{"id":1926,"date":"2022-08-03T10:20:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T10:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1926"},"modified":"2022-08-03T10:20:00","modified_gmt":"2022-08-03T10:20:00","slug":"neanderthal-discovery-italian-cave-sheds-light-on-human-evolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/anthropology\/neanderthal-discovery-italian-cave-sheds-light-on-human-evolution\/","title":{"rendered":"Nou\u0103 neandertalieni descoperi\u021bi \u00een Italia: o fereastr\u0103 c\u0103tre trecutul nostru uman"},"content":{"rendered":"

Descoperirea a nou\u0103 r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021be de neandertalieni \u00eentr-o pe\u0219ter\u0103 italian\u0103 aduce lumin\u0103 asupra evolu\u021biei umane<\/h2>\n\n

Semnifica\u021bie arheologic\u0103<\/h2>\n\n

Arheologii au f\u0103cut o descoperire revolu\u021bionar\u0103 \u00een Pe\u0219tera Guattari, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Roma, Italia. Au scos la iveal\u0103 r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021bele fosilizate a nou\u0103 neandertalieni, oferind informa\u021bii valoroase despre via\u021ba \u0219i interac\u021biunile acestor vechi rude ale oamenilor. Aceast\u0103 descoperire se adaug\u0103 la num\u0103rul tot mai mare de dovezi care sus\u021bin c\u0103 neandertalienii erau mult mai complec\u0219i \u0219i sofistica\u021bi dec\u00e2t se credea anterior.<\/p>\n\n

Hienele ca pr\u0103d\u0103tori<\/h2>\n\n

Cercet\u0103rile sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 hienele din Epoca de Piatr\u0103 foloseau pe\u0219tera ca vizuin\u0103 \u0219i, probabil, \u00eei luau \u00een vizor pe neandertalieni ca prad\u0103. R\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021be de hiene, precum \u0219i ale altor animale, cum ar fi rinocerii, cerbii gigan\u021bi \u0219i caii s\u0103lbatici, au fost, de asemenea, g\u0103site pe sit. Acest lucru indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 neandertalienii tr\u0103iau \u00eentr-un ecosistem vibrant, plin de specii diverse.<\/p>\n\n

Analiza r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021belor<\/h2>\n\n

R\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021bele de neandertalieni recent descoperite apar\u021bin unei femei, \u0219apte b\u0103rba\u021bi \u0219i unui b\u0103iat t\u00e2n\u0103r. Analiza tartrului dentar a relevat c\u0103 ace\u0219tia consumau \u00een principal cereale, ceea ce a contribuit la cre\u0219terea creierului lor. Studiul aprofundat al ADN-ului lor va oferi informa\u021bii suplimentare despre alc\u0103tuirea lor genetic\u0103 \u0219i rudenia lor.<\/p>\n\n

Stilul de via\u021b\u0103 al neandertalienilor<\/h2>\n\n

Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021bele umane, arheologii au g\u0103sit, de asemenea, dovezi ale locuirii neandertalienilor \u00een pe\u0219ter\u0103. Acestea includ oase arse, pietre sculptate \u0219i oase cu urme de t\u0103ieturi care sugereaz\u0103 v\u00e2n\u0103toarea. Aceste descoperiri sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 neandertalienii foloseau pe\u0219tera ca locuin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i se angajau \u00een diverse activit\u0103\u021bi, inclusiv preg\u0103tirea hranei \u0219i fabricarea uneltelor.<\/p>\n\n

Context istoric<\/h2>\n\n

Pe\u0219tera Guattari are o lung\u0103 istorie de ocupare neandertalian\u0103. \u00cen 1939, un craniu de neandertalian a fost descoperit pe sit, atr\u0103g\u00e2nd aten\u021bia interna\u021bional\u0103. Noile cercet\u0103ri, care au \u00eenceput \u00een octombrie 2019, au oferit o \u00een\u021belegere mai cuprinz\u0103toare a semnifica\u021biei pe\u0219terii. Acestea au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 neandertalienii au tr\u0103it \u00een pe\u0219ter\u0103 pentru o perioad\u0103 \u00eendelungat\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 au fost supu\u0219i pr\u0103d\u0103rii de c\u0103tre hiene.<\/p>\n\n

Distribu\u021bia global\u0103 a neandertalienilor<\/h2>\n\n

Neandertalienii erau o specie r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103, locuind \u00een Europa \u0219i \u00een sud-vestul p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een centrul Asiei, de acum aproximativ 400.000 de ani. Au disp\u0103rut acum aproximativ 40.000 de ani, dar mo\u0219tenirea lor genetic\u0103 persist\u0103 \u00een mul\u021bi oameni moderni de ast\u0103zi. Descoperirea r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021belor din Pe\u0219tera Guattari contribuie la \u00een\u021belegerea noastr\u0103 asupra distribu\u021biei neandertalienilor \u0219i a factorilor care ar fi putut influen\u021ba dispari\u021bia lor.<\/p>\n\n

Atrac\u021bie turistic\u0103 poten\u021bial\u0103<\/h2>\n\n

Descoperirea r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021belor de neandertalieni din San Felice Circeo are poten\u021bialul de a impulsiona turismul \u00een zon\u0103. Primarul Giuseppe Schiboni a solicitat finan\u021bare de la Uniunea European\u0103 pentru dezvoltarea sitului ca atrac\u021bie turistic\u0103. Pe\u0219tera este situat\u0103 pe terenul unui hotel care este acum de v\u00e2nzare, iar Schiboni sper\u0103 s\u0103 cumpere proprietatea \u0219i s\u0103 o transforme \u00eentr-un centru de studii neandertaliene.<\/p>\n\n

Cercet\u0103ri \u00een curs<\/h2>\n\n

Descoperirea r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021belor din Pe\u0219tera Guattari este un proiect de cercetare \u00een curs. Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 studiaz\u0103 fosilele, analizeaz\u0103 ADN-ul \u0219i examineaz\u0103 dovezile arheologice pentru a ob\u021bine o \u00een\u021belegere mai profund\u0103 a comportamentului, ecologiei \u0219i dispari\u021biei neandertalienilor. Aceste cercet\u0103ri promit s\u0103 arunce mai mult\u0103 lumin\u0103 asupra istoriei evolutive complexe a liniei noastre umane.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Descoperirea a nou\u0103 r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021be de neandertalieni \u00eentr-o pe\u0219ter\u0103 italian\u0103 aduce lumin\u0103 asupra evolu\u021biei umane Semnifica\u021bie arheologic\u0103 Arheologii au f\u0103cut o descoperire revolu\u021bionar\u0103 \u00een Pe\u0219tera Guattari, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Roma, Italia. Au scos…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[88,148,487,1019,137],"class_list":["post-1926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anthropology","tag-archaeology","tag-prehistoric-art","tag-human-evolution","tag-neanderthals","tag-paleontology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1926"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1926\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1927,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1926\/revisions\/1927"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}