{"id":4226,"date":"2023-06-03T04:06:19","date_gmt":"2023-06-03T04:06:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4226"},"modified":"2023-06-03T04:06:19","modified_gmt":"2023-06-03T04:06:19","slug":"vision-enhancement-technologies-across-the-centuries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/vision-science\/vision-enhancement-technologies-across-the-centuries\/","title":{"rendered":"Tehnologii de \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a vederii: Inova\u021bii de-a lungul secolelor"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tehnologii de \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a vederii: Inova\u021bii de-a lungul secolelor<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inova\u021bii optice antice<\/h2>\n\n<p>Curiozitatea \u0219i dorin\u021ba de a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi vederea au impulsionat inova\u021biile \u00een dispozitivele optice de secole. Lentila de la Nimrud, o lentil\u0103 de cristal de st\u00e2nc\u0103 veche de 3.000 de ani, este printre cele mai vechi exemple. Vikingii lustruiau cristalul de st\u00e2nc\u0103 pentru a face lentile decorative care puteau concentra lumina soarelui pentru a crea foc.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u0103rire \u0219i corectarea vederii<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen secolul al XI-lea, Ibn al-Haytham a descoperit puterea de m\u0103rire a lentilelor convexe. El \u0219i-a folosit propria lentil\u0103 de m\u0103rire pentru a citi tratate \u0219tiin\u021bifice. Roger Bacon, un c\u0103lug\u0103r englez, a schi\u021bat modele pentru lentile corective \u00een manuscrisul s\u0103u Opus Majus, de\u0219i nu este clar dac\u0103 au fost vreodat\u0103 realizate.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inven\u021bia ochelarilor<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u0103lug\u0103rii scribi din Italia au inventat ochelarii corectivi \u00een jurul secolului al XIII-lea. Ace\u0219ti ochelari timpurii constau din dou\u0103 lentile convexe unite \u00eempreun\u0103 \u0219i \u021binute \u00een fa\u021ba fe\u021bei cu un m\u00e2ner.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vederea de aproape \u0219i de departe<\/h2>\n\n<p>Primul brevet pentru un telescop a fost depus de Hans Lippershey \u00een 1608. Mai t\u00e2rziu, Galileo a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit modelul lui Lippershey, cre\u00e2nd un telescop care putea m\u0103ri obiectele \u0219i mai mult. Lippershey, Hans Janssen \u0219i Zacharias Janssen sunt considera\u021bi, de asemenea, inventatorii microscopului.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vanitate \u0219i protec\u021bie solar\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen secolul al XVIII-lea, lornioanele le permiteau femeilor s\u0103 evite purtarea ochelarilor pe fa\u021b\u0103, ceea ce era considerat nemodest. Pince-nez-urile, ochelarii care ciupeau puntea nasului, au devenit populare la mijlocul secolului al XIX-lea. \u00cen 1913, Sir William Crookes a dezvoltat lentile care puteau absorbi lumina ultraviolet\u0103 \u0219i infraro\u0219ie, ceea ce a dus la crearea ochelarilor de soare.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Divertisment senzorial<\/h2>\n\n<p>Masca Telesferic\u0103 a lui Morton Heilig (1960) a combinat diapozitive 3D, sunet stereo \u0219i un generator de mirosuri. Simulatorul s\u0103u Sensorama (1962) a fost o experien\u021b\u0103 cinematografic\u0103 captivant\u0103 pentru o singur\u0103 persoan\u0103. Ochelarii de televiziune ai lui Hugo Gernsback (1963) primeau semnale prin antene \u0219i emiteau canale de lumin\u0103 direct pe un ecran purtat pe fa\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vizualizare 3D<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sabia lui Damocles a lui Ivan Sutherland (1965) a fost o unitate greoaie montat\u0103 pe cap care proiecta imagini 3D direct pe retin\u0103. Aceast\u0103 inven\u021bie greu de m\u00e2nuit necesita un bra\u021b mecanic ata\u0219at de tavan.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ochi privat \u0219i realitate augmentat\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Private Eye de la Reflection Technology (1989) a fost un dispozitiv montat pe ochelari care crea o interfa\u021b\u0103 suprapus\u0103 peste lumea real\u0103. A fost utilizat \u00een proiecte precum KARMA, care permitea suprapunerea schemelor tehnice pe echipamente \u00een timpul repara\u021biilor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Realitatea mediat\u0103 a lui Steve Mann<\/h2>\n\n<p>Steve Mann dezvolt\u0103 tehnologie portabil\u0103 \u0219i \u00eencorporat\u0103 din anii 1970. EyeTap-ul s\u0103u a evoluat de la un dispozitiv montat pe casc\u0103 la un afi\u0219aj elegant \u0219i portabil care \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 mediul utilizatorului \u0219i suprapune imagini pe acesta.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyborgi \u0219i ochi-borgi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Neil Harbisson, un cyborg \u0219i artist catalan, are un ochi-borg \u00eencorporat permanent \u00een craniu. Acest dispozitiv \u00eei permite s\u0103 \u201eaud\u0103\u201d culorile convertind undele de lumin\u0103 \u00een frecven\u021be sonore. El experimenteaz\u0103 aceste frecven\u021be ca vibra\u021bii, pe care le traduce \u00een opere de art\u0103 colorate \u0219i portrete sonore.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tehnologii de \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a vederii: Inova\u021bii de-a lungul secolelor Inova\u021bii optice antice Curiozitatea \u0219i dorin\u021ba de a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi vederea au impulsionat inova\u021biile \u00een dispozitivele optice de secole. Lentila de la&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7738],"tags":[9,7737,37,27,5651,97,497],"class_list":["post-4226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vision-science","tag-art","tag-vision-enhancement","tag-innovation","tag-history","tag-optics","tag-science","tag-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4226","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4226"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4226\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4227,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4226\/revisions\/4227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}