{"id":4014,"date":"2022-05-28T11:07:15","date_gmt":"2022-05-28T11:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4014"},"modified":"2022-05-28T11:07:15","modified_gmt":"2022-05-28T11:07:15","slug":"antikythera-mechanism-ancient-astronomical-marvel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/archaeology\/antikythera-mechanism-ancient-astronomical-marvel\/","title":{"rendered":"Mecanismul Antikythera: o minune astronomic\u0103 antic\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mecanismul Antikythera: O minune astronomic\u0103 antic\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Descoperire \u0219i semnifica\u021bie<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen 1901, un naufragiu \u00een largul coastei Cretei a dus la o descoperire remarcabil\u0103: mecanismul Antikythera. Acest dispozitiv, compus din 82 de fragmente de bronz corodate, a captivat at\u00e2t oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i istoricii. C\u00e2nd este asamblat, dezv\u0103luie un calculator astronomic complex, cu 37 de ro\u021bi din\u021bate care urm\u0103resc soarele, luna \u0219i planetele.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avansat pentru vremea sa<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mecanismul Antikythera este anterior altor exemple cunoscute de tehnologie similar\u0103 cu peste 1.000 de ani. Are peste 2.000 de ani vechime, dar sofisticarea sa sugereaz\u0103 un nivel de cuno\u0219tin\u021be \u0219tiin\u021bifice care a fost cu secole \u00eenaintea timpului s\u0103u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Datarea mecanismului<\/h2>\n\n<p>Cercet\u0103torii au folosit diverse metode pentru a data mecanismul Antikythera. Ini\u021bial, datarea cu radiocarbon \u0219i analiza inscrip\u021biilor grece\u0219ti au plasat construc\u021bia sa \u00een jurul anilor 100-150 \u00ee.Hr. Cu toate acestea, o descoperire recent\u0103 a unui calendar de predic\u021bie a eclipselor pe dispozitiv a \u00eempins data \u00eenapoi la 205 \u00ee.Hr.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Originea \u0219i creatorii<\/h2>\n\n<p>Originea mecanismului Antikythera r\u0103m\u00e2ne un mister. Unii exper\u021bi cred c\u0103 ar fi putut fi influen\u021bat de legendarii oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 greci Arhimede, Hiparh sau Posidonius. Inscrip\u021biile de pe dispozitiv sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 ar fi putut fi realizat \u00een Rodos, un important centru de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 la acea vreme.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Influen\u021ba babilonian\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Calendarul de predic\u021bie a eclipselor de pe mecanismul Antikythera folose\u0219te aritmetica babilonian\u0103, nu trigonometria greac\u0103. Acest lucru sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 astronomii babilonieni ar fi putut juca un rol \u00een dezvoltarea sa.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Func\u021bionalitate \u0219i capabilit\u0103\u021bi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mecanismul Antikythera este un calculator astronomic capabil s\u0103 prezic\u0103 eclipse, s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 pozi\u021biile soarelui, lunii \u0219i planetelor \u0219i s\u0103 calculeze datele competi\u021biilor atletice. A fost primul computer analog cunoscut din lume.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Specula\u021bii \u0219i confirm\u0103ri anterioare<\/h2>\n\n<p>Reconstruc\u021biile anterioare ale mecanismului Antikythera sugerau c\u0103 avea aproximativ dimensiunea unei cutii de pantofi, cu cadrane la exterior \u0219i ro\u021bi din\u021bate complexe din bronz \u00een interior. Inscrip\u021biile recent dezv\u0103luite confirm\u0103 faptul c\u0103 ar putea calcula \u0219i pozi\u021biile lui Marte, Jupiter \u0219i Saturn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Explor\u0103ri recente<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen ultimii ani, o expedi\u021bie s-a \u00eentors la locul naufragiului Antikythera folosind costume de \u201esubmarin purtabil\u201d. Au recuperat vesel\u0103, p\u0103r\u021bi ale navei \u0219i o suli\u021b\u0103 de bronz. Scufund\u0103rile viitoare ar putea arunca mai mult\u0103 lumin\u0103 asupra dispozitivului \u0219i a creatorilor s\u0103i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mecanismul Antikythera \u0219i istoria \u0219tiin\u021bei<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mecanismul Antikythera ofer\u0103 informa\u021bii valoroase despre cuno\u0219tin\u021bele \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u0219i progresele tehnologice ale lumii antice. Este o dovad\u0103 a ingeniozit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i creativit\u0103\u021bii str\u0103mo\u0219ilor no\u0219tri. Semnifica\u021bia sa se extinde dincolo de capacit\u0103\u021bile sale astronomice, deoarece ofer\u0103 o privire asupra dezvolt\u0103rii civiliza\u021biei umane \u0219i a c\u0103ut\u0103rii cunoa\u0219terii.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mecanismul Antikythera: O minune astronomic\u0103 antic\u0103 Descoperire \u0219i semnifica\u021bie \u00cen 1901, un naufragiu \u00een largul coastei Cretei a dus la o descoperire remarcabil\u0103: mecanismul Antikythera. Acest dispozitiv, compus din 82&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[435,2313,1797,7460,7461],"class_list":["post-4014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-astronomy","tag-ancient-greece","tag-history-of-science","tag-babylonian-mathematics","tag-bronze-age-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4014"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4015,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4014\/revisions\/4015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4014"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}