II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda, ABD Donanmas\u0131 kritik bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131: D\u00fc\u015fman k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na asker ve ekipmanlar\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde indirmek. Mevcut \u00e7\u0131karma tekneleri yava\u015f, hantal ve d\u00fc\u015fman ate\u015fine kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131zd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130novasyon konusunda yetenekli bir Louisiana tekne yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan Andrew Jackson Higgins devreye girdi. 1942’de Higgins, amfibik sava\u015f\u0131n seyrini de\u011fi\u015ftirecek devrim niteli\u011finde bir \u00e7\u0131karma teknesi olan Higgins Botu’nu geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n
Higgins Botu, k\u0131y\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p indirme i\u015flemi sonras\u0131 geri \u00e7ekilebilmesini sa\u011flayan benzersiz bir ka\u015f\u0131k gagal\u0131 (spoonbill) buruna sahip, 36\u202ffeet uzunlu\u011funda, d\u00fcz tabanl\u0131 bir gemiydi. Ayr\u0131ca daha iyi istikrar i\u00e7in V\u2011\u015feklinde bir g\u00f6vde ve s\u0131\u011f sularda manevra yapabilen korumal\u0131 bir pervane sistemi bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n\n
Zamanla, Higgins tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 Deniz Piyadelerinden gelen geri bildirimlere dayanarak birka\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131. 1942’de teknenin \u00f6n\u00fcne bir rampa ekleyerek daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f sa\u011flad\u0131 ve bu model LCVP (Landing Craft, Vehicle and Personnel) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu versiyon \u201cHiggins Botu\u201d olarak an\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131 ve sava\u015f\u0131n geri kalan\u0131nda standart \u00e7\u0131karma teknesi haline geldi.<\/p>\n\n
Higgins, engellere asla boyun e\u011fmeyen kararl\u0131 bir mucitti. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte imk\u00e2ns\u0131z problemleri \u00e7\u00f6zme ve i\u015fleri verimli bir \u015fekilde tamamlama yetene\u011fiyle tan\u0131n\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
\u00dcnl\u00fc bir \u00f6rnek, Donanman\u0131n ona \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yeni bir bot tasar\u0131m\u0131 haz\u0131rlamas\u0131n\u0131 istemesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Higgins, \u201cKahretsin, botu \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnde in\u015fa edebilirim\u201d diye yan\u0131t verdi. Ve tam da dedi\u011fi gibi yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Andrew Higgins taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Higgins Industries, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda New Orleans b\u00f6lgesinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fvereni oldu. \u015eirket, 20\u202f000’den fazla Higgins tasar\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karma teknesi, PT tekneleri, tedarik gemileri ve sava\u015f \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7in di\u011fer \u00f6zel tekneler \u00fcretti.<\/p>\n\n
Higgins\u2019\u0131n fabrikalar\u0131, kad\u0131nlar, az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve engelli bireyler dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli bir i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yapt\u0131; bu, Amerika\u2019da modern entegre i\u015fyerlerinin \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden biri olarak kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n
Higgins Botu, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 boyunca bir\u00e7ok amfibik \u00e7\u0131karma operasyonunda hayati bir rol oynad\u0131. Normandiya\u2019da D\u2011Day \u00e7\u0131karmalar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, Sicilya, Anzio, Tarawa, Iwo Jima, Saipan, Okinawa, Peleliu ve Avrupa ile Pasifik cephanelerindeki say\u0131s\u0131z sahilde kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Higgins Botu\u2019nun asker ve ekipmanlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fman k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na h\u0131zla ta\u015f\u0131ma yetene\u011fi, M\u00fcttefiklere amfibik sald\u0131r\u0131larda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir avantaj sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Higgins Botu, askeri tarih \u00fczerinde kal\u0131c\u0131 bir miras b\u0131rakt\u0131. Amfibik sava\u015f\u0131 devrim niteli\u011finde de\u011fi\u015ftirdi ve Amerikan yenilik\u00e7ili\u011fi ve dehas\u0131n\u0131n bir sembol\u00fc olmaya devam ediyor. Andrew Jackson Higgins, \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bulu\u015fu nedeniyle Ulusal Mucitler Hall of Fame\u2019e al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Bug\u00fcn, orijinal Higgins botlar\u0131ndan 20\u2019den az\u0131 kald\u0131. Bunlardan biri, D\u2011Day ve II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki M\u00fcttefik zaferindeki rol\u00fcn\u00fc anmak amac\u0131yla Virginia, Alexandria\u2019daki ABD Patent ve Marka Ofisi genel merkezinde ve Ulusal Mucitler Hall of Fame M\u00fczesi\u2019nde sergileniyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Higgins Botu: II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Amfibik Sava\u015flar\u0131 Devrim Yaratan Bulu\u015f Higgins Botu’nun \u0130cad\u0131 II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda, ABD Donanmas\u0131 kritik bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131: D\u00fc\u015fman k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na asker ve ekipmanlar\u0131 etkili…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25425,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[869],"tags":[1998,4526,17754,56,37,82],"class_list":["post-13167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-military-history","tag-amphibious-warfare","tag-naval-history","tag-higgins-boat","tag-world-war-ii","tag-innovation","tag-engineering"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13167"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25426,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13167\/revisions\/25426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25425"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}