Smithsonian Ulusal Do\u011fa Tarihi M\u00fczesi’nin kalbinde, iki eski a\u011fa\u00e7 g\u00f6vdesi ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sessiz tan\u0131klar\u0131 olarak durmaktad\u0131r. “Sherman K\u00fct\u00fckleri” olarak bilinen bu ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f k\u00fct\u00fckler, 1879’da General William Tecumseh Sherman’\u0131n emriyle toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hikayeleri bilimsel merak\u0131n, jeolojik harikalar\u0131n ve do\u011fal miras\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n
Sherman K\u00fct\u00fckleri, 200 milyon y\u0131ldan fazla \u00f6nce Triyas d\u00f6neminde Arizona’da geli\u015fen tarih \u00f6ncesi bir ormandan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 200 fit y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar y\u00fckselen bu dev i\u011fne yaprakl\u0131lar, ya\u015famla dolup ta\u015fan bir ekosistemin par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130klim tropikaldi ve mevsimsel mega musonlar kuru dere yataklar\u0131n\u0131 azg\u0131n nehirlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n
Kaderin bir cilvesi olarak, devasa bir volkanik patlama k\u00fclleri ve molozlar\u0131 ta\u015fan nehirlere g\u00f6nderdi. Sel sular\u0131 ta\u015fk\u0131n yata\u011f\u0131nda ilerledik\u00e7e a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 k\u00f6klerinden s\u00f6kt\u00fc ve onlar\u0131 tortul katmanlar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na g\u00f6md\u00fc. Volkanik mineraller taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmekten korunan a\u011fa\u00e7lar yava\u015f yava\u015f ta\u015fla\u015ft\u0131 ve ah\u015fab\u0131 kaya kadar sert silika ile de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n
Y\u00fczy\u0131llar sonra, 1878’de o zamanlar Smithsonian Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn bir naibi olan General Sherman, Arizona B\u00f6lgesi’nde “ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6rneklerde” ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u011fa\u00e7 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Birliklerine m\u00fczede sergilenmek \u00fczere iki k\u00fct\u00fck toplamalar\u0131n\u0131 emretti. 1879’da Te\u011fmen J. F. C. Hegewald, ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u011fac\u0131n manevi \u00f6neme sahip oldu\u011funa inanan Navajo kabileleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015farak k\u00fct\u00fckleri geri almak i\u00e7in tehlikeli bir yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u011fa\u00e7 olduk\u00e7a dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olsa da insan faaliyetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k de\u011fildir. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda, Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Orman, benzersiz do\u011fal kaynaktan kar elde etmek isteyen insanlar taraf\u0131ndan yayg\u0131n bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131. Yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar masa tablalar\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fct\u00fckler sat\u0131n ald\u0131 ve \u015firketler sand\u0131klar z\u0131mpara ve di\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n
Korunma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 fark eden Ba\u015fkan Teddy Roosevelt, 1906’da Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Orman\u0131 ulusal bir an\u0131t olarak belirledi. Ancak b\u00f6lge tam ulusal park stat\u00fcs\u00fc ancak 1962’de Ba\u015fkan John F. Kennedy d\u00f6neminde kazand\u0131. Bug\u00fcn Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Orman Ulusal Park\u0131, eski ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f k\u00fct\u00fckleri ve \u00e7evredeki ekosistemi gelecek nesiller i\u00e7in korumaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Orman’\u0131n ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u011fac\u0131, bilim insanlar\u0131na uzak ge\u00e7mi\u015fe bir bak\u0131\u015f sunmaktad\u0131r. K\u00fct\u00fckler, b\u00f6ceklerin fosille\u015fmi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir ve bu da ar\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ekler evrimle\u015fmeden \u00e7ok \u00f6nce var olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6lgede bir zamanlar geli\u015fen karma\u015f\u0131k ekosistemi bir araya getirmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan ba\u015fka eski bitki ve hayvanlar\u0131n da kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n
Park\u0131n koruyucu \u00f6nlemlerine ra\u011fmen Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Orman zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaya devam etmektedir. Hat\u0131ra arayan ziyaret\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 12-14 ton ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u011fa\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmakta olup yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 toplama endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131 olmaya devam etmektedir. Park bek\u00e7ileri, bu e\u015fsiz kayna\u011f\u0131 koruma konusundaki y\u00f6netmelikleri uygulamak ve ziyaret\u00e7ileri e\u011fitmek i\u00e7in yorulmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Sherman K\u00fct\u00fckleri, do\u011fa tarihine olan kal\u0131c\u0131 hayranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve jeolojik miras\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 koruman\u0131n \u00f6neminin bir kan\u0131t\u0131 olarak durmaktad\u0131r. Smithsonian M\u00fczesi’ndeki varl\u0131klar\u0131, ziyaret\u00e7ilerin kadim d\u00fcnya ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve onun g\u00fczelli\u011fini ve bilimsel \u00f6nemini takdir etmelerini sa\u011flar. Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Orman\u0131 incelemeye ve korumaya devam ettik\u00e7e, D\u00fcnya’daki ya\u015fam\u0131n evrimi ve do\u011fan\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fc hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferli bilgiler ediniyoruz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Orman: Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe Bir Pencere Sherman K\u00fct\u00fckleri: Merak\u0131n Miras\u0131 Smithsonian Ulusal Do\u011fa Tarihi M\u00fczesi’nin kalbinde, iki eski a\u011fa\u00e7 g\u00f6vdesi ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sessiz tan\u0131klar\u0131 olarak durmaktad\u0131r. “Sherman K\u00fct\u00fckleri” olarak bilinen…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[924,141,239,207,137,17762,2432,17761,99],"class_list":["post-13173","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-nature-photography","tag-natural-history","tag-fossils","tag-geology","tag-paleontology","tag-sherman-logs","tag-prehistoric-life","tag-petrified-forest","tag-lifescienceart"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13173","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13173"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13174,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13173\/revisions\/13174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13173"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13173"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}