{"id":10717,"date":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=10717"},"modified":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-06T21:40:26","slug":"how-to-grow-and-care-for-jalapeno-peppers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/life\/gardening\/how-to-grow-and-care-for-jalapeno-peppers\/","title":{"rendered":"Jalape\u00f1o Biberlerinin Yeti\u015ftirilmesi ve Bak\u0131m\u0131: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir K\u0131lavuz"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jalape\u00f1o Biberlerinin Yeti\u015ftirilmesi ve Bak\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yeti\u015ftirme<\/h3>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ne Zaman Ekilir:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131 sever, bu nedenle toprak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 18\u00b0C&#8217;yi ge\u00e7tikten sonra tohumlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ekin. Alternatif olarak, son beklenen don tarihinden 8-10 hafta \u00f6nce i\u00e7 mekanda tohum ekmeye ba\u015flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dikim:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gen\u00e7 bitkiler, gece s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak 16\u00b0C&#8217;yi a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bah\u00e7eye dikilebilir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yer Se\u00e7imi:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri, iyi drene olan, organik maddece zengin ve g\u00fcne\u015fli bir yer ister. Hastal\u0131k bula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in di\u011fer patl\u0131cangiller familyas\u0131 \u00fcyelerinin yak\u0131n\u0131na dikmekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aral\u0131k ve Derinlik:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bitkiler aras\u0131nda 35-40 cm, s\u0131ralar aras\u0131nda 60-90 cm bo\u015fluk b\u0131rak\u0131n. Tohumlar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,6 cm derinli\u011fe ekin. Daha uzun \u00e7e\u015fitler destek yap\u0131s\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyabilir.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bak\u0131m<\/h3>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I\u015f\u0131k:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri tam g\u00fcne\u015fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyar ve g\u00fcnde en az alt\u0131 saat do\u011frudan g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 almal\u0131d\u0131r. Biraz g\u00f6lgeye tolerans g\u00f6sterseler de b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve meyve \u00fcretimi azalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toprak:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri i\u00e7in ideal toprak, hafif asidik ila n\u00f6tr pH&#8217;l\u0131, verimli, nemli ve iyi drene olur. Yo\u011fun, suyla dolu topraklardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Su:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri, di\u011fer patl\u0131cangiller familyas\u0131 \u00fcyelerine k\u0131yasla bol suya ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Toprak yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,5 cm derinlikte kurudu\u011funda sulay\u0131n, ancak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sulamadan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n. Kal\u0131n bir mal\u00e7 tabakas\u0131 nemi korumaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve Nem:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in optimum s\u0131cakl\u0131klar g\u00fcnd\u00fcz 18-29\u00b0C, gece 16-21\u00b0C&#8217;dir. 32\u00b0C&#8217;nin \u00fczerindeki s\u00fcrekli \u0131s\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klar \u00e7i\u00e7ek d\u00f6k\u00fclmesine neden olabilir ve meyve vermeyi azaltabilir. Orta d\u00fczeyde nem idealdir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcbreleme:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri \u00e7ok besin ister. Dikimden \u00f6nce topra\u011f\u0131 kompostla de\u011fi\u015ftirin. B\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi boyunca, maksimum verim i\u00e7in kompost veya dengeli bir g\u00fcbre ile ek besleme yap\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tozla\u015fma:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o bitkileri r\u00fczgar\u0131n ve tozlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla kendi kendine tozla\u015f\u0131r ve di\u011fer biber t\u00fcrleriyle \u00e7apraz tozla\u015fabilirler. Tozla\u015fmay\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bitkileri birka\u00e7 g\u00fcnde bir hafif\u00e7e sallayarak polenleri da\u011f\u0131t\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jalape\u00f1o Biber T\u00fcrleri<\/h3>\n\n<p>Zamanla, her biri benzersiz \u00f6zelliklere sahip \u00e7e\u015fitli biber \u00e7e\u015fitleri yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&#8216;Seniorita&#8217;<\/strong>: Yakla\u015f\u0131k 7,5 cm uzunlu\u011funda, orta derecede ac\u0131 olan, koyu ye\u015fil biberler olgunla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a mor ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya d\u00f6ner.<\/li>\n<li><strong>&#8216;Fresno Chile&#8217;<\/strong>: Hafif ac\u0131 olan, 5 cm&#8217;lik daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck biberler \u00fcretir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>&#8216;Sierra Fuego&#8217;<\/strong>: 80 g\u00fcnde olgunla\u015fan, orta derecede ac\u0131 olan, 8,75 cm&#8217;lik biberleri olan melez bir \u00e7e\u015fittir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>&#8216;Mucho Nacho&#8217;<\/strong>: 68 g\u00fcnde nispeten hafif ac\u0131 olan, 10 cm uzunlu\u011funda biberlerle h\u0131zla olgunla\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jalape\u00f1o ve Serrano Biberleri<\/h3>\n\n<p>C. annuum t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir di\u011fer \u00fcyesi olan serrano biberleri de g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ve tat bak\u0131m\u0131ndan jalape\u00f1o biberlerine benzer. Ancak serrano biberleri genellikle daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha ac\u0131d\u0131r, jalape\u00f1o biberlerinden yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f kat daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hasat<\/h3>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri olgunla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a a\u00e7\u0131k ye\u015filden parlak koyu ye\u015file, sonunda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, turuncu veya sar\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Maksimum ac\u0131 i\u00e7in, tam boyutlar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda (genellikle yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 cm) ve koyu ye\u015filken (renk de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden \u00f6nce) toplay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Biberlerin bitkide tamamen olgunla\u015fmas\u0131na izin verilirse, \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 korurken daha tatl\u0131 bir tat geli\u015ftirirler. Biberleri budama makas\u0131yla kesin ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir sap b\u0131rak\u0131n. Meyveyi \u00e7ekmekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu, k\u0131r\u0131lgan saplara zarar verebilir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Biberleri dondan koruyun ve parlak bir pencerenin yak\u0131n\u0131na yerle\u015ftirerek i\u00e7 mekanda olgunla\u015fmaya devam edin.