021bios program de dezvoltare economic\u0103, a atras companii americane cu for\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103 ieftin\u0103 \u0219i legi fiscale favorabile. Industria manufacturier\u0103 \u0219i turismul au devenit pilonii economiei portoricane, duc\u00e2nd la produc\u021bia de echipamente de \u00eenalt\u0103 tehnologie \u0219i produse farmaceutice de top.<\/p>\n\n
\u00cen 1917, portoricanilor li s-a acordat cet\u0103\u021benia american\u0103, iar \u00een 1952, insula a devenit oficial un stat asociat al SUA. Cu toate acestea, problema statutului politic r\u0103m\u00e2ne un subiect de dezbatere continu\u0103, unii pled\u00e2nd pentru statutul de stat, al\u021bii pentru independen\u021b\u0103, iar al\u021bii pentru continuarea statutului de stat asociat.<\/p>\n\n
\u00cen timpul celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial, marina american\u0103 a achizi\u021bionat dou\u0103 treimi din insul\u0103 pentru a o folosi ca baz\u0103 naval\u0103. Marina a efectuat exerci\u021bii militare \u0219i antrenamente de bombardament timp de aproape 60 de ani, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd moartea accidental\u0103 a unui civil \u00een timpul unui exerci\u021biu de bombardament a st\u00e2rnit proteste \u0219i, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, a dus la \u00eenchiderea bazei \u00een 2003. Ast\u0103zi, fostele terenuri ale marinei au fost transformate \u00een rezerva\u021bii naturale.<\/p>\n\n
Spaniola \u0219i engleza sunt limbile oficiale ale Puerto Rico, reflect\u00e2nd leg\u0103turile istorice \u0219i culturale ale insulei at\u00e2t cu Spania, c\u00e2t \u0219i cu Statele Unite. Dolarul american este moneda oficial\u0103.<\/p>\n\n
Puerto Rico a devenit o destina\u021bie turistic\u0103 de top, m\u00e2ndrindu-se cu plaje frumoase, p\u0103duri tropicale luxuriante \u0219i ora\u0219e vibrante. Bogata istorie \u0219i mo\u0219tenire cultural\u0103 a insulei, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu frumuse\u021bea sa natural\u0103, o fac o destina\u021bie atractiv\u0103 pentru c\u0103l\u0103torii din \u00eentreaga lume.<\/p>\n\n
Istoria Puerto Rico este marcat\u0103 de amestecul de diferite culturi, luptele pentru independen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i autodeterminare \u0219i transform\u0103rile economice \u0219i sociale care au modelat identitatea unic\u0103 a insulei. Ca stat asociat al SUA, Puerto Rico continu\u0103 s\u0103-\u0219i defineasc\u0103 statutul politic \u0219i s\u0103-\u0219i croiasc\u0103 propriul drum \u00een secolul XXI.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Puerto Rico: O tapiserie de istorie \u0219i mo\u0219tenire Sosirea europenilor Bogata istorie a Puerto Rico a \u00eenceput \u00een 1493, c\u00e2nd Cristofor Columb, renumitul explorator, a debarcat pe \u021b\u0103rmurile sale. Ini\u021bial…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24507,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[63,116,27,2855,4036,5985,3350,21009,305,21010],"class_list":["post-15811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-culture","tag-diversity","tag-history","tag-manufacturing","tag-heritage","tag-pharmaceuticals","tag-puerto-rico","tag-spanish-colony","tag-tourism","tag-u-s-commonwealth"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15811"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15811\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24508,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15811\/revisions\/24508"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}