{"id":18356,"date":"2024-07-24T08:27:14","date_gmt":"2024-07-24T08:27:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18356"},"modified":"2024-07-24T08:27:14","modified_gmt":"2024-07-24T08:27:14","slug":"bonobos-food-sharing-and-altruism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/zoology\/bonobos-food-sharing-and-altruism\/","title":{"rendered":"Bonobo: \u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea hranei \u0219i altruismul"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bonobo: \u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea hranei \u0219i altruismul<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introducere<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea este un comportament care este deseori considerat a fi unic uman. Cu toate acestea, cercet\u0103ri recente au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 \u0219i bonobo, cele mai apropiate rude de primate ale noastre, prezint\u0103 un comportament de \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bire a hranei. Acest comportament este deosebit de interesant deoarece sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 altruismul, actul de a-i ajuta pe al\u021bii f\u0103r\u0103 vreun beneficiu direct pentru sine, s-ar putea s\u0103 nu fie o tr\u0103s\u0103tur\u0103 exclusiv uman\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bonobo \u0219i \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea hranei<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bonobo sunt o specie de maimu\u021b\u0103 mare, originar\u0103 din Bazinul Congo din Africa Central\u0103. Sunt cunoscu\u021bi pentru firea lor pa\u0219nic\u0103 \u0219i cooperant\u0103 \u0219i au fost observa\u021bi \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bind hran\u0103 \u00eentre ei \u00een numeroase ocazii.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00centr-un studiu, cercet\u0103torii au plasat un bonobo \u00eentr-o camer\u0103 cu pu\u021bin\u0103 hran\u0103. Bonobo putea apoi alege s\u0103 m\u0103n\u00e2nce toat\u0103 hrana singur sau s\u0103 lase s\u0103 intre un alt bonobo dintr-o camer\u0103 al\u0103turat\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eempart\u0103 hrana. De cele mai multe ori, bonobo au ales s\u0103-\u0219i \u00eempart\u0103 hrana.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De ce bonobo \u00eempart hrana?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 mai multe motive posibile pentru care bonobo \u00ee\u0219i \u00eempart hrana. O posibilitate este c\u0103 o fac pentru a primi favoruri \u00een viitor de la beneficiari. Acest lucru este cunoscut sub numele de altruism reciproc.<\/p>\n\n<p>O alt\u0103 posibilitate este c\u0103 bonobo \u00ee\u0219i \u00eempart hrana datorit\u0103 unei motiva\u021bii mai altruiste. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 \u00eei ajut\u0103 pe al\u021bii f\u0103r\u0103 nicio a\u0219teptare de recompens\u0103. Acest tip de comportament este adesea observat la oameni \u0219i se crede c\u0103 este unul dintre fundamentele cooper\u0103rii umane.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rolul altruismului \u00een \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea hranei de c\u0103tre bonobo<\/h2>\n\n<p>Cercet\u0103torii care au realizat studiul asupra \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birii hranei de c\u0103tre bonobo cred c\u0103 altruismul joac\u0103 un rol semnificativ \u00een acest comportament. Ei au descoperit c\u0103 bonobo erau mai predispu\u0219i s\u0103 \u00eempart\u0103 hran\u0103 cu indivizi cu care \u00eemp\u0103r\u021biser\u0103 anterior hran\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 erau, de asemenea, mai predispu\u0219i s\u0103 \u00eempart\u0103 hran\u0103 cu indivizi cu care nu erau \u00eenrudi\u021bi. Acest lucru sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 bonobo nu \u00eempart pur \u0219i simplu hran\u0103 pentru a primi ceva \u00een schimb, ci mai degrab\u0103 c\u0103 sunt cu adev\u0103rat motiva\u021bi s\u0103-i ajute pe al\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implica\u021bii pentru evolu\u021bia uman\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Descoperirea \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birii hranei la bonobo are implica\u021bii importante pentru \u00een\u021belegerea noastr\u0103 a evolu\u021biei umane. Sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 altruismul ar fi putut evolua cu mult \u00eenainte de apari\u021bia oamenilor \u0219i c\u0103 ar putea fi o parte fundamental\u0103 a comportamentului social al primatelor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concluzie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bonobo sunt creaturi fascinante care au multe s\u0103 ne \u00eenve\u021be despre noi \u00een\u0219ine. Comportamentul lor de \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bire a hranei este o dovad\u0103 a inteligen\u021bei lor, a cooper\u0103rii lor \u0219i a capacit\u0103\u021bii lor de altruism.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bonobo: \u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea hranei \u0219i altruismul Introducere \u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea este un comportament care este deseori considerat a fi unic uman. Cu toate acestea, cercet\u0103ri recente au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 \u0219i bonobo, cele mai&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23937,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[7211,23994,309,22089,1591],"class_list":["post-18356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-altruism","tag-bonobos","tag-animal-behavior","tag-food-sharing","tag-primatology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18356"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18357,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18356\/revisions\/18357"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23937"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}