{"id":18574,"date":"2019-06-28T20:49:32","date_gmt":"2019-06-28T20:49:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18574"},"modified":"2019-06-28T20:49:32","modified_gmt":"2019-06-28T20:49:32","slug":"army-ants-natures-delivery-experts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/animal-behavior\/army-ants-natures-delivery-experts\/","title":{"rendered":"Furnicile armate: exper\u021bii \u00een livrare ai naturii"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Furnicile armate: Exper\u021bii \u00een livrare ai naturii<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Algoritmi \u00een ac\u021biune<\/h2>\n\n<p>Furnicile armate, \u00eent\u00e2lnite \u00een America Central\u0103 \u0219i de Sud, sunt mae\u0219tri ai eficien\u021bei. Ele folosesc algoritmi sofistica\u021bi pentru a crea scurt\u0103turi care le permit s\u0103 transporte hrana \u00eenapoi la colonie cu un efort minim. Unul dintre trucurile lor inteligente este s\u0103-\u0219i lege corpurile \u00eempreun\u0103 pentru a forma poduri vii care trec peste golurile din calea lor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Construirea de poduri<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce mai multe furnici se al\u0103tur\u0103 podului, acesta \u00ee\u0219i schimb\u0103 loca\u021bia pentru a acoperi goluri mai mari, reduc\u00e2nd distan\u021ba pe care furnicile trebuie s\u0103 o parcurg\u0103 cu hrana lor. Cu toate acestea, furnicile se confrunt\u0103 cu un compromis: fiecare furnic\u0103 folosit\u0103 la construirea podului este o furnic\u0103 care nu poate c\u0103uta hran\u0103. Ele ajung \u00eentr-un punct \u00een care costul unei scurt\u0103turi pu\u021bin mai bune dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te beneficiile.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inspira\u021bie pentru robotica de roi<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen\u021belegerea modului \u00een care furnicile armate construiesc poduri ar putea ajuta oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 s\u0103 proiecteze robo\u021bi de roi mai inteligen\u021bi. Ace\u0219ti robo\u021bi ar putea folosi materiale cu auto-asamblare pentru a crea structuri dinamice, variind de la plute de salvare p\u00e2n\u0103 la stenturi chirurgicale.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00e2n\u0103toare sustenabil\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Furnicile armate sunt \u0219i v\u00e2n\u0103tori pruden\u021bi. Dup\u0103 o zi de jefuire a altor colonii de furnici \u0219i viespi \u00een c\u0103utarea larvelor, ele se mut\u0103 la c\u00e2teva sute de metri distan\u021b\u0103. Aceast\u0103 abordare sustenabil\u0103 asigur\u0103 faptul c\u0103 nu \u00ee\u0219i epuizeaz\u0103 sursele de hran\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Navigare \u0219i experimentare<\/h2>\n\n<p>Furnicile navigheaz\u0103 folosind feromoni, pe care \u00eei las\u0103 \u00een urm\u0103 \u00een timp ce c\u0103l\u0103toresc. Cercet\u0103torii au folosit ace\u0219ti feromoni pentru a redirec\u021biona traficul de furnici c\u0103tre montaje experimentale. Au observat abilit\u0103\u021bile de rezolvare a problemelor ale furnicilor \u00een timp real, \u00een timp ce acestea navigau \u00een jurul obstacolelor \u0219i construiau poduri.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Luarea deciziilor f\u0103r\u0103 un lider<\/h2>\n\n<p>Furnicile armate demonstreaz\u0103 puterea unui roi f\u0103r\u0103 lider, dar bine programat. Ele iau decizii \u00een mod colectiv, f\u0103r\u0103 a fi nevoie de o autoritate central\u0103 sau de o ierarhie. Acest lucru le permite s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 rapid \u0219i eficient la condi\u021biile de mediu \u00een schimbare.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aplica\u021bii viitoare<\/h2>\n\n<p>Informa\u021biile ob\u021binute din studierea furnicilor armate ar putea avea aplica\u021bii practice \u00een robotic\u0103 \u0219i alte domenii. De exemplu, robo\u021bii mici \u0219i consumabili ar putea fi proiecta\u021bi s\u0103 se auto-asambleze \u00een structuri mai mari pentru a fi utiliza\u021bi \u00een opera\u021biuni de salvare.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dincolo de aplica\u021biile tehnice<\/h2>\n\n<p>Furnicile armate inspir\u0103, de asemenea, uimire \u0219i fascina\u021bie datorit\u0103 capacit\u0103\u021bii lor de a realiza at\u00e2t de multe lucruri f\u0103r\u0103 politic\u0103 sau ierarhie. Ele demonstreaz\u0103 puterea inteligen\u021bei colective \u0219i poten\u021bialul naturii de a oferi solu\u021bii la probleme complexe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Superorganismul<\/h2>\n\n<p>Furnicile armate sunt un exemplu excelent de superorganism, \u00een care membrii individuali ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 pentru a forma un sistem extrem de organizat \u0219i eficient. Ele ne amintesc c\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i cele mai mici creaturi pot realiza lucruri m\u0103re\u021be atunci c\u00e2nd lucreaz\u0103 colectiv.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Furnicile armate: Exper\u021bii \u00een livrare ai naturii Algoritmi \u00een ac\u021biune Furnicile armate, \u00eent\u00e2lnite \u00een America Central\u0103 \u0219i de Sud, sunt mae\u0219tri ai eficien\u021bei. Ele folosesc algoritmi sofistica\u021bi pentru a crea&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[2969,740,5232,24259,24260,252,2054],"class_list":["post-18574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-algorithms","tag-biology","tag-efficiency","tag-army-ants","tag-swarm-intelligence","tag-nature","tag-robotics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18574","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18574"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18574\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18575,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18574\/revisions\/18575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}