Herkes dil haritas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, farkl\u0131 tatlar i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmler i\u00e7eren bu dil \u015femas\u0131: \u00f6nde tatl\u0131, yanlarda tuzlu ve ek\u015fi, arkada ac\u0131. Tat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ikonik bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcd\u00fcr, ancak yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Tat al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 dilin belirli b\u00f6lgeleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bunun yerine, t\u00fcm y\u00fczeyine da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu resept\u00f6rler d\u00f6rt temel tad\u0131 alg\u0131lar: tatl\u0131, tuzlu, ek\u015fi ve ac\u0131. Umami, glutamat\u0131n (mono sodyum glutamatta veya MSG’de bulunur) lezzetli tad\u0131 art\u0131k be\u015finci temel tat olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n
Tat al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n hassasiyeti dil \u00e7evresinde de\u011fi\u015fir. U\u00e7 ve kenarlar \u00f6zellikle hassast\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tatlar\u0131 alg\u0131layan duyusal organlar olan bir\u00e7ok tat tomurcu\u011fu i\u00e7erirler. Bununla birlikte, hassasiyetteki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar belirgin de\u011fildir ve dilin t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgeleri t\u00fcm tatlar\u0131 alg\u0131layabilir.<\/p>\n\n
Dil haritas\u0131, Alman bilim insan\u0131 David P. H\u00e4nig taraf\u0131ndan 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00e4nig, dilin kenarlar\u0131 etraf\u0131ndaki tat alg\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fiklerini \u00f6l\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, dilin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinin belirli tatlar i\u00e7in biraz daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck e\u015fiklere sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n
Ancak, H\u00e4nig’in \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerinin grafi\u011fi do\u011fru bir temsil olmaktan \u00e7ok sanatsal bir yorumdu. Dilin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinin farkl\u0131 tatlardan sorumlu oldu\u011fu izlenimini veriyordu.<\/p>\n\n
1940’larda, Harvard psikoloji profes\u00f6r\u00fc Edwin G. Boring, Deneysel Psikoloji Tarihinde Duygu ve Alg\u0131 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda H\u00e4nig’in grafi\u011fini yeniden yorumlad\u0131. Boring’in s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn anlaml\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi yoktu ve bu da bug\u00fcn bildi\u011fimiz \u015fekliyle dil haritas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7ok say\u0131da deney dil haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin, yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, dil, yumu\u015fak damak ve bo\u011faz da dahil olmak \u00fczere tat tomurcuklar\u0131 i\u00e7eren a\u011fz\u0131n t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerinin t\u00fcm tat niteliklerine kar\u015f\u0131 hassas oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n
Dilinizin \u00f6n\u00fcne tat duyusunu sa\u011flayan korda timpani sinirine verilen hasar, tatl\u0131y\u0131 tatma yetene\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131rmaz. Asl\u0131nda, korda timpani hasar\u0131 olan denekler tatl\u0131y\u0131 tatma yetene\u011finde art\u0131\u015f ya\u015fayabilirler.<\/p>\n\n
Modern molek\u00fcler biyoloji de dil haritas\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fmektedir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, tat molek\u00fcllerini alg\u0131lamaktan sorumlu olan tat h\u00fccrelerinde resept\u00f6r proteinleri tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Tatl\u0131 resept\u00f6rleri yaln\u0131zca \u00f6nde de\u011fil, a\u011f\u0131z boyunca bulunur. Benzer \u015fekilde, ac\u0131 resept\u00f6rleri t\u00fcm tat b\u00f6lgelerinde bulunur.<\/p>\n\n
Dil haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmenin en iyi yolu basit bir deney yapmakt\u0131r. Bir fincan kahve demleyin, bir kutu soda a\u00e7\u0131n ve tuzlu bir simitle dilinizin ucuna dokunun. Dilinizin konumundan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak t\u00fcm tatlar\u0131 alg\u0131layabildi\u011fini h\u0131zla fark edeceksiniz.<\/p>\n\n
Bilimsel kan\u0131tlara ra\u011fmen dil haritas\u0131 yayg\u0131n bilgide varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekte ve hala bir\u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131fta ve ders kitab\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretilmektedir. G\u00f6rsel temsillerin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ve yanl\u0131\u015f kavramlar\u0131n bir kez yerle\u015ftikten sonra onlar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rman\u0131n zorlu\u011funun bir kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Dil Haritas\u0131: Yayg\u0131n Bir Yanl\u0131\u015f Anlama Herkes dil haritas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, farkl\u0131 tatlar i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmler i\u00e7eren bu dil \u015femas\u0131: \u00f6nde tatl\u0131, yanlarda tuzlu ve ek\u015fi, arkada ac\u0131. Tat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ikonik…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[762],"tags":[16752,700,2914,16751,16750,5150],"class_list":["post-12391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-life-sciences","tag-tongue-map","tag-sensory-science","tag-taste","tag-taste-perception","tag-taste-buds","tag-misconceptions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12391"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12391\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12392,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12391\/revisions\/12392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}