{"id":4499,"date":"2020-09-22T16:45:11","date_gmt":"2020-09-22T16:45:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4499"},"modified":"2020-09-22T16:45:11","modified_gmt":"2020-09-22T16:45:11","slug":"the-evolution-of-the-footballs-unique-shape","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/sports-science-and-kinesiology\/the-evolution-of-the-footballs-unique-shape\/","title":{"rendered":"Forma unic\u0103 a mingii de fotbal american: o c\u0103l\u0103torie \u00een evolu\u021bie"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evolu\u021bia formei unice a mingii de fotbal american<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Originea \u201epielii de porc\u201c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Iconica \u201epiele de porc\u201d a fotbalului american nu este de fapt f\u0103cut\u0103 din piele de porc, ci din piele de vit\u0103. Porecla provine probabil din specula\u021bia c\u0103 primele mingi de fotbal erau f\u0103cute din vezici de porc.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evolu\u021bia misterioas\u0103 a formei mingii de fotbal<\/h2>\n\n<p>De\u0219i fotbalul american a evoluat din fotbal \u0219i rugby, forma distinct\u0103 de sferoid alungit a mingii de fotbal moderne nu a fost conceput\u0103 inten\u021bionat. Potrivit lui Henry Duffield, care a asistat la un meci intercolegial timpuriu \u00een 1869, mingea trebuia s\u0103 fie rotund\u0103, dar a devenit asimetric\u0103 din cauza umfl\u0103rii neuniforme.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Influen\u021ba pasei \u00eenainte<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce fotbalul a fuzionat jocurile de lovire \u0219i alergare \u0219i regulile au fost standardizate, mingea s-a \u00eentins treptat pentru a se adapta diferitelor stiluri de joc. Introducerea pasei \u00eenainte \u00een 1906 a influen\u021bat \u0219i mai mult forma mingii, permi\u021b\u00e2nd pase mai precise \u0219i mai eficiente.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evolu\u021bia mingii de fotbal \u00een secolul al XX-lea<\/h2>\n\n<p>La \u00eenceputul secolului al XX-lea, forma mingii de fotbal a fost formalizat\u0103, iar pasa \u00eenainte a devenit o parte dominant\u0103 a jocului. \u00cen anii 1930, mingea a devenit mai lung\u0103 \u0219i mai sub\u021bire pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi capacit\u0103\u021bile de pas\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Na\u0219terea lui \u201eThe Duke\u201d<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen 1941, NFL a adoptat o minge oficial\u0103 de fotbal poreclit\u0103 \u201eThe Duke\u201d, dup\u0103 Wellington Mara, al c\u0103rui tat\u0103 a fost numit dup\u0103 Ducele de Wellington. Numele a devenit sinonim cu parteneriatul NFL cu Wilson Sporting Goods, care produce mingea oficial\u0103 de fotbal a NFL de peste 70 de ani.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Specifica\u021biile mingii de fotbal moderne<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pentru a fi utilizat\u0103 \u00eentr-un meci NFL ast\u0103zi, o minge de fotbal trebuie s\u0103 \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 cerin\u021be specifice:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vezic\u0103 poliuretanic\u0103 umflat\u0103 la 12,5-13,5 lire sterline<\/li>\n<li>\u00cenveli\u0219 exterior din piele bronzat\u0103, cu granula\u021bie de pietri\u0219, pentru o aderen\u021b\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Lungime: 11-11,25 inchi<\/li>\n<li>Circumferin\u021b\u0103 lung\u0103: 28-28,5 inchi<\/li>\n<li>Circumferin\u021b\u0103 scurt\u0103: 21-21,25 inchi<\/li>\n<li>Greutate: 14-15 uncii<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rolul Wilson Sporting Goods<\/h2>\n\n<p>Din 1955, fiecare minge de fotbal NFL a fost realizat\u0103 manual \u00een fabrica Wilson din Ada, Ohio. Re\u021beta secret\u0103 de t\u0103b\u0103cire a companiei optimizeaz\u0103 pielea pentru condi\u021biile meteorologice ale fotbalului, iar fiecare vezic\u0103 sintetic\u0103 este produs\u0103 de o singur\u0103 persoan\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u0103l\u0103toria de la pielea de porc la pielea de vit\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Evolu\u021bia mingii de fotbal de la pielea de porc la pielea de vit\u0103 reflect\u0103 progresele \u00een materiale \u0219i tehnici de fabrica\u021bie. Utilizarea vezicilor sintetice a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit \u0219i mai mult durabilitatea \u0219i performan\u021ba mingii.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Impactul regulilor de fotbal<\/h2>\n\n<p>De-a lungul istoriei, schimb\u0103rile \u00een regulile de fotbal au influen\u021bat designul mingii. De exemplu, legalizarea bloc\u0103rii sub talie \u00een anii 1970 a dus la adoptarea unei forme mai alungite pentru a reduce accident\u0103rile.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Viitorul fotbalului<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce fotbalul continu\u0103 s\u0103 evolueze, designul mingii poate suferi \u0219i el \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri ulterioare. Progresele tehnologice \u00een materiale \u0219i produc\u021bie ar putea duce la noi inova\u021bii care \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021besc siguran\u021ba, performan\u021ba \u0219i experien\u021ba general\u0103 a jocului.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Evolu\u021bia formei unice a mingii de fotbal american Originea \u201epielii de porc\u201c Iconica \u201epiele de porc\u201d a fotbalului american nu este de fapt f\u0103cut\u0103 din piele de porc, ci din&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8175],"tags":[1956,136,8173,4027,4028,8171,8170,8172,8174],"class_list":["post-4499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sports-science-and-kinesiology","tag-design","tag-evolution","tag-shape","tag-american-football","tag-football-history","tag-pigskin","tag-cowhide","tag-prolate-spheroid","tag-sports-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4499"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4500,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4499\/revisions\/4500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}