{"id":5491,"date":"2020-06-09T15:50:06","date_gmt":"2020-06-09T15:50:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=5491"},"modified":"2020-06-09T15:50:06","modified_gmt":"2020-06-09T15:50:06","slug":"paper-birch-trees-a-comprehensive-guide-to-growing-and-care","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/science\/botany\/paper-birch-trees-a-comprehensive-guide-to-growing-and-care\/","title":{"rendered":"Mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie: Un ghid complet pentru cultivare \u0219i \u00eengrijire"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie: Un ghid complet pentru cultivare \u0219i \u00eengrijire<\/h2>\n\n

Caracteristici \u0219i identificare<\/h2>\n\n

Mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie (Betula papyrifera) este un arbore cu cre\u0219tere rapid\u0103, dar de scurt\u0103 durat\u0103, cunoscut pentru scoar\u021ba sa distinctiv\u0103 care se exfoliaz\u0103, ce contrasteaz\u0103 cu frunzele sale verde-deschis care devin galbene vibrante toamna. Scoar\u021ba sa alb\u0103 exfoliant\u0103 se \u00eembin\u0103 bine cu \u00eemprejurimile \u00eenz\u0103pezite din timpul iernii, ceea ce i-a adus numele alternativ comun de \u201ecanoe birch\u201d datorit\u0103 utiliz\u0103rii sale istorice de c\u0103tre nativii americani pentru construirea canoe din scoar\u021b\u0103 de mesteac\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n

Condi\u021bii de cre\u0219tere<\/h2>\n\n

Sol:<\/strong> Mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie prefer\u0103 solurile lutoase nisipoase sau pietroase care sunt destul de umede \u0219i bine drenate. \u00cen mod natural, prefer\u0103 solurile acide, dar se va descurca bine \u0219i \u00een soluri cu pH neutru sau u\u0219or alcalin.<\/p>\n\n

Lumin\u0103 solar\u0103:<\/strong> Acest arbore prefer\u0103 umbra par\u021bial\u0103, a\u0219a cum se g\u0103se\u0219te de-a lungul marginilor unde cresc al\u021bi copaci mai \u00eenal\u021bi. Cu toate acestea, poate cre\u0219te acceptabil \u0219i \u00een plin soare, mai ales \u00een climate mai r\u0103coroase.<\/p>\n\n

Ap\u0103:<\/strong> Mestec\u0103nii de h\u00e2rtie necesit\u0103 udare regulat\u0103, mai ales atunci c\u00e2nd sunt planta\u021bi \u00een soluri uscate sau \u00een zone \u00een care trebuie s\u0103 concureze cu alte plante. Mulcirea \u00een jurul copacului poate ajuta la men\u021binerea umidit\u0103\u021bii \u00een sol.<\/p>\n\n

Temperatur\u0103 \u0219i umiditate:<\/strong> Ace\u0219ti copaci prosper\u0103 \u00een climate mai reci, cu temperaturi sc\u0103zute ale solului. \u00cen climate mai calde, este esen\u021bial s\u0103 men\u021bine\u021bi solul r\u0103coros \u0219i umed prin mulcire abundent\u0103.<\/p>\n\n

Fertilizare:<\/strong> O rutin\u0103 de hr\u0103nire de prim\u0103var\u0103 cu un \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103m\u00e2nt granular cu eliberare lent\u0103 amestecat \u00een sol sub un strat de mulci organic poate ajuta mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie s\u0103 reziste la d\u0103un\u0103tori \u0219i boli.<\/p>\n\n

Plantare \u0219i propagare<\/h2>\n\n

Plantare:<\/strong> Mestec\u0103nii de h\u00e2rtie pot fi planta\u021bi prim\u0103vara sau toamna. Alege\u021bi un loc de plantare care s\u0103 \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 cerin\u021bele de sol \u0219i lumin\u0103 solar\u0103 ale arborelui. S\u0103pa\u021bi o groap\u0103 de dou\u0103 ori mai lat\u0103 dec\u00e2t balotul de r\u0103d\u0103cini \u0219i la fel de ad\u00e2nc\u0103. A\u0219eza\u021bi copacul \u00een groap\u0103, umple\u021bi cu p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u0219i uda\u021bi abundent.<\/p>\n\n

