{"id":12435,"date":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","date_gmt":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12435"},"modified":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","modified_gmt":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","slug":"walter-cronkite-the-first-anchorman-or-was-he","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/life\/media\/walter-cronkite-the-first-anchorman-or-was-he\/","title":{"rendered":"John Cameron Swayze: Televizyonun \u0130lk Spikeri mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Walter Cronkite: \u0130lk Spiker\u2026 Yoksa De\u011fil mi?<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8220;Spiker&#8221; Teriminin K\u00f6keni<\/h2>\n\n<p>&#8220;Spiker&#8221; terimi uzun bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahiptir ve 10. veya 11. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar uzan\u0131r. Bir Anglosakson s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, &#8220;ancor-man&#8221; kelimesi, gemide \u00e7apa sorumlusu olan ki\u015fi anlam\u0131na gelen Latince &#8220;proreta&#8221; kelimesinin \u00e7evirisi olarak verilmi\u015ftir. Zamanla, &#8220;spiker&#8221; terimi bir dizi mecazi kullan\u0131m bi\u00e7imi kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bunlar aras\u0131nda \u015funlar yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Halat \u00e7ekme yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda en sonda yer alan ki\u015fi<\/li>\n<li>Bayrak yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda veya bowling oyununda oynayan son tak\u0131m \u00fcyesi<\/li>\n<li>Herhangi bir spor tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00fcyesi<\/li>\n<li>ABD Deniz Harp Okulu&#8217;ndan s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n en alt s\u0131ras\u0131nda mezun olan gemi \u00f6\u011frencisi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">John Cameron Swayze: \u0130lk Ger\u00e7ek Spiker mi?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Televizyon \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde, &#8220;spiker&#8221; terimi bazen bir radyo haber program\u0131n\u0131n sunucusunu belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ancak, terim modern anlam\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca televizyonun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Televizyonda yayg\u0131n olarak &#8220;spiker&#8221; olarak an\u0131lan ilk ki\u015fi Walter Cronkite&#8217;t\u0131. Cronkite, 1962&#8217;den 1981&#8217;e kadar CBS Evening News&#8217;in sunuculu\u011funu yapm\u0131\u015f ve haberleri sakin ve otoriter bir \u015fekilde sunmas\u0131yla tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, tarih\u00e7i Mike Conway&#8217;in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 son ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, ba\u015fka bir adam olan John Cameron Swayze&#8217;nin ilk ger\u00e7ek spiker olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir. Swayze, 1948&#8217;den 1954&#8217;e kadar NBC&#8217;nin &#8220;Who Said That?&#8221; adl\u0131 bilgi yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sunuculu\u011funu yapm\u0131\u015f ve ayn\u0131 zamanda NBC&#8217;nin en \u00e7ok izlenen program\u0131 &#8220;Camel News Caravan&#8221;da haber spikerli\u011fi g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n<p>American Journalism Historians Association konferans\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sunumda Conway, &#8220;spiker&#8221; teriminin Swayze&#8217;yi tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in &#8220;Who Said That?&#8221; program\u0131nda 1948 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ekim ay\u0131 gibi erken bir tarihte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kan\u0131tlar sundu. Bu, Cronkite&#8217;\u0131n CBS Evening News&#8217;in sunuculu\u011funu \u00fcstlenmesinden birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine denk gelmektedir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Walter Cronkite: Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n En G\u00fcvenilir Adam\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<p>Swayze ilk spiker olsa bile, Cronkite&#8217;\u0131n en etkili spiker oldu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcphe yoktur. Cronkite&#8217;\u0131n sakin ve g\u00fcven verici varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ulusu JFK&#8217;nin suikast\u0131, Vietnam Sava\u015f\u0131 ve Watergate skandal\u0131 gibi en zor zamanlar\u0131nda y\u00f6nlendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n<p>Cronkite ayr\u0131ca televizyon gazetecili\u011fi alan\u0131nda bir \u00f6nc\u00fcyd\u00fc. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan canl\u0131 yay\u0131nlar yapmak i\u00e7in uydu teknolojisini kullanan ilk ki\u015fi oydu ve televizyon haberlerinin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini tesis etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Spikerin Miras\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<p>Spikerin rol\u00fc y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f olsa da, \u00f6nemi h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam etmektedir. Spikerler, haberleri halka a\u00e7\u0131k ve \u00f6z bir \u015fekilde iletmekten sorumludurlar ve kamuoyunun \u015fekillenmesinde hayati bir rol oynarlar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tarih\u4e0a\u7684en \u00fcnl\u00fc spikerlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Walter Cronkite<\/li>\n<li>John Cameron Swayze<\/li>\n<li>Edward R. Murrow<\/li>\n<li>David Brinkley<\/li>\n<li>Tom Brokaw<\/li>\n<li>Dan Rather<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Bu erkekler ve kad\u0131nlar, haberler hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u015feklimizi \u015fekillendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldular ve halk\u0131 bilgilendirmede hayati bir rol oynad\u0131lar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Walter Cronkite: \u0130lk Spiker\u2026 Yoksa De\u011fil mi? &#8220;Spiker&#8221; Teriminin K\u00f6keni &#8220;Spiker&#8221; terimi uzun bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahiptir ve 10. veya 11. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar uzan\u0131r. Bir Anglosakson s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, &#8220;ancor-man&#8221; kelimesi, gemide \u00e7apa&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16815],"tags":[16812,6204,16813,16814,16811],"class_list":["post-12435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-media","tag-john-cameron-swayze","tag-media-history","tag-anchorman","tag-television-news","tag-walter-cronkite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12435"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12436,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435\/revisions\/12436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}