Yakla\u015f\u0131k 7.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u015eili’nin kuzeyindeki Atacama \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc’ne g\u00f6m\u00fclen Chinchorro mumyalar\u0131, yapay mumyalama uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n bilinen en eski kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fclerini mumyalayan ilk k\u00fclt\u00fcr olarak bilinen Chinchorro halk\u0131n\u0131n bu korunmu\u015f bedenleri, araziyle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmi\u015f, genellikle yeni geli\u015fmelerin alt\u0131nda gizlenmi\u015f ve in\u015faat projelerini sekteye u\u011fratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Chinchorro mumyalar\u0131n\u0131 farkl\u0131 k\u0131lan sosyal stat\u00fcleridir: Zenginlik veya aile konumuna bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n herkes mumyalan\u0131rd\u0131. Chinchorro halk\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fclerini g\u00f6mmez, bunun yerine \u00f6lenlerin kendilerine e\u015flik ediyormu\u015f gibi, ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 zaman mumyalanm\u0131\u015f bedenlerini de yanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n
Bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine, Chinchorro mumyalama stratejisi, cesedin deri veya i\u00e7 organlar\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sadece iskeletin kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 “kara mumya” takti\u011fini i\u00e7eriyordu. Bu kemikler daha sonra saz, deniz aslan\u0131 postlar\u0131, kil, alpaka y\u00fcn\u00fc ve insan sa\u00e7\u0131ndan peruklardan olu\u015fan s\u00fcsl\u00fc kreasyonlarla kaplan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
Chinchorro i\u00e7in bu mumyalanm\u0131\u015f bedenler sadece korunmu\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar de\u011fildi, ayn\u0131 zamanda sanat eserleriydi. G\u00fcnl\u00fck yarat\u0131c\u0131 ara\u00e7lar olarak seramik veya ba\u015fka herhangi bir \u015fey b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015flar, bunun yerine duygular\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015fler ve \u00f6l\u00fclerini ger\u00e7ek anlamda \u0130spanyol \u00f6ncesi sanat eserlerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n
Chinchorro halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Atacama \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc, topra\u011f\u0131n do\u011fal arsenik konsantrasyonu ve mumyalar\u0131 s\u00fcslemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan manganez boyas\u0131 nedeniyle zehirli bir ortamd\u0131. Bu, Chinchorro halk\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k derecede y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130leri ya\u015flar\u0131na ve UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 alan\u0131 stat\u00fclerine ra\u011fmen, Chinchorro mumyalar\u0131 art\u0131k yeni tehditlerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve birle\u015ftirici bir sergi alan\u0131n\u0131n eksikli\u011fi canlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, b\u00f6lgede \u00f6zel bir Chinchorro m\u00fczesi ve arkeoloji park\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n
H\u00e2l\u00e2 Arica’daki mumyalar aras\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar i\u00e7in, \u00f6l\u00fcler aras\u0131nda ya\u015famak o kadar da korkutucu de\u011fil, aksine g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7evrelerindeki tarihi benimserler ve bunun miraslar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n\n
Arica sakini Alfredo Guerrero, “Kendimizi Chinchorrolar\u0131n devam\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum” diyor. “… Buray\u0131 terk etmeyece\u011fim. Daima kalaca\u011f\u0131m, bu y\u00fczden onlar\u0131 her zaman ziyaret edece\u011fim.”<\/p>\n\n
Chinchorro mumyalar\u0131, kadim medeniyetlerin ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 gelecek nesiller i\u00e7in korumam\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nemini bize hat\u0131rlatarak b\u00fcy\u00fclemeyi ve merak uyand\u0131rmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Chinchorro Mumyalar\u0131: Modern Tehditlerle Kar\u015f\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131ya Eski Hazine D\u00fcnyan\u0131n En Eski Mumyalar\u0131 Yakla\u015f\u0131k 7.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u015eili’nin kuzeyindeki Atacama \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc’ne g\u00f6m\u00fclen Chinchorro mumyalar\u0131, yapay mumyalama uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n bilinen en eski kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[15956,17091,19657,19658,19494],"class_list":["post-14646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-arsenic","tag-atacama-desert","tag-chinchorro-mummies","tag-pre-hispanic-art","tag-mummification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14646"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14647,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14646\/revisions\/14647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}