Propagare:<\/strong> Mestec\u0103nii de h\u00e2rtie pot fi propaga\u021bi prin \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinarea buta\u0219ilor de ramuri. Lua\u021bi un v\u00e2rf verde de ramur\u0103 lung de 6-8 inci prim\u0103vara sau vara. \u00cendep\u0103rta\u021bi frunzele de pe primii 3 inci ai buta\u0219ului \u0219i \u00eenmuia\u021bi-l \u00een hormon de \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinare. Planta\u021bi buta\u0219ul \u00eentr-un ghiveci mic umplut cu p\u0103m\u00e2nt standard pentru ghivece. Men\u021bine\u021bi solul umed, dar nu \u00eembibat, timp de aproximativ opt s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd se dezvolt\u0103 r\u0103d\u0103cinile.<\/p>\n\n

\u00cengrijire \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binere<\/h2>\n\n

T\u0103iere:<\/strong> Mestec\u0103nii de h\u00e2rtie pot forma unul sau mai mul\u021bi trunchiuri. Dup\u0103 ce a fost identificat un conductor central, pute\u021bi t\u0103ia copacul pentru a favoriza un singur trunchi. \u00cen afar\u0103 de modelarea ocazional\u0103, mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie nu necesit\u0103 prea mult\u0103 t\u0103iere. Ramurile moarte cad adesea singure. Evita\u021bi t\u0103ierea la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul iernii sau la \u00eenceputul prim\u0103verii, deoarece copacul poate s\u00e2ngera seva.<\/p>\n\n

Iernare:<\/strong> Un strat gros de mulci sub copac \u00eel poate ajuta s\u0103 se protejeze de daunele de iarn\u0103. Urm\u0103ri\u021bi nivelul apei din copac, deoarece ninsorile nu asigur\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna suficient\u0103 umiditate.<\/p>\n\n

D\u0103un\u0103tori \u0219i boli<\/h2>\n\n

To\u021bi mestecenii pot c\u0103dea victime ale g\u0103rg\u0103ri\u021bei de mesteac\u0103n de bronz, un d\u0103un\u0103tor de insecte devastator. Copacii afecta\u021bi prezint\u0103 frunze \u00eeng\u0103lbenite \u0219i v\u00e2rfuri de ramuri maro. T\u0103ia\u021bi ramurile afectate \u0219i folosi\u021bi un pesticid conceput pentru a controla insectele. Mestec\u0103nii pot fi, de asemenea, susceptibili la afide, scheletonizatoare de mesteac\u0103n \u0219i minatori de frunze de mesteac\u0103n, mai ales atunci c\u00e2nd sunt sl\u0103bi\u021bi de secet\u0103.<\/p>\n\n

Alternative la mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie<\/h2>\n\n

Dac\u0103 g\u0103rg\u0103ri\u021ba de mesteac\u0103n de bronz reprezint\u0103 o preocupare \u00een zona dvs., lua\u021bi \u00een considerare plantarea mesteac\u0103nului de r\u00e2u, care are straturi ro\u0219iatice-maronii de scoar\u021b\u0103 care se exfoliaz\u0103 dramatic \u00een straturi. Alte alternative includ mesteac\u0103nul argintiu, care are o rezisten\u021b\u0103 excelent\u0103 la c\u0103ldur\u0103; mesteac\u0103nul cenu\u0219iu, care tolereaz\u0103 solurile mai uscate; \u0219i mesteac\u0103nul himalayan, care ofer\u0103 umbr\u0103 excelent\u0103.<\/p>\n\n

Subiecte conexe<\/h2>\n\n
    \n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de mestecenii cenu\u0219ii<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • 12 tipuri comune de mesteceni<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de mesteac\u0103nul argintiu<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de mesteac\u0103nul de r\u00e2u<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de un stejar ro\u0219u<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de mesteac\u0103nul himalayan<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de un copac de morcovi<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de un m\u0103r decorativ \u00eenflorit<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de fistic chinezesc<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de un pin umbrel\u0103 japonez<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de Prunus Mume (flori de prun)<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • 6 mesteceni cu un frunzi\u0219 de toamn\u0103 superb<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de un avocado<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de o magnolie stea<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de hibiscus de mla\u0219tin\u0103<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Cum s\u0103 cre\u0219ti \u0219i s\u0103 ai grij\u0103 de magnolie farfurie<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie: Un ghid complet pentru cultivare \u0219i \u00eengrijire Caracteristici \u0219i identificare Mesteac\u0103nul de h\u00e2rtie (Betula papyrifera) este un arbore cu cre\u0219tere rapid\u0103, dar de scurt\u0103 durat\u0103, cunoscut pentru…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1823],"tags":[8819,5456,9177,9706,252,3071],"class_list":["post-5491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-botany","tag-landscaping","tag-trees","tag-tree-care","tag-paper-birch","tag-nature","tag-forestry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5491"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5492,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5491\/revisions\/5492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}