{"id":11049,"date":"2024-08-10T16:25:48","date_gmt":"2024-08-10T16:25:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11049"},"modified":"2024-08-10T16:25:48","modified_gmt":"2024-08-10T16:25:48","slug":"growing-and-caring-for-sesame-plants-a-comprehensive-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/agriculture\/growing-and-caring-for-sesame-plants-a-comprehensive-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Susam Bitkilerini Yeti\u015ftirme ve Bak\u0131m\u0131: Kapsaml\u0131 K\u0131lavuz"},"content":{"rendered":"

Susam Bitkilerini Yeti\u015ftirme ve Bak\u0131m\u0131: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir K\u0131lavuz<\/h2>\n\n

\u0130deal Ortam\u0131n Se\u00e7ilmesi<\/h2>\n\n

Tropikal \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k bitkiler olan susam bitkileri, iyi drene olmu\u015f, kurak ko\u015fullarda ve bol g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda geli\u015firler. Kurakl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir tolerans g\u00f6stererek, su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na meyilli b\u00f6lgeler i\u00e7in uygun hale gelirler. Bir dikme yeri se\u00e7erken, iyi drene olmu\u015f topra\u011fa, n\u00f6tr pH’a ve do\u011frudan g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na geni\u015f maruziyete sahip alanlar\u0131 tercih edin.<\/p>\n\n

Dikim ve \u00dcretim<\/h2>\n\n

Susam bitkilerini son don tarihinden 4-6 hafta \u00f6nce i\u00e7 mek\u00e2nda ba\u015flat\u0131n. Tohumlar\u0131 1\/4 in\u00e7 derinli\u011fe nemli tohum ba\u015flatma kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ekin ve s\u0131cak tutun (68-75 \u00b0F). Fideler sa\u011flam g\u00f6vdeler geli\u015ftirdikten sonra, son don tarihinden sonra d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya dikin. Alternatif olarak, susam bitkileri, topra\u011f\u0131n yeterince s\u0131cak ve iyi drene oldu\u011fundan emin olarak do\u011frudan d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ekilerek \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n

Temel Bak\u0131m Gereksinimleri<\/h2>\n\n

Sulama:<\/strong> Susam bitkilerinin su ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 m\u00fctevaz\u0131d\u0131r. Topra\u011f\u0131n sulamalar aras\u0131nda kurumas\u0131na izin vererek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc bir \u015fekilde sulay\u0131n. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sulamadan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 nem k\u00f6k \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n

G\u00fcbreleme:<\/strong> Susam bitkilerini, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7i\u00e7eklenmeden \u00f6nce, b\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi boyunca azot bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin bir g\u00fcbre ile besleyin. Alternatif olarak, dikmeden \u00f6nce topra\u011f\u0131 kompost veya g\u00fcbre ile zenginle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n

Budama:<\/strong> Susam bitkileri genellikle kapsaml\u0131 bir budama gerektirmez. Bununla birlikte, \u00e7ok fazla b\u00fcy\u00fcrlerse veya hastal\u0131kl\u0131 yapraklar geli\u015ftirirlerse, etkilenen yapraklar\u0131 veya saplar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gibi kesin.<\/p>\n\n

Zararl\u0131 ve Hastal\u0131k Y\u00f6netimi<\/h2>\n\n

Susam bitkileri, ye\u015fil \u015feftali yaprak bitleri ve \u00e7ekirgeler dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli zararl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 hassast\u0131r. Bitkilerinizi d\u00fczenli olarak inceleyin ve uygun b\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak istilalar\u0131 derhal tedavi edin. Susam bitkilerini etkileyen yayg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda k\u00f6k \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi ve bakteriyel yaprak lekesi bulunur. Bu sorunlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in uygun drenaj\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sulamadan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n

Susam Tohumu Hasad\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Susam tohumlar\u0131 bitkinin alt\u0131ndan yukar\u0131ya do\u011fru olgunla\u015f\u0131r. Tohum kabuklar\u0131 genellikle yaz sonunda b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tohumlar\u0131 toplay\u0131n. Saplar\u0131 kesin ve tohumlar\u0131n daha fazla kurumas\u0131na izin vermek i\u00e7in kuru bir yerde d\u00fcz bir \u015fekilde yay\u0131n. Kabuklar tamamen a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, tohumlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in saplara vurun.<\/p>\n\n

Susam Tohumu Depolama<\/h2>\n\n

Susam tohumlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek ya\u011f i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahiptir, bu da uygun \u015fekilde saklanmazlarsa bozulmaya yol a\u00e7abilir. Lezzetini korumak ve ac\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in tohumlar\u0131 serin ve kuru bir yerde hava ge\u00e7irmez kaplarda saklay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n

Yayg\u0131n Sorunlar\u0131n Giderilmesi<\/h2>\n\n

A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Nem:<\/strong> A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sulama, susam bitkilerinde yayg\u0131n bir sorundur. Topra\u011f\u0131n iyi drene oldu\u011fundan emin olun ve \u00e7ok s\u0131k sulamaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n

Besin Eksiklikleri:<\/strong> Azot eksikli\u011fi bitki b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engelleyebilir ve tohum \u00fcretimini azaltabilir. Azot bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin bir g\u00fcbre ile d\u00fczenli olarak g\u00fcbreleyin.<\/p>\n\n

Zararl\u0131lar:<\/strong> Ye\u015fil \u015feftali yaprak bitleri ve \u00e7ekirgeler susam bitkilerine zarar verebilir. Uygun b\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak istilalar\u0131 derhal tedavi edin.<\/p>\n\n

Hastal\u0131klar:<\/strong> K\u00f6k \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi ve bakteriyel yaprak lekesi susam bitkilerini etkileyebilir. Bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in iyi drenaj\u0131 destekleyin ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sulamadan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c7i\u00e7ek \u00dcretiminin Maksimize Edilmesi<\/h2>\n\n

Susam bitkileri, bah\u00e7eye s\u00fcs de\u011feri katan g\u00f6steri\u015fli, \u00e7an \u015feklindeki \u00e7i\u00e7ekler \u00fcretir. Bol \u00e7i\u00e7eklenmeyi te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in bitkilerin bol g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. Hava dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in yeterli bo\u015fluk sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n

Ek \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n
    \n
  • Susam bitkilerini kaplarda yeti\u015ftirirken, k\u00f6k topundan biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir saks\u0131 se\u00e7in. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 saks\u0131lardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu su birikmesine neden olabilir.<\/li>\n
  • Susam bitkileri, lavanta, kekik ve sedumlar gibi kurakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 di\u011fer t\u00fcrlerle birlikte dikilebilir.<\/li>\n
  • K\u0131sa bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi olan bir b\u00f6lgede ya\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, susam bitkilerini ilkbahar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda i\u00e7 mek\u00e2nda ba\u015flatmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/li>\n
  • Susam tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 saklamadan \u00f6nce kavurmak lezzetini art\u0131rabilir ve bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Susam Bitkilerini Yeti\u015ftirme ve Bak\u0131m\u0131: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir K\u0131lavuz \u0130deal Ortam\u0131n Se\u00e7ilmesi Tropikal \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k bitkiler olan susam bitkileri, iyi drene olmu\u015f, kurak ko\u015fullarda ve bol g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda geli\u015firler. Kurakl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":24039,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1196],"tags":[8848,9704,9328,15047,5686,4648],"class_list":["post-11049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","tag-gardening","tag-growing","tag-harvesting","tag-sesame-plants","tag-troubleshooting","tag-sustainable-living"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11049"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11050,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11049\/revisions\/11050"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}