{"id":16454,"date":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16454"},"modified":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","slug":"unveiling-the-remarkable-journey-of-cats-how-feline-friends-spread-across-the-globe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/zoology\/unveiling-the-remarkable-journey-of-cats-how-feline-friends-spread-across-the-globe\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u0103l\u0103toria remarcabil\u0103 a pisicilor: Prietenii no\u0219tri felini de-a lungul secolelor"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u0103l\u0103toria remarcabil\u0103 a pisicilor: Cum s-au r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit prietenii felini \u00een \u00eentreaga lume<\/h2>\n\n

Dezv\u0103luirea ascenden\u021bei pisicilor prin analiza ADN<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

De secole, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au crezut c\u0103 pisicile au fost domesticit \u00een Egipt \u00een urm\u0103 cu aproximativ 4.000 de ani. Cu toate acestea, analizele inovatoare de ADN au contestat aceast\u0103 presupunere \u00eendelung sus\u021binut\u0103. \u00cen 2004, descoperirea unei \u00eenmorm\u00e2nt\u0103ri umane vechi de 9.500 de ani \u00een Cipru, care includea oase de pisic\u0103, a \u00eempins \u00eenapoi cronologia domestic\u0103rii pisicilor. Un alt studiu din 2014 a dezv\u0103luit \u00een continuare c\u0103 pisicile domestice au fost crescute \u00een Egiptul de Sus \u00een urm\u0103 cu 6.000 de ani.<\/p>\n\n

Aceste descoperiri, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu perspectivele cronologice furnizate de studiul cuprinz\u0103tor al cercet\u0103toarei Eva-Maria Geigl, contureaz\u0103 o imagine mai complex\u0103 a istoriei interconectate a oamenilor \u0219i a pisicilor.<\/p>\n\n

Prima und\u0103 de expansiune a pisicilor: O rela\u021bie simbiotic\u0103<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Prima und\u0103 de expansiune a pisicilor a coincis cu apari\u021bia agriculturii \u00een estul Mediteranei \u0219i \u00een Turcia, unde tr\u0103iau str\u0103mo\u0219ii s\u0103lbatici ai pisicilor domestice. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce oamenii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 depoziteze cereale, ei au atras \u00een mod neinten\u021bionat roz\u0103toare. Aceste roz\u0103toare, la r\u00e2ndul lor, au devenit o surs\u0103 de hran\u0103 pentru pisicile s\u0103lbatice. Fermierii timpurii au recunoscut beneficiile prezen\u021bei pisicilor \u00een controlul popula\u021biilor de roz\u0103toare \u0219i au \u00eencurajat prezen\u021ba lor, ceea ce a dus la domesticirea treptat\u0103 a pisicilor.<\/p>\n\n

A doua und\u0103 de expansiune a pisicilor: Navigatori \u0219i vikingi ca facilitatori felini<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

C\u00e2teva mii de ani mai t\u00e2rziu, a avut loc o a doua und\u0103 de expansiune a pisicilor. Echipa lui Geigl a descoperit c\u0103 pisicile cu o linie mitocondrial\u0103 din Egipt au \u00eenceput s\u0103 apar\u0103 \u00een Bulgaria, Turcia \u0219i Africa subsaharian\u0103 \u00eentre secolul al IV-lea \u00ee.Hr. \u0219i secolul al IV-lea d.Hr. Echipa consider\u0103 c\u0103 navigatorii ar fi putut \u00eencepe s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 pisici pe nave \u00een jurul acestei perioade pentru a controla roz\u0103toarele, r\u0103sp\u00e2ndindu-le \u00een mod neinten\u021bionat \u00een ora\u0219ele portuare \u00een timpul misiunilor comerciale.<\/p>\n\n

Prezen\u021ba unei pisici cu ADN mitocondrial egiptean \u00eentr-un sit viking din nordul Germaniei, dat\u00e2nd \u00eentre 700 \u0219i 1000 d.Hr., ofer\u0103 dovezi suplimentare ale acestei migra\u021bii maritime feline.<\/p>\n\n

Evolu\u021bia genetic\u0103 a pisicilor: Pisici tigrate \u0219i dincolo de ele<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Analiz\u00e2nd ADN-ul nuclear al unora dintre exemplare, echipa lui Geigl a stabilit c\u0103 muta\u021bia responsabil\u0103 pentru pisicile tigrate nu a avut loc p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een Evul Mediu. Aceast\u0103 descoperire adaug\u0103 un alt strat la \u00een\u021belegerea noastr\u0103 despre evolu\u021bia genetic\u0103 a pisicilor.<\/p>\n\n

Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce cercet\u0103torii continu\u0103 s\u0103 se ad\u00e2nceasc\u0103 \u00een alc\u0103tuirea genetic\u0103 a pisicilor, vor exista, f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, multe alte dezv\u0103luiri despre originile lor \u0219i despre rela\u021bia complex\u0103 pe care o \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc cu oamenii.<\/p>\n\n

Leg\u0103tura durabil\u0103 dintre oameni \u0219i pisici<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Istoria pisicilor \u0219i rela\u021bia lor cu oamenii este una lung\u0103 \u0219i multifa\u021betat\u0103. De la \u00eenceputurile lor modeste ca v\u00e2n\u0103tori de roz\u0103toare \u00een societ\u0103\u021bile agricole p\u00e2n\u0103 la prezen\u021ba lor r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 ca \u00eenso\u021bitori iubi\u021bi \u00een gospod\u0103riile moderne, pisicile au l\u0103sat o amprent\u0103 durabil\u0103 asupra istoriei umane.<\/p>\n\n

Cele mai recente analize ADN nu numai c\u0103 au iluminat cronologia domestic\u0103rii pisicilor, ci au eviden\u021biat \u0219i c\u0103l\u0103toria remarcabil\u0103 a acestor creaturi fascinante pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce s-au r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit \u00een \u00eentreaga lume, adapt\u00e2ndu-se la diferite medii \u0219i form\u00e2nd o leg\u0103tur\u0103 durabil\u0103 cu oamenii de-a lungul drumului.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u0103l\u0103toria remarcabil\u0103 a pisicilor: Cum s-au r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit prietenii felini \u00een \u00eentreaga lume Dezv\u0103luirea ascenden\u021bei pisicilor prin analiza ADN De secole, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au crezut c\u0103 pisicile au fost domesticit…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[3147,136,188,27,1707],"class_list":["post-16454","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-domestication","tag-evolution","tag-genetics","tag-history","tag-cats"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16454","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16454"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16455,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16454\/revisions\/16455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}