{"id":1818,"date":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1818"},"modified":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","slug":"swilling-the-planters-with-bumbo-when-booze-bought-elections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/uncategorized\/swilling-the-planters-with-bumbo-when-booze-bought-elections\/","title":{"rendered":"Cump\u0103rarea aleg\u0103torilor cu b\u0103utur\u0103: C\u00e2nd alcoolul c\u00e2\u0219tiga alegerile"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cump\u0103rarea aleg\u0103torilor cu b\u0103utur\u0103: C\u00e2nd alcoolul c\u00e2\u0219tiga alegerile<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ascensiunea mitei electorale<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen primele zile ale democra\u021biei americane, candida\u021bii politici recurgeau la tactici neconven\u021bionale pentru a c\u00e2\u0219tiga voturi. O practic\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103 era mituirea aleg\u0103torilor cu m\u00e2ncare \u0219i b\u0103utur\u0103, o strategie cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201ecump\u0103rarea aleg\u0103torilor cu b\u0103utur\u0103\u201c.<\/p>\n\n<p>Aceast\u0103 practic\u0103 era at\u00e2t de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u0219i acceptat\u0103 \u00eenc\u00e2t candida\u021bii care refuzau s\u0103 se implice \u00een ea se confruntau adesea cu o lupt\u0103 grea. De exemplu, James Madison a pierdut o alegere \u00een 1777 pentru c\u0103 a refuzat s\u0103 ofere aleg\u0103torilor \u201einfluen\u021ba corup\u0103toare a b\u0103uturilor spirtoase \u0219i alte daruri\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Campania cu b\u0103utur\u0103 a lui George Washington<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chiar \u0219i George Washington, p\u0103rintele na\u021biunii, era cunoscut pentru c\u0103 folosea alcool pentru a influen\u021ba aleg\u0103torii. C\u00e2nd a candidat pentru prima dat\u0103 la Camera Burghezilor din Virginia, el \u0219i-a atribuit \u00eenfr\u00e2ngerea faptului c\u0103 nu a oferit suficient\u0103 b\u0103utur\u0103. Doi ani mai t\u00e2rziu, a c\u00e2\u0219tigat cu succes alegerile dup\u0103 ce a distribuit 144 de galoane de rom, punch, cidru tare \u0219i bere aleg\u0103torilor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Partidele politice ridic\u0103 spectacolul la un alt nivel<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een secolul al XIX-lea, partidele politice ridicaser\u0103 tactica hr\u0103nirii aleg\u0103torilor la nivelul unui spectacol grandios. \u00cen octombrie 1876, republicanii din Brooklyn au organizat un gr\u0103tar electoral masiv, la care au pr\u0103jit doi boi \u00eentregi \u0219i au distribuit carnea \u00een sandvi\u0219uri c\u0103tre aproximativ 50.000 de participan\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dezastrul petrecerii cu friptur\u0103 de bou a democra\u021bilor lui Douglas<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nu toate astfel de evenimente au decurs f\u0103r\u0103 probleme. \u00cen 1860, democra\u021bii lui Douglas au organizat un \u201eMare carnaval politic \u0219i friptur\u0103 de bou\u201d \u00een Jones&#8217; Wood, care a atras \u00eentre 20.000 \u0219i 30.000 de oameni. Cu toate acestea, evenimentul a fost marcat de o busculada haotic\u0103 pentru m\u00e2ncare, l\u0103s\u00e2nd mul\u021bi participan\u021bi dezam\u0103gi\u021bi \u0219i fl\u0103m\u00e2nzi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Influen\u021ba m\u00e2nc\u0103rii \u0219i a b\u0103uturii asupra alegerilor<\/h2>\n\n<p>Este dificil de spus cu certitudine dac\u0103 aceste ospe\u021be fastuoase au influen\u021bat rezultatul alegerilor. Cu toate acestea, faptul c\u0103 \u0219i candida\u021bii au continuat s\u0103 se implice \u00een aceast\u0103 practic\u0103 sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 ace\u0219tia credeau c\u0103 este eficient\u0103 \u00een influen\u021barea aleg\u0103torilor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Declinul mitei electorale<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen timp, practica de a cump\u0103ra aleg\u0103torii cu b\u0103utur\u0103 a sc\u0103zut treptat. Acest lucru s-a datorat \u00een parte apari\u021biei unor tactici de campanie mai sofisticate \u0219i a cre\u0219terii gradului de con\u0219tientizare cu privire la influen\u021ba corup\u0103toare a banilor \u00een politic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mo\u0219tenirea mitei electorale<\/h2>\n\n<p>Poate c\u0103 practica mitei electorale s-a estompat, dar mo\u0219tenirea ei r\u0103m\u00e2ne. Aceasta serve\u0219te ca o reamintire a m\u0103surilor la care au recurs candida\u021bii pentru a c\u00e2\u0219tiga voturi \u0219i a importan\u021bei men\u021binerii integrit\u0103\u021bii procesului electoral.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Considerente suplimentare<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Practica de a oferi m\u00e2ncare \u0219i b\u0103utur\u0103 aleg\u0103torilor \u00ee\u0219i are originile \u00een Roma \u0219i Grecia antic\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen Statele Unite, mita electoral\u0103 era ilegal\u0103 din punct de vedere tehnic, dar era adesea tolerat\u0103 sau trecut\u0103 cu vederea.<\/li>\n<li>Termenul de \u201ecump\u0103rare a aleg\u0103torilor cu b\u0103utur\u0103\u201d se refer\u0103 la practica de a distribui alcool aleg\u0103torilor, \u00een special rom, care era o b\u0103utur\u0103 popular\u0103 la acea vreme.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen ciuda prevalen\u021bei mitei electorale, este important de men\u021bionat c\u0103 \u0219i al\u021bi factori, cum ar fi politicile \u0219i calit\u0103\u021bile personale ale candida\u021bilor, au jucat, de asemenea, un rol \u00een determinarea rezultatului alegerilor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cump\u0103rarea aleg\u0103torilor cu b\u0103utur\u0103: C\u00e2nd alcoolul c\u00e2\u0219tiga alegerile Ascensiunea mitei electorale \u00cen primele zile ale democra\u021biei americane, candida\u021bii politici recurgeau la tactici neconven\u021bionale pentru a c\u00e2\u0219tiga voturi. O practic\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3912,19,3914,3913,3685],"class_list":["post-1818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-election-bribery","tag-american-history","tag-united-states-history","tag-political-campaigns","tag-voting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1818"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1819,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818\/revisions\/1819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}