\u0420\u0443\u0438\u043d\u044b \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0430, 13 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, Mo\u011fol \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fkenti, uzun zamand\u0131r arkeologlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fclemi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, \u015fehrin fiziksel kan\u0131tlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Avrupal\u0131 gezginlerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 hesaplar\u0131 lehine g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n
\u015eimdi, ilk kez, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar Karaorum’un ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir haritas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in geli\u015fmi\u015f jeofizik y\u00f6ntemleri kulland\u0131lar. Antiquity dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan bulgular, bu terk edilmi\u015f Avrasya \u015fehrine ili\u015fkin bilgimizi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geni\u015fletmektedir.<\/p>\n\n
Cengiz Han, Karakorum’u 1220 civar\u0131nda, Orhun Nehri vadisinde stratejik olarak konumlanan bir yurt kamp\u0131 olarak kurdu. Potansiyelini fark ederek o\u011flu ve halefi \u00d6geday, Karakorum’u Mo\u011fol \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fkenti olarak se\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n
Zamanla Karakorum, \u0130pek Yolu boyunca gelen diplomatlar\u0131n, t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n ve gezginlerin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geli\u015fen bir metropol haline geldi. \u00c7inli zanaatkarlar ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman t\u00fcccarlar, g\u00f6rkemine katk\u0131da bulunarak g\u00f6rkemli bir saray ve di\u011fer etkileyici yap\u0131lar\u0131 in\u015fa ettiler.<\/p>\n\n
Ana yazar Jan Bemmann ve ekibi, yerin alt\u0131nda kaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n bir haritas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in 465 hektarl\u0131k bir alan\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in bir SQUID (s\u00fcper iletken kuantum giri\u015fim cihaz\u0131) kulland\u0131. Bu veriler, hava foto\u011fraflar\u0131, tarihsel kay\u0131tlar ve \u00f6nceki incelemelerle birle\u015fti\u011finde Karakorum’un yo\u011funlu\u011fu ve yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Yeni harita, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n bir zamanlar b\u00fcy\u00fck tu\u011fla binalar\u0131n durdu\u011fu ve yollar\u0131n bir zamanlar araziden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi yerleri belirlemelerine olanak tan\u0131yor. Elit mahalleler \u015fehir surlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131rken, ikmal yerle\u015fimleri ve \u00fcretim tesisleri \u00e7evreleyen Orhun Nehri vadisine uzan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
Bemmann, “Sadece bir imparatorluk \u015fehrinden de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir imparatorluk vadisinden bahsediyoruz” dedi.<\/p>\n\n
Flaman bir Fransisken ke\u015fi\u015f olan Rubrucklu William, 1254’te Karakorum’u ziyaret etti ve g\u00f6rkemini yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda anlatt\u0131. \u00d6zellikle, \u015farap ve k\u0131srak s\u00fct\u00fc gibi i\u00e7ecekler da\u011f\u0131tan bir a\u011fa\u00e7 \u015feklinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u00e7e\u015fmeden etkilendi.<\/p>\n\n
Mo\u011follar\u0131n askeri g\u00fcc\u00fc ve fethedilen b\u00f6lgelerden yetenekli insanlar\u0131 toplama konusundaki yetenekleri Karakorum’un refah\u0131na katk\u0131da bulundu. Ancak, \u00f6ncelikle g\u00f6\u00e7ebe olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fehir in\u015faat\u0131 konusunda onlara tavsiyelerde bulunmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in tutsaklar\u0131na g\u00fcvenmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130lgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde, Karakorum’un \u015fehir surlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki arazinin tam y\u00fczde 40’\u0131 bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, bu da belki de Mo\u011follar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7ebe miras\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131yordu. 15. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Karakorum neredeyse tamamen terk edilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n
\u015eehrin kesin konumu 1889’da yeniden ke\u015ffedildi, ancak arkeolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131. Jeofizik haritas\u0131na dayanan Karakorum’un yeni dijital yeniden in\u015fas\u0131, \u015fehrin d\u00fczenini ve tarihini anlamak i\u00e7in de\u011ferli bir ara\u00e7 sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n
Bemmann, “Haritan\u0131n g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e b\u00fcy\u00fcyen s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na tan\u0131k olmak \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131” dedi. “\u015eehrin eklenen her par\u00e7as\u0131yla anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z da artt\u0131.”<\/p>\n\n
Karakorum’un ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 haritas\u0131, Mo\u011fol \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun etkisi, yetenekli tutsaklar\u0131n \u015fehir in\u015fas\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc ve bir zamanlar b\u00fcy\u00fck olan bu ba\u015fkentin kal\u0131c\u0131 miras\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgiler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c: \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0420\u0443\u0438\u043d\u044b \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0430, 13 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, Mo\u011fol \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fkenti, uzun zamand\u0131r arkeologlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fclemi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, \u015fehrin fiziksel kan\u0131tlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Avrupal\u0131 gezginlerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 hesaplar\u0131 lehine…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7494],"tags":[88,564,27],"class_list":["post-14814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology-and-history","tag-archaeology","tag-exploration","tag-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14814"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14815,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14814\/revisions\/14815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}