{"id":9509,"date":"2024-07-10T22:20:13","date_gmt":"2024-07-10T22:20:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=9509"},"modified":"2024-07-10T22:20:13","modified_gmt":"2024-07-10T22:20:13","slug":"growing-and-caring-for-satsuma-orange-trees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/life\/gardening\/growing-and-caring-for-satsuma-orange-trees\/","title":{"rendered":"Cultivarea \u0219i \u00eengrijirea portocalilor Satsuma: Un ghid complet"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultivarea \u0219i \u00eengrijirea portocalilor Satsuma<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prezentare general\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>Portocala Satsuma (Citrus unshiu) este un fruct citric dulce \u0219i rezistent la frig, originar din China. Cunoscut\u0103 pentru coaja sa sl\u0103bit\u0103, ca de piele \u0219i pulpa delicat\u0103, Satsuma este o alegere popular\u0103 pentru gr\u0103dinarii casnici. Cu \u00eengrijirea corespunz\u0103toare, pomii Satsuma pot prospera \u0219i produce fructe abundente timp de mul\u021bi ani.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plantare \u0219i \u00eengrijire<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Loca\u021bie:<\/strong> Satsumele prefer\u0103 soarele plin \u0219i solul bine drenat. Alege\u021bi un loc protejat de v\u00e2nturile puternice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Plantare:<\/strong> Planta\u021bi copacii tineri la \u00eenceputul prim\u0103verii, c\u00e2nd temperatura solului este constant peste 50 de grade Fahrenheit. S\u0103pa\u021bi o groap\u0103 de dou\u0103 ori mai lat\u0103 dec\u00e2t balotul r\u0103d\u0103cinii \u0219i la fel de ad\u00e2nc\u0103. Planta\u021bi pomul astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t uniunea altoiului (unde se \u00eent\u00e2lnesc portaltoiul \u0219i altoiul) s\u0103 fie chiar deasupra liniei solului.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Udare:<\/strong> Pomii Satsuma au nevoie de udare regulat\u0103, mai ales \u00een timpul sezonului de cre\u0219tere. Uda\u021bi ad\u00e2nc \u0219i rar, l\u0103s\u00e2nd solul s\u0103 se usuce u\u0219or \u00eentre ud\u0103ri.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fertilizare:<\/strong> Fertiliza\u021bi pomii Satsuma anual la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii ianuarie sau \u00eenceputul lunii februarie. Utiliza\u021bi un \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103m\u00e2nt echilibrat pentru citrice care con\u021bine azot, fosfor \u0219i potasiu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u0103iere:<\/strong> T\u0103ia\u021bi pomii Satsuma la \u00eenceputul prim\u0103verii, dup\u0103 ce pericolul de \u00eenghe\u021b a trecut. \u00cendep\u0103rta\u021bi toate ramurile at\u00e2rnate sau moarte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00cenmul\u021bire<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Altoire:<\/strong> Majoritatea pomilor Satsuma v\u00e2ndu\u021bi comercial sunt altoi\u021bi pe portaltoi dintr-un alt tip de citrice. Altoirea este un proces delicat, cel mai bine l\u0103sat produc\u0103torilor experimenta\u021bi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00cenmul\u021birea buta\u0219ilor:<\/strong> Este posibil s\u0103 \u00eenmul\u021bi\u021bi pomii Satsuma prin \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinarea buta\u0219ilor de ramuri, dar pomii rezulta\u021bi pot s\u0103 nu se comporte la fel ca arborele p\u0103rinte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cre\u0219tere din semin\u021be<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Provoc\u0103ri:<\/strong> Cultivarea pomilor Satsuma din semin\u021be este o provocare, deoarece fructele nu au, \u00een mare parte, semin\u021be, iar pomii rezulta\u021bi pot s\u0103 nu semene cu arborele p\u0103rinte.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Metod\u0103:<\/strong> Dac\u0103 dori\u021bi, extrage\u021bi semin\u021bele din fructele coapte \u0219i planta\u021bi-le \u00eentr-un ghiveci umplut cu un amestec de p\u0103m\u00e2nt pentru pomi citrici. Men\u021bine\u021bi amestecul de p\u0103m\u00e2nt umed \u0219i asigura\u021bi lumin\u0103 indirect\u0103 puternic\u0103. Germinarea poate dura c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plantare \u00een ghivece \u0219i replantare<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dimensiunea ghiveciului:<\/strong> Pomii Satsuma pot fi cultiva\u021bi \u00een ghivece mici de 20 de galoane. Alege\u021bi un ghiveci cu orificii de drenaj suficiente.