{"id":17350,"date":"2022-03-02T14:39:10","date_gmt":"2022-03-02T14:39:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17350"},"modified":"2022-03-02T14:39:10","modified_gmt":"2022-03-02T14:39:10","slug":"ancient-skeletons-reveal-genetic-history-of-central-europe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/archaeology\/ancient-skeletons-reveal-genetic-history-of-central-europe\/","title":{"rendered":"Scheletele str\u0103vechi dezv\u0103luie povestea ascenden\u021bei europene"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Schelete antice dezv\u0103luie tapiseria genetic\u0103 a Europei Centrale<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ADN-ul din oasele str\u0103vechi face lumin\u0103 asupra ascenden\u021bei europene<\/h2>\n\n<p>Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au deblocat o comoar\u0103 genetic\u0103 din oasele scheletelor antice, dezv\u0103luind istoria complex\u0103 a migra\u021biilor umane \u00een Europa Central\u0103. Analiz\u00e2nd ADN-ul mitocondrial, care este transmis de la mam\u0103 la copil, cercet\u0103torii au reconstituit o cronologie genetic\u0103 ce se \u00eentinde pe o perioad\u0103 de la 7.500 la 3.500 de ani \u00een urm\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Migra\u021bii multiple au modelat diversitatea genetic\u0103 a Europei<\/h2>\n\n<p>Contrar convingerilor anterioare, diversitatea genetic\u0103 a europenilor moderni nu poate fi atribuit\u0103 unui singur eveniment de migra\u021bie. \u00cen schimb, multiple valuri de migra\u021bie din diverse regiuni au modelat compozi\u021bia genetic\u0103 a Europei Centrale.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fermieri neolitici \u0219i v\u00e2n\u0103tori-culeg\u0103tori<\/h2>\n\n<p>Prima schimbare genetic\u0103 major\u0103 a avut loc \u00een jurul anului 5.500 \u00ee.Hr., odat\u0103 cu sosirea fermierilor neolitici din Orientul Apropiat. Acest aflux de fermieri a adus noi practici agricole \u0219i a \u00eenlocuit stilul de via\u021b\u0103 al v\u00e2n\u0103torilor-culeg\u0103tori care dominase regiunea.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Migra\u021bii ulterioare din est \u0219i vest<\/h2>\n\n<p>Cu toate acestea, cronologia genetic\u0103 dezv\u0103luie, de asemenea, migra\u021bii ulterioare at\u00e2t din est (actualele Letonia, Lituania, Republica Ceh\u0103 etc.), c\u00e2t \u0219i din vest (Peninsula Iberic\u0103). Aceste migra\u021bii au introdus elemente genetice suplimentare care contribuie la diversitatea observat\u0103 la europenii moderni.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dovezile arheologice sus\u021bin descoperirile genetice<\/h2>\n\n<p>Compar\u00e2nd momentul schimb\u0103rilor genetice cu descoperirile arheologice, cercet\u0103torii au legat afluxul genetic de apari\u021bia de noi artefacte culturale. Acest lucru sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 migra\u021biile au adus nu numai oameni noi, ci \u0219i tehnologii \u0219i practici culturale noi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cronologia genetic\u0103 dezv\u0103luie modele de schimbare<\/h2>\n\n<p>Cronologia genetic\u0103 creat\u0103 de cercet\u0103tori ofer\u0103 o relatare detaliat\u0103 a schimb\u0103rilor genetice \u00een timp. Aceasta arat\u0103 o perioad\u0103 de stabilitate \u00een modelele genetice dup\u0103 sosirea fermierilor, urmat\u0103 de o reapari\u021bie a liniilor de descenden\u021b\u0103 ale v\u00e2n\u0103torilor-culeg\u0103tori \u0219i apoi de noi impulsuri dinspre est \u0219i vest.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ipotez\u0103: Artefactele culturale indic\u0103 migra\u021bii<\/h2>\n\n<p>Autorii propun c\u0103 prezen\u021ba de noi artefacte culturale \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 regiune indic\u0103 sosirea unor c\u0103l\u0103tori din zone \u00eendep\u0103rtate. De\u0219i utilizarea de noi unelte \u0219i tehnologii nu implic\u0103 \u00een mod automat influxuri genetice, este posibil ca, \u00een timpurile str\u0103vechi, migra\u021biile s\u0103 fi coincis adesea cu introducerea unor tehnici noi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Descoperirea originilor ascenden\u021bei europene<\/h2>\n\n<p>Studiul ADN-ului str\u0103vechi din scheletele din Europa Central\u0103 a oferit informa\u021bii pre\u021bioase despre istoria genetic\u0103 a europenilor. Acesta dezv\u0103luie o tapiserie complex\u0103 de migra\u021bii \u0219i influen\u021be genetice care au modelat diversitatea pe care o vedem ast\u0103zi. Continu\u00e2nd s\u0103 analizeze ADN-ul str\u0103vechi, cercet\u0103torii sper\u0103 s\u0103 dezlege \u0219i mai mult re\u021beaua complex\u0103 a ascenden\u021bei umane.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Informa\u021bii suplimentare:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Studiul a examinat un num\u0103r mare de probe de ADN mitocondrial, ceea ce \u00eel face cel mai mare studiu de ADN str\u0103vechi de p\u00e2n\u0103 acum.<\/li>\n<li>Cercet\u0103torii s-au concentrat pe o regiune specific\u0103 din Saxonia-Anhalt, Germania, datorit\u0103 abunden\u021bei de probe scheletice antice disponibile.<\/li>\n<li>Cronologia genetic\u0103 creat\u0103 de cercet\u0103tori ofer\u0103 o \u00eenregistrare cuprinz\u0103toare a schimb\u0103rilor genetice \u00een timp \u00eentr-un loc specific, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t o \u00eenregistrare fragmentat\u0103 din diferite regiuni.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Schelete antice dezv\u0103luie tapiseria genetic\u0103 a Europei Centrale ADN-ul din oasele str\u0103vechi face lumin\u0103 asupra ascenden\u021bei europene Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au deblocat o comoar\u0103 genetic\u0103 din oasele scheletelor antice, dezv\u0103luind&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[1017,88,189,22823,2748,15848,22824,151,5138,253],"class_list":["post-17350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-ancient-dna","tag-archaeology","tag-human-ancestry","tag-central-europe","tag-genetic-diversity","tag-population-genetics","tag-migrations","tag-neolithic","tag-paleogenetics","tag-prehistory"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17350"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17350\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17351,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17350\/revisions\/17351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}