2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ma\u011fara mele\u011fi bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinen k\u00f6r bir ma\u011fara bal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dikkat \u00e7ekici bir yetenek ke\u015ffettiler. Bu e\u015fsiz t\u00fcr, d\u00f6rt uzvunu da kullanarak karada bir semender gibi y\u00fcr\u00fcyebilir.<\/p>\n\n
Ma\u011fara mele\u011fi bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131, al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k anatomisinde yatmaktad\u0131r. Bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi taramas\u0131, karada ya\u015fayan hayvanlara benzer bir le\u011fen kemi\u011fine ve omurgaya sahip oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur; bu da suda ya\u015fayan atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n karada y\u00fcr\u00fcmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fmi\u015f olabilece\u011fine dair bir fikir vermektedir.<\/p>\n\n
\u015eimdi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, ma\u011fara mele\u011fi bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n akrabas\u0131 olan en az on ba\u015fka dere kereviti t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn de ayn\u0131 garip anatomiyi payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve karada y\u00fcr\u00fcyebileceklerini ke\u015ffettiler.<\/p>\n\n
Bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi taramalar\u0131 ve DNA analizi kullanarak bilim insanlar\u0131, 30 dere kereviti t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn anatomisini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131lar. On t\u00fcr\u00fcn, ma\u011fara mele\u011fi bal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ayn\u0131 sa\u011flam ba\u011flant\u0131ya, yani le\u011fen yap\u0131lar\u0131 ile omurga aras\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011funu buldular.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130lgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc le\u011fen kemi\u011finin, tek bir atadan miras kalmak yerine, dere kereviti familyas\u0131 i\u00e7inde muhtemelen birka\u00e7 kez evrimle\u015fti\u011fini tespit ettiler. Bu, karada y\u00fcr\u00fcme yetene\u011finin, benzer \u00e7evresel bask\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak evrimle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n
Ma\u011fara mele\u011fi bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve akrabalar\u0131, karada y\u00fcr\u00fcmek i\u00e7in benzersiz bir d\u00f6rt y\u00fczge\u00e7li y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f kullan\u0131rlar. \u00d6n y\u00fczge\u00e7lerini baston olarak kullanan veya v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131 sallayan di\u011fer bal\u0131klar\u0131n aksine, bu bal\u0131klar\u0131n omurga ile le\u011fen y\u00fczge\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda kemiksel bir ba\u011flant\u0131 vard\u0131r; bu da a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemelerine ve karada verimli bir \u015fekilde hareket etmelerine olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Sa\u011flam le\u011fen kemi\u011fi ve omurgayla g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011flant\u0131, karada y\u00fcr\u00fcmek i\u00e7in gerekli yap\u0131sal deste\u011fi sa\u011flar. Bu uyarlamalar, bal\u0131klar\u0131n \u015felalelerden t\u0131rmanmalar\u0131na ve ma\u011fara dere ekosistemlerinin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine eri\u015fmelerine olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu bal\u0131klar\u0131n nas\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcklerinin mekani\u011fini inceleyerek, nesli t\u00fckenmi\u015f ilk hayvanlar\u0131n nas\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f olabilecekleri hakk\u0131nda fikir edinebileceklerine inan\u0131yorlar. Evrimsel tarih boyunca, organizmalar benzer \u00e7evresel bask\u0131lara yan\u0131t olarak tekrar tekrar benzer morfolojiler geli\u015ftirdiler.<\/p>\n\n
Bu y\u00fcr\u00fcyen bal\u0131klar\u0131n anatomik uyarlamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve evrimsel yollar\u0131n\u0131 anlayarak bilim insanlar\u0131, nesli t\u00fckenmi\u015f t\u00fcrlerin hareketlerini daha iyi yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rabilir ve omurgal\u0131lar\u0131n evriminin bulmacas\u0131n\u0131 bir araya getirebilirler.<\/p>\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ekibi, bu b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bal\u0131klar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam ediyor. Ek \u00f6rnekler toplad\u0131lar ve dere kerevitlerinin e\u015fsiz hareketini yakalamak i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 video kullan\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n
Gelecekteki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, en sa\u011flam le\u011fen yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip on t\u00fcr\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fcme yeteneklerini belgelemeyi ve bu dikkate de\u011fer \u00f6zelli\u011fin evrimini y\u00f6nlendiren \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layacak.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ma\u011fara Mele\u011fi Bal\u0131klar\u0131 ve Dere Kerevitleri: Su Alt\u0131 D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00fcr\u00fcyen Harikalar\u0131 Gizli Bir Yetenek Sahip Garip Bal\u0131klar 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ma\u011fara mele\u011fi bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinen k\u00f6r bir ma\u011fara bal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dikkat…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24667,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[15842,141,136,15843,15844,7128],"class_list":["post-11714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-cave-angel-fish","tag-natural-history","tag-evolution","tag-hillstream-loaches","tag-terrestrial-locomotion","tag-walking-fish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11714"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24668,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11714\/revisions\/24668"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}