{"id":14434,"date":"2020-06-05T15:29:36","date_gmt":"2020-06-05T15:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14434"},"modified":"2020-06-05T15:29:36","modified_gmt":"2020-06-05T15:29:36","slug":"spiritualism-origins-and-impact","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/life\/spirituality\/spiritualism-origins-and-impact\/","title":{"rendered":"Spirit\u00fcalizm: Do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fcne Dayal\u0131 Bir Hareketin Hikayesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Spirit\u00fcalizm: Do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc K\u00f6kleri Olan Bir Hareket<\/h2>\n\n

Fox K\u0131z Karde\u015fler ve Modern Spirit\u00fcalizmin Do\u011fu\u015fu<\/h2>\n\n

1848’de New York’un \u015firin Hydesville kasabas\u0131nda Margaretta ve Kate adl\u0131 Fox karde\u015fler, gizemli t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131 sesleri yoluyla ruhlarla ileti\u015fim kurduklar\u0131n\u0131 iddia ettiler. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hikayeleri, milyonlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcleyecek bir hareketi ate\u015fledi: Spirit\u00fcalizm.<\/p>\n\n

Mesmerizm, Swedenborg ve Spirit\u00fcalizmin K\u00f6kleri<\/h2>\n\n

Spirit\u00fcalizm, \u00e7e\u015fitli ideolojilerden ilham ald\u0131. 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fifac\u0131s\u0131 Franz Anton Mesmer, hastal\u0131\u011fa neden olabilecek ve hipnoz yoluyla y\u00f6nlendirilebilecek “manyetik bir ak\u0131\u015fkan” oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yordu. \u0130sve\u00e7li mistik Emanuel Swedenborg, ruhlar\u0131n ya\u015fayanlarla ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011fu bir \u00f6l\u00fcm sonras\u0131 alemi tan\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

Andrew Jackson Davis ve \u0130lahi Vahiyler<\/h2>\n\n

“Modern Spirit\u00fcalizmin Vaftizci Yahya’s\u0131” olarak bilinen Andrew Jackson Davis, Swedenborg’un ruhundan mesajlar ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yordu. Davis’in “Do\u011fan\u0131n \u0130lkeleri” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 Spirit\u00fcalizmin y\u00fckseli\u015fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc ve ruh d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ileti\u015fimi te\u015fvik etti.<\/p>\n\n

Fox K\u0131z Karde\u015flerin Turu ve Spirit\u00fcalizmin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi<\/h2>\n\n

Fox k\u0131z karde\u015flerin medyumlu\u011fa y\u00f6nelik halka a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6sterileri New York City’yi ve \u00f6tesini b\u00fcy\u00fcledi. Horace Greeley ve William Cullen Bryant da dahil olmak \u00fczere se\u00e7kin isimler, t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131 seslerine, ruh mesajlar\u0131na ve hatta tam te\u015fekk\u00fcll\u00fc hayaletlere tan\u0131kl\u0131k ederek seanslar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

Spirit\u00fcalizmin Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

\u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda insanlar \u00f6len sevdikleriyle hala ileti\u015fim kurabileceklerine inanarak teselli arad\u0131k\u00e7a Spirit\u00fcalizm geli\u015fti. Hareket, 1880’lerde Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve Avrupa’da yakla\u015f\u0131k sekiz milyon inananla zirvesine ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

Spirit\u00fcalizmin Gerilemesi<\/h2>\n\n
    \n
  1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Spirit\u00fcalizm \u015f\u00fcphecilik ve ele\u015ftirilerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131. Orijinal k\u0131z karde\u015flerden biri olan Maggie Fox, bunu bir doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak kamuoyuna duyurdu ve kendisi ve k\u0131z karde\u015finin t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131 seslerini taklit ettiklerini iddia etti. Fox k\u0131z karde\u015flerin \u00e7ocukluk evinde bir iskeletin bulunmas\u0131, iddialar\u0131 konusunda \u015f\u00fcpheleri daha da art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Spirit\u00fcalizmin Miras\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

    Gerilemesine ra\u011fmen Spirit\u00fcalizm, Amerikan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde kal\u0131c\u0131 bir etki b\u0131rakt\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcmden sonraki ya\u015fama olan inanc\u0131n\u0131 besledi, do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc ile ileti\u015fimi te\u015fvik etti ve kad\u0131n haklar\u0131 hareketi gibi hareketleri etkiledi. Bug\u00fcn Spirit\u00fcalizm, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda taraftar bulmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n

    Modern Spirit\u00fcalizmin K\u00f6kenleri: Bir \u0130skeletin Hikayesi<\/h2>\n\n

    1904’te Fox k\u0131z karde\u015flerin \u00e7ocukluk evinde bir insan iskeleti bulunmas\u0131, ger\u00e7ekliklerini tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 iskeletin k\u0131z karde\u015flerle ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011fu iddia edilen \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen seyyar sat\u0131c\u0131ya ait oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yordu. Ancak daha sonraki incelemeler, kemiklerin muhtemelen bir yerel \u015fakac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yerle\u015ftirilen insan ve hayvan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n\n

    Fox K\u0131z Karde\u015flerin \u00c7ocukluk Evi: Hayaletli Ev<\/h2>\n\n

    Fox k\u0131z karde\u015flerin \u00e7ocukluk evi “Hayaletli Ev” olarak bilinmekteydi ve pop\u00fcler bir turistik yer haline geldi. Ziyaret\u00e7iler, do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc ilk elden deneyimleme umuduyla s\u00f6zde ruhsal tezah\u00fcrlerin yerini ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bununla birlikte, evin perili yer olarak \u00fcn\u00fc zamanla azald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

    Spirit\u00fcalizm ve Rochester Vuru\u015flar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

    Fox k\u0131z karde\u015flerin t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131 sesleri yoluyla ruhlarla ileti\u015fim kurduklar\u0131 iddialar\u0131 “Rochester Vuru\u015flar\u0131” olarak tan\u0131nd\u0131. Belirgin g\u00fcmlemeler ve vuru\u015flar olarak tan\u0131mlanan bu sesler ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcledi ve \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtt\u0131. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 bunlar\u0131 do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lere ba\u011flarken, di\u011ferleri hile veya psikolojik fenomenlerden \u015f\u00fcphelendi.<\/p>\n\n

    Amerika’da Spirit\u00fcellik Hareketi<\/h2>\n\n

    Spirit\u00fcalizm, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’ne h\u0131zla yay\u0131ld\u0131 ve milyonlarca inanan\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcledi. \u00d6l\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda teselli, \u00f6l\u00fcmden sonra daha iyi bir ya\u015fam umudu ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen d\u00fcnyayla bir ba\u011flant\u0131 hissi sundu. Spirit\u00fcalistler kiliseler kurdu, seanslar d\u00fczenledi ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da kitap ve dergi yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Spirit\u00fcalizm: Do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc K\u00f6kleri Olan Bir Hareket Fox K\u0131z Karde\u015fler ve Modern Spirit\u00fcalizmin Do\u011fu\u015fu 1848’de New York’un \u015firin Hydesville kasabas\u0131nda Margaretta ve Kate adl\u0131 Fox karde\u015fler, gizemli t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131 sesleri yoluyla ruhlarla…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[991],"tags":[5858,837,19372,19373,6501,1903,27],"class_list":["post-14434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-spirituality","tag-afterlife","tag-religion","tag-fox-sisters","tag-seances","tag-spiritualism","tag-supernatural","tag-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14434"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14435,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14434\/revisions\/14435"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}