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Amestec de p\u0103m\u00e2nt:<\/strong> Utiliza\u021bi un amestec de p\u0103m\u00e2nt comercial pentru pomi citrici.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Replantare:<\/strong> Replanta\u021bi pomii Satsuma la fiecare trei p\u00e2n\u0103 la patru ani sau atunci c\u00e2nd r\u0103d\u0103cinile \u00eencep s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 ghiveciul.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Iernare<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Protec\u021bie:<\/strong> \u00cen regiunile cu temperaturi de \u00eenghe\u021b, pomii Satsuma \u00een ghivece pot fi adu\u0219i \u00een interior, \u00eentr-un loc \u00eensorit.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protec\u021bie \u00een aer liber:<\/strong> Pomii din p\u0103m\u00e2nt pot fi proteja\u021bi de \u00eenghe\u021b cu o p\u0103tur\u0103 de \u00eenghe\u021b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hr\u0103nire:<\/strong> Sus\u021bine\u021bi hr\u0103nirea \u00een timpul lunilor de iarn\u0103 pentru copacii tineri, dar copacii maturi pot fi hr\u0103ni\u021bi la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii ianuarie sau \u00eenceputul lunii februarie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recoltare<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Moment:<\/strong> Satsumele sunt recoltate \u00een general \u00eentre octombrie \u0219i decembrie, \u00een func\u021bie de soi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indicatori:<\/strong> Satsumelor coapte au o coaj\u0103 mai sl\u0103bit\u0103 \u0219i o suprafa\u021b\u0103 denivelat\u0103. Culoarea poate varia de la verde la ro\u0219u-portocaliu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Metod\u0103:<\/strong> T\u0103ia\u021bi fructul de pe pom, \u00een loc s\u0103 \u00eel smulge\u021bi, pentru a evita deteriorarea cojii.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u0103un\u0103tori \u0219i boli<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>D\u0103un\u0103tori comuni:<\/strong> Afide, p\u0103duchi l\u0103\u021bo\u0219i, acarieni \u0219i co\u0219enile.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Boli comune:<\/strong> Scabia portocalelor acre, boli fungice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tratament:<\/strong> Spray-urile fungicide preventive pot ajuta la controlul bolilor fungice. Pentru d\u0103un\u0103tori, utiliza\u021bi s\u0103pun insecticid sau ulei de neem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00cenflorire \u0219i fructificare<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Perioada de \u00eenflorire:<\/strong> Pomii Satsuma \u00eenfloresc de obicei la \u00eenceputul prim\u0103verii, din martie p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een aprilie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fructificare:<\/strong> Fructele verzi devin evidente \u00een august \u0219i devin portocalii<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cultivarea \u0219i \u00eengrijirea portocalilor Satsuma Prezentare general\u0103 Portocala Satsuma (Citrus unshiu) este un fruct citric dulce \u0219i rezistent la frig, originar din China. Cunoscut\u0103 pentru coaja sa sl\u0103bit\u0103, ca de&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":23834,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[9485,8848,13818,9617,13819],"class_list":["post-9509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gardening","tag-citrus","tag-gardening","tag-home-orchard","tag-fruit-trees","tag-satsuma-oranges"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9509"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9509\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9510,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9509\/revisions\/9510"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}