{"id":17661,"date":"2019-03-03T20:34:35","date_gmt":"2019-03-03T20:34:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17661"},"modified":"2019-03-03T20:34:35","modified_gmt":"2019-03-03T20:34:35","slug":"eva-szekely-holocaust-survivor-olympic-champion-swimmer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/life\/biographies\/eva-szekely-holocaust-survivor-olympic-champion-swimmer\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9va Sz\u00e9kely: Supravie\u021buitoare a Holocaustului \u0219i campioan\u0103 olimpic\u0103 la nata\u021bie"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9va Sz\u00e9kely: Supravie\u021buitoare a Holocaustului \u0219i campioan\u0103 olimpic\u0103 la nata\u021bie<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tinere\u021bea \u0219i Holocaustul<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00c9va Sz\u00e9kely s-a n\u0103scut la Budapesta, Ungaria, \u00een 1927. Interesul ei pentru nata\u021bie a fost st\u00e2rnit de ascultarea unei transmisii radio \u00een care \u00eenot\u0103torul maghiar Ferenc Csik c\u00e2\u0219tiga proba de 100 de metri liber la Jocurile Olimpice din Berlin din 1936. S-a al\u0103turat unei echipe a unui club sportiv local, dar mai t\u00e2rziu a fost exclus\u0103 din cauza mo\u0219tenirii sale evreie\u0219ti.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce Holocaustul s-a intensificat \u00een Ungaria, Sz\u00e9kely \u0219i familia ei s-au confruntat cu persecu\u021bii tot mai mari. \u00cen 1944, a fost arestat\u0103 de membrii Partidului fascist al Crucilor cu S\u0103ge\u021bi, dar tat\u0103l ei a intervenit, sus\u021bin\u00e2nd c\u0103 era bolnav\u0103 \u0219i nu putea merge. C\u00e2nd acest lucru a e\u0219uat, el a dezv\u0103luit c\u0103 ea era campioana maghiar\u0103 la nata\u021bie, sper\u00e2nd c\u0103 faima ei \u00eei va salva via\u021ba.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen mod miraculos, Sz\u00e9kely a fost cru\u021bat\u0103. A petrecut ultimii ani ai r\u0103zboiului \u00eentr-un ad\u0103post sigur condus de elve\u021bieni, unde s-a men\u021binut \u00een form\u0103 alerg\u00e2nd de 100 de ori \u00een fiecare diminea\u021b\u0103 pe cinci etaje de sc\u0103ri \u00een sus \u0219i \u00een jos.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cariera de \u00eenot dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi, Sz\u00e9kely \u0219i-a reluat cariera de \u00eenot. A participat la Jocurile Olimpice din 1948 de la Londra, clas\u00e2ndu-se pe locul patru \u00een proba de 200 de metri bras. Patru ani mai t\u00e2rziu, \u0219i-a \u00eendeplinit visul olimpic c\u00e2\u0219tig\u00e2nd medalia de aur la aceea\u0219i prob\u0103 la Jocurile din Helsinki din 1952, stabilind totodat\u0103 un record olimpic.<\/p>\n\n<p>Sz\u00e9kely a continuat s\u0103 domine nata\u021bia maghiar\u0103, c\u00e2\u0219tig\u00e2nd 32 de titluri na\u021bionale individuale \u0219i 11 titluri na\u021bionale pe echipe \u00eentre 1946 \u0219i 1954. De asemenea, s-a c\u0103s\u0103torit cu un alt atlet maghiar, Dezs\u0151 Gyarmati, care era considerat pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 drept unul dintre cei mai mari juc\u0103tori de polo pe ap\u0103 din istorie.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Defec\u021biunea \u0219i cariera de antrenor<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen 1956, Sz\u00e9kely \u0219i Gyarmati au defectat \u00een Statele Unite dup\u0103 ce Revolu\u021bia Maghiar\u0103 a fost zdrobit\u0103 cu brutalitate de sovietici. Cu toate acestea, s-au \u00eentors \u00een cur\u00e2nd \u00een Ungaria pentru a avea grij\u0103 de p\u0103rin\u021bii \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 ai lui Sz\u00e9kely.<\/p>\n\n<p>Sz\u00e9kely s-a retras din competi\u021biile active \u0219i a devenit antrenor pentru tinerii \u00eenot\u0103tori, inclusiv fiica ei, Andrea, care a devenit ea \u00eens\u0103\u0219i medaliat\u0103 olimpic\u0103. Sz\u00e9kely a participat, de asemenea, la tristele Jocuri Olimpice de la M\u00fcnchen din 1972, unde militan\u021bi palestinieni au atacat echipa olimpic\u0103 israelian\u0103, omor\u00e2ndu-l pe prietenul ei, antrenorul israelian de lupte Moshe Weinberg.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Identitatea evreiasc\u0103 \u0219i mo\u0219tenirea<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen ciuda persecu\u021biilor pe care le-a \u00eendurat, Sz\u00e9kely nu a \u00eencercat niciodat\u0103 s\u0103-\u0219i ascund\u0103 identitatea evreiasc\u0103. \u00centr-un interviu acordat televiziunii maghiare \u00een 1974, \u0219i-a amintit de legile discriminatorii din anii 1940 \u0219i a declarat f\u0103r\u0103 echivoc: \u201eAm fost evreic\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<p>Povestea de via\u021b\u0103 remarcabil\u0103 a lui Sz\u00e9kely este o dovad\u0103 a rezilien\u021bei, determin\u0103rii \u0219i spiritului ei neclintit. Ea este amintit\u0103 at\u00e2t ca supravie\u021buitoare a Holocaustului, c\u00e2t \u0219i ca o campioan\u0103 olimpic\u0103, iar mo\u0219tenirea ei continu\u0103 s\u0103 inspire genera\u021bii de \u00eenot\u0103tori \u0219i sportivi din \u00eentreaga lume.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Alte realiz\u0103ri notabile<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sz\u00e9kely a c\u00e2\u0219tigat o medalie de aur la o competi\u021bie interna\u021bional\u0103 de nata\u021bie organizat\u0103 pe Insula Margareta din Ungaria \u00een 1950.<\/li>\n<li>A participat la proba de 200 de metri bras la Jocurile Olimpice din 1956 de la Melbourne, c\u00e2\u0219tig\u00e2nd o medalie de argint.<\/li>\n<li>Sz\u00e9kely a fost inclus\u0103 \u00een International Swimming Hall of Fame \u00een 1985.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen 2000, i s-a acordat Ordinul de Merit Maghiar, Crucea Comandorului cu Stea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9va Sz\u00e9kely: Supravie\u021buitoare a Holocaustului \u0219i campioan\u0103 olimpic\u0103 la nata\u021bie Tinere\u021bea \u0219i Holocaustul \u00c9va Sz\u00e9kely s-a n\u0103scut la Budapesta, Ungaria, \u00een 1927. Interesul ei pentru nata\u021bie a fost st\u00e2rnit de&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4843],"tags":[23196,3980,23195,243,15545],"class_list":["post-17661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biographies","tag-eva-szekely","tag-swimming","tag-olympic-champion","tag-resilience","tag-holocaust-survivor"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17661","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17661"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17661\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17662,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17661\/revisions\/17662"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17661"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17661"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}