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Saks\u0131da Yeti\u015ftirme<\/h3>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o biberleri, tercihen 11 litre veya daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve geni\u015f drenaj delikleri olan kaplarda geli\u015fir. S\u0131rs\u0131z pi\u015fmi\u015f toprak saks\u0131lar fazla nemin d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verir. \u0130yi drene olan bir saks\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131n ve ekimden sonra bol sulay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Kapta yeti\u015ftirme, g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na maruz kalmay\u0131 optimize etmenize ve so\u011fuk havalarda bitkileri i\u00e7eri alman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131yan hareketlilik avantaj\u0131 sunar. S\u0131k sulama nedeniyle olu\u015fan besin kayb\u0131n\u0131 telafi etmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli olarak s\u0131v\u0131 g\u00fcbre ile g\u00fcbreleyin.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budama<\/h3>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o bitkilerinin genellikle budamaya ihtiyac\u0131 yoktur. Ancak, meyve verimini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bitkinin taban\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri \u00e7\u0131kararak enerjiyi ana g\u00f6vdeye y\u00f6nlendirin.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dcretim<\/h3>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o bitkileri tohum, \u00e7elik veya fidanl\u0131klardan \u00fcretilebilir. \u00c7elikler, belirli bir bitkiyi arzu edilen meyve verme \u00f6zellikleriyle klonlamak i\u00e7in uygun maliyetli bir y\u00f6ntemdir:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir yaprak d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn hemen alt\u0131ndan 45 derecelik bir a\u00e7\u0131yla 10-15 cm&#8217;lik bir g\u00f6vde par\u00e7as\u0131 kesin.<\/li>\n<li>Alt yapraklar\u0131 ve varsa \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri veya meyveleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Kesilen ucu k\u00f6klendirme hormonuna bat\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7e\u00e7e\u011fi topraks\u0131z, nemli bir saks\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131na dikin.<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131cak (21\u00b0C) ve parlak, dolayl\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 bir ortam sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00f6kler yakla\u015f\u0131k iki hafta i\u00e7inde geli\u015fmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tohumlardan Yeti\u015ftirme<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tohumlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131da son beklenen don tarihinden 8-10 hafta \u00f6nce ekin. \u00c7imlenme s\u0131ras\u0131nda tepsiyi 16 saat yapay \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa maruz b\u0131rak\u0131n ve toprak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 18-27\u00b0C aras\u0131nda tutun.<\/p>\n\n<p>Fideler iki ger\u00e7ek yaprak seti geli\u015ftirdi\u011finde, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck saks\u0131lara saks\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131yla dikin. 15-20 cm boyuna ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda, bah\u00e7eye dikmeden \u00f6nce iki hafta boyunca (sertle\u015ftirme) yava\u015f yava\u015f d\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullara maruz b\u0131rak\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0131\u015flatma<\/h3>\n\n<p>Jalape\u00f1o bitkilerini daha so\u011fuk iklimlerde k\u0131\u015flatmak i\u00e7in, ilk dondan \u00f6nce bir kaba dikin ve i\u00e7eri al\u0131n. Bitkiyi tercihen g\u00fcneye bakan parlak bir pencerenin yak\u0131n\u0131na yerle\u015ftirin. Cereyanlardan ve kuru havadan koruyun. Topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst 1 cm&#8217;si kurudu\u011funda sulay\u0131n. Bitki yetersiz \u0131\u015f\u0131k nedeniyle uzunla\u015f\u0131rsa saplar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zararl\u0131lar ve Hastal\u0131klar<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u00c7o\u011fu sebze gibi, jalape\u00f1o biberleri de patl\u0131cangiller familyas\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olan \u00e7e\u015fitli zararl\u0131lara ve hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 hassast\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Yaprak bitleri:<\/strong> Bitkilerin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc emen, onlar\u0131 zay\u0131flatan ve hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 daha duyarl\u0131 hale getiren k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ye\u015fil veya beyaz b\u00f6cekler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Salatal\u0131k b\u00f6ce\u011fi larvalar\u0131:<\/strong> Gen\u00e7 bitkilerin k\u00f6kleriyle beslenerek hasara neden olur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Biber kurdu t\u0131rt\u0131llar\u0131:<\/strong> Yapraklarda b\u00fcy\u00fck delikler \u00e7i\u011fneyen ye\u015filimsi t\u0131rt\u0131llar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Akarlar:<\/strong> Yaprak deformasyonuna veya renk bozulmas\u0131na neden olan mikroskobik b\u00f6cekler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fusarium solgunlu\u011fu:<\/strong> Bitkileri zay\u0131flatan ve sarartan mantar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Antraknoz:<\/strong> Meyvede koyu renkli \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fck noktalar olu\u015fturan mantar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jalape\u00f1o Biberlerinin Yeti\u015ftirilmesi ve Bak\u0131m\u0131 Yeti\u015ftirme Ne Zaman Ekilir: Jalape\u00f1o biberleri s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131 sever, bu nedenle toprak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 18\u00b0C&#8217;yi ge\u00e7tikten sonra tohumlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ekin. Alternatif olarak, son beklenen don tarihinden 8-10&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[12828,8848,10382,14797],"class_list":["post-10717","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gardening","tag-spicy-peppers","tag-gardening","tag-homegrown-produce","tag-capsicum-annuum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10717"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10717\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10718,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10717\/revisions\/10718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10717"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10717"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}