\u00d6nc\u00fc kozmolog James Peebles, evrenin yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar nedeniyle Fizik Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131. Peebles\u2019in kuramlar\u0131, bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n kozmosun bile\u015fimini ve evrimini anlamas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n
1960\u2019larda kozmologlar\u0131n evren hakk\u0131ndaki bilgisi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131: onun \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu biliyorlard\u0131, fakat cisimlerin ne kadar uzakta, evrenin ya\u015f\u0131 ya da yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir fikirleri yoktu. Peebles, kuramsal modeller ve g\u00f6zlemsel veriler kullanarak bu sorulara yan\u0131t arad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Peebles\u2019in temel katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri, erken evrenden kalan ve b\u00fct\u00fcn kozmosu neredeyse sabit bir \u0131\u015f\u0131mayla kaplayan kozmik arka plan \u0131\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesiydi. Ayr\u0131ca arka plan \u0131\u015f\u0131mas\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimlerin incelenerek maddenin bir arada topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar\u0131n bulunabilece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu, y\u0131ld\u0131z, galaksi ve galaksi k\u00fcmelerinden olu\u015fan ipliksi yap\u0131lar\u0131n ke\u015ffine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
1980\u2019lerde Peebles hesaba karanl\u0131k maddeyi de ekledi. I\u015f\u0131k yay\u0131p yans\u0131tmayan, fakat \u00e7ekimsel etkileri g\u00f6zlemlenebilen gizemli bu madde, galaksilerin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u00fctlesi yetersiz olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n bir arada k\u00fcmelenmesini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yordu. Evrenin geni\u015fledi\u011fini ve geni\u015flemenin karanl\u0131k enerji etkisiyle h\u0131zland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n
Peebles\u2019in kuramlar\u0131 ilerleyen teknolojiyle yava\u015f yava\u015f do\u011fruland\u0131. 1990\u2019larda arka plan \u0131\u015f\u0131mas\u0131ndaki dalgalanmalar\u0131n madde k\u00fcmeleriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. 1998\u2019de evrenin geni\u015fleyip h\u0131zland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesinle\u015fti. Karanl\u0131k madde ve karanl\u0131k enerji h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131klanamasa da ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar bu kavramlar\u0131 yo\u011fun bi\u00e7imde incelemeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n
Fizik Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u00f6teki yar\u0131s\u0131, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ilk gezegenin ke\u015ffi nedeniyle Michel Mayor ve Didier Queloz\u2019a verildi. 1990\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, on y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren aramalara kar\u015f\u0131n, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nen hi\u00e7bir gezegen bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Mayor\u2019la doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi olan Queloz, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve rengindeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 arayan bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirdi. Bu sars\u0131nt\u0131lar, y\u00f6r\u00fcngedeki bir gezegenin \u00e7ekimi nedeniyle y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dalma boylar\u0131n\u0131n kaymas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
20 parlak y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n g\u00f6zlemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda 51 \u0131\u015f\u0131ky\u0131l\u0131 uzaktaki 51 Pegasi y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131nda bir titreme saptand\u0131. Verileri aylarca teyit eden Queloz ve Mayor, Ekim 1995\u2019te 51 Pegasi \u00e7evresinde dev bir J\u00fcpiter boyutunda gezegen bulduklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
51 Pegasi b\u2019nin bulunmas\u0131 astronomiyi k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. O g\u00fcnden bu yana Samanyolu\u2019nda 4.000\u2019den fazla gezegen daha ke\u015ffedildi; boyutlar\u0131, bile\u015fimleri ve y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri olduk\u00e7a \u00e7e\u015fitli. Bu bulgular, gezegen sistemlerinin olu\u015fumuna ve evrimine dair yeni bilgiler sa\u011flad\u0131, d\u00fcnya d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fam olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirdi.<\/p>\n\n
James Peebles, Michael Mayor ve Didier Queloz\u2019un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 evreni anlamam\u0131z\u0131 derinden etkiledi. Peebles\u2019in kuramlar\u0131 kozmosun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve evrimini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131; Mayor ve Queloz\u2019un ilk gezegenler \u00f6tesi ke\u015ffi astronomiye yeni ufuklar a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Fizik Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, bu bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n evrenin gizemlerini \u00e7\u00f6zmeye adanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir onurudur.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fizik Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc: Kozmostaki Yerimizi Haritalamak Kozmoloji: Evrenin Yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00c7\u0131karmak \u00d6nc\u00fc kozmolog James Peebles, evrenin yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar nedeniyle Fizik Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131. Peebles\u2019in kuramlar\u0131,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25357,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[437],"tags":[97,2169,217,982,697,535],"class_list":["post-14096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomy","tag-science","tag-universe","tag-physics","tag-exoplanets","tag-cosmology","tag-nobel-prize"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14096","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14096"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14096\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25358,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14096\/revisions\/25358"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}