{"id":18511,"date":"2020-06-06T00:28:27","date_gmt":"2020-06-06T00:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18511"},"modified":"2020-06-06T00:28:27","modified_gmt":"2020-06-06T00:28:27","slug":"chauvet-cave-prehistoric-art-shamanism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/archaeology\/chauvet-cave-prehistoric-art-shamanism\/","title":{"rendered":"Pe\u0219tera Chauvet: o fereastr\u0103 c\u0103tre mintea preistoric\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pe\u0219tera Chauvet: O fereastr\u0103 c\u0103tre mintea preistoric\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Descoperire \u0219i semnifica\u021bie<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen 1994, trei speologi au dat peste Pe\u0219tera Chauvet \u00een Cheile Ard\u00e8che din Fran\u021ba. Pe\u0219tera con\u021binea o gam\u0103 uimitoare de picturi rupestre preistorice, despre care se estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 au peste 36.000 de ani vechime. Aceast\u0103 descoperire a revolu\u021bionat \u00een\u021belegerea noastr\u0103 asupra creativit\u0103\u021bii umane \u0219i a originilor artei simbolice.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0218amanism \u0219i st\u0103ri alterate de con\u0219tiin\u021b\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Preistoricul Jean Clottes a propus ca picturile rupestre s\u0103 fi fost create de \u0219amani \u00een st\u0103ri alterate de con\u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, cum ar fi cele induse de enteogene precum cannabisul sau psilocibina. Ace\u0219ti \u0219amani credeau c\u0103, intr\u00e2nd \u00eentr-o stare de trans\u0103, puteau comunica cu spiritele \u0219i accesa supranaturalul.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tehnici \u0219i materiale<\/h2>\n\n<p>Arti\u0219tii preistorici au folosit o varietate de tehnici \u0219i materiale pentru a-\u0219i crea capodoperele. Au folosit c\u0103rbune, pigmen\u021bi de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u0219i hematit pentru a desena \u0219i picta pe pere\u021bii pe\u0219terii. De asemenea, au folosit contururile naturale ale calcarului pentru a crea o senza\u021bie de ad\u00e2ncime \u0219i mi\u0219care.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Simbolism \u0219i semnifica\u021bie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Imaginile cu animale au jucat un rol central \u00een arta din Pe\u0219tera Chauvet. Leii, rinocerii, caii \u0219i alte animale au fost \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219ate cu detalii vii, adesea angajate \u00een scene de v\u00e2n\u0103toare sau ritualuri simbolice. Aceste imagini aveau probabil o semnifica\u021bie spiritual\u0103 \u0219i mitologic\u0103 profund\u0103 pentru arti\u0219tii preistorici.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caverna du Pont d\u2019Arc<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pentru a proteja fragila Pe\u0219ter\u0103 Chauvet de daunele cauzate de turism, \u00een apropiere a fost construit\u0103 o replic\u0103 numit\u0103 Caverna du Pont d\u2019Arc. Aceast\u0103 replic\u0103 ofer\u0103 vizitatorilor o experien\u021b\u0103 captivant\u0103 a interiorului pe\u0219terii \u0219i a uimitoarelor sale opere de art\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conservare \u0219i cercetare<\/h2>\n\n<p>Conservarea \u0219i protejarea Pe\u0219terii Chauvet \u0219i a altor situri de art\u0103 rupestr\u0103 este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru genera\u021biile viitoare. Cercet\u0103torii continu\u0103 s\u0103 studieze aceste situri folosind o varietate de tehnici, inclusiv s\u0103p\u0103turi arheologice, analize geologice \u0219i teledetec\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Valoare educa\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i de cercetare<\/h2>\n\n<p>Arta rupestr\u0103 ofer\u0103 o fereastr\u0103 valoroas\u0103 c\u0103tre vie\u021bile \u0219i credin\u021bele str\u0103mo\u0219ilor no\u0219tri preistorici. Ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem evolu\u021bia creativit\u0103\u021bii umane, dezvoltarea g\u00e2ndirii simbolice \u0219i rolul artei \u00een societatea uman\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Turism \u0219i patrimoniu cultural<\/h2>\n\n<p>Siturile de art\u0103 rupestr\u0103 precum Pe\u0219tera Chauvet sunt destina\u021bii turistice importante, care atrag vizitatori din \u00eentreaga lume. Turismul poate aduce beneficii economice comunit\u0103\u021bilor locale, dar este esen\u021bial s\u0103 gestion\u0103m turismul \u00eentr-un mod care s\u0103 protejeze aceste fragile situri de patrimoniu cultural.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Semnifica\u021bie global\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pe\u0219tera Chauvet \u0219i alte situri de art\u0103 rupestr\u0103 sunt recunoscute ca parte a patrimoniului nostru cultural mondial. Sunt protejate de UNESCO \u0219i sunt considerate a avea o valoare universal\u0103 excep\u021bional\u0103. Aceste situri ne amintesc de interconectarea istoriei umane \u0219i de importan\u021ba conserv\u0103rii mo\u0219tenirii noastre culturale pentru genera\u021biile viitoare.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pe\u0219tera Chauvet: O fereastr\u0103 c\u0103tre mintea preistoric\u0103 Descoperire \u0219i semnifica\u021bie \u00cen 1994, trei speologi au dat peste Pe\u0219tera Chauvet \u00een Cheile Ard\u00e8che din Fran\u021ba. Pe\u0219tera con\u021binea o gam\u0103 uimitoare de&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[132,88,148,487,3502,24187],"class_list":["post-18511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-anthropology","tag-archaeology","tag-prehistoric-art","tag-human-evolution","tag-cave-paintings","tag-shamanism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18511"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18511\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18512,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18511\/revisions\/18512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}