{"id":11791,"date":"2023-09-02T03:37:40","date_gmt":"2023-09-02T03:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11791"},"modified":"2023-09-02T03:37:40","modified_gmt":"2023-09-02T03:37:40","slug":"yellowstone-national-park-native-land-rights-conservation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/life\/history\/yellowstone-national-park-native-land-rights-conservation\/","title":{"rendered":"Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131: Yerli Toprak Haklar\u0131 ve Koruman\u0131n Miras\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131: Yerli Toprak Haklar\u0131 ve Koruman\u0131n Miras\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131’n\u0131n Tarihi<\/h2>\n\n

1872’de kurulan Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131, jeotermal harikalar\u0131, yaban hayat\u0131 ve do\u011fal manzaralar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, kurulu\u015fu, \u00f6zellikle Lakota halk\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadelesiyle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n

Oturan Bo\u011fa ve Lakota Toprak Haklar\u0131 M\u00fccadelesi<\/h2>\n\n

\u00d6nemli bir Lakota lideri olan Oturan Bo\u011fa, Yellowstone’un tarihini \u015fekillendirmede \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1860’lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, Lakota topraklar\u0131 beyaz yerle\u015fimciler, madenciler ve demiryolu ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n giderek artan istilas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131. Oturan Bo\u011fa, geleneksel avlanma alanlar\u0131n\u0131 savunarak ve egemenliklerini teyit ederek Lakota direni\u015fine liderlik etti.<\/p>\n\n

1872 Yellowstone Yasas\u0131 ve Yerli Toprak \u0130ddialar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131’n\u0131 kuran 1872 Yellowstone Yasas\u0131, Lakota toprak haklar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki potansiyel etkisi nedeniyle tart\u0131\u015fmalara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Lakota itirazlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Kongre, yerlilerin arazi \u00fczerindeki iddialar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ederek yasa \u00fczerinde ilerledi. Bu yasa, federal h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Yerli topraklar\u0131n\u0131 elinden alma politikas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fiydi.<\/p>\n\n

Yellowstone Ke\u015ffi ve Korunmas\u0131nda Lakota Etkisi<\/h2>\n\n

Lakota’n\u0131n egemenlik iddialar\u0131, Yellowstone’un ke\u015ffini ve korunmas\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi. B\u00f6lgeye bilimsel ke\u015fifler d\u00fczenleyen bir jeolog olan Ferdinand Hayden, Lakota direni\u015fi nedeniyle planlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek zorunda kald\u0131. Lakota endi\u015feleri ayn\u0131 zamanda Kuzey Pasifik Demiryolunun kendi topraklar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mesini de geciktirdi.<\/p>\n\n

Kuzey Pasifik Demiryolu ve Lakota Toprak \u0130ddialar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Kuzey Pasifik Demiryolu, Lakota avlanma alanlar\u0131 ve bufalo s\u00fcr\u00fcleri i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir tehdit olu\u015fturuyordu. Lakota liderleri, ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 bozma potansiyelini kabul ederek demiryolunun in\u015fas\u0131na \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n

Yerli Tahsisat Yasas\u0131 ve \u00c7e\u015fitlilik Yasas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

1871’de Kongre, K\u0131z\u0131lderili uluslar\u0131yla gelecekteki antla\u015fma yapmay\u0131 yasaklad\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 rezervasyonlara zorlamak i\u00e7in askeri kampanyalar\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. 1887 \u00c7e\u015fitlilik Yasas\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Yerli topraklar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p beyaz yerle\u015fimcilere satmas\u0131na izin vererek bu politikay\u0131 daha da ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n

Yerli Direni\u015f ve Egemenlik M\u00fccadelesi<\/h2>\n\n

Ezici bir bask\u0131ya ra\u011fmen Lakota sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 beyaz istilaya direnmeye devam etti. Oturan Bo\u011fa, onlar\u0131 1876’da Little Bighorn Sava\u015f\u0131’nda General George Armstrong Custer’a kar\u015f\u0131 zafere ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Ancak ABD Ordusu cezai kampanyalarla misilleme yapt\u0131 ve Oturan Bo\u011fa ile \u00e7etesini Kanada’ya ka\u00e7maya zorlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

Koruma ve Yerli Amerikan Topraklar\u0131n\u0131n Gasp\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131’n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131, Amerikan vah\u015fi do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hareketin par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak bu koruma \u00e7abas\u0131 genellikle Yerli Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n toprak haklar\u0131 pahas\u0131na yap\u0131ld\u0131. Park\u0131n erken d\u00f6nem tabelalar\u0131 ve sergileri, yerlilerin topraklar\u0131 11.000 y\u0131ld\u0131r kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etti.<\/p>\n\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fle Hesapla\u015fma ve Yerli Miras\u0131n Onurland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Son y\u0131llarda, Yellowstone’un tarihinde yerli halklar\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fcn giderek daha fazla tan\u0131nd\u0131. Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131 yetkilileri, b\u00f6lgeyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 kabilelerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapma ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine ve miraslar\u0131na sayg\u0131 duyma s\u00f6z\u00fc verdiler. Bu \u00e7aba, Yerli topraklar\u0131n\u0131n gasp edilmesinin ve direni\u015fin gizli tarihini ayd\u0131nlatmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n

Yellowstone’un Gelece\u011fi ve Yerli \u0130li\u015fkiler<\/h2>\n\n

Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131’n\u0131n 150. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc olan 2022, park\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131k tarihini ve yerli halklarla ili\u015fkisini kabul etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir f\u0131rsat sunuyor. Y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in planlanan etkinlikler ve giri\u015fimler, kabileler ve park yetkilileri aras\u0131nda diyalogu te\u015fvik etmeyi, Yerli k\u00fclt\u00fcrlere ve Kuzeybat\u0131’daki kal\u0131c\u0131 miraslar\u0131na daha iyi bir anlay\u0131\u015f ve takdir geli\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131: Yerli Toprak Haklar\u0131 ve Koruman\u0131n Miras\u0131 Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131’n\u0131n Tarihi 1872’de kurulan Yellowstone Milli Park\u0131, jeotermal harikalar\u0131, yaban hayat\u0131 ve do\u011fal manzaralar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, kurulu\u015fu, \u00f6zellikle…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[767],"tags":[2800,247,15942,401,15941,250,4682,251,15940],"class_list":["post-11791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history","tag-american-west","tag-environmental-history","tag-lakota-people","tag-conservation","tag-sitting-bull","tag-national-parks","tag-yellowstone-national-park","tag-native-american-history","tag-indigenous-land-rights"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11791"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11792,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11791\/revisions\/11792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}