Arkeologlar \u0130ngiltere’nin Cambridgeshire b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bir ke\u015fifte bulundular: Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmi\u015f bir adama ait iskelet. Bu buluntu, bu kadim cezan\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan ender fiziksel izlerinden birini olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n\n
4926 Numaral\u0131 \u0130skelet olarak bilinen iskelet, topuk kemi\u011finde \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmenin a\u00e7\u0131k bir i\u015fareti olan bir \u00e7iviyle bulundu. Bu ke\u015fif, daha \u00f6nce a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak tarihi anlat\u0131lardan bilinen \u00e7arm\u0131ha germe y\u00f6nteminin nas\u0131l uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair elle tutulur kan\u0131tlar sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7arm\u0131ha gerilmeye ait arkeolojik kan\u0131tlar nadirdir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kurbanlara genellikle uygun bir cenaze t\u00f6reni verilmezdi. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7arm\u0131ha germelerin \u00e7o\u011fu, mahkumu \u00e7arm\u0131ha ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7ivi yerine ip kullan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Bu bulgu, \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmenin \u00e7ivilerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fine dair fiziksel kan\u0131tlar sunmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmi\u015f kurbanlar\u0131n cenaze t\u00f6renleri hakk\u0131nda da \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmaktad\u0131r. Zira bu ki\u015filere \u00e7o\u011fu zaman uygun dini t\u00f6renler yasaklan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7arm\u0131ha germe, k\u00f6leler, Hristiyanlar, yabanc\u0131lar, siyasi aktivistler ve itibars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f askerler i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmak \u00fczere Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nda yayg\u0131n bir idam y\u00f6ntemiydi. Utan\u00e7 verici ve barbarca bir ceza olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7arm\u0131ha gerilen kurbanlar genellikle bo\u011fulma, v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131 veya organ yetmezli\u011fi nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130\u015flem \u00fc\u00e7 saatten d\u00f6rt g\u00fcne kadar s\u00fcrebilirdi.<\/p>\n\n
4926 Numaral\u0131 \u0130skeletin ke\u015ffi, Roma d\u00f6nemi \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmesinin ac\u0131mas\u0131z ger\u00e7e\u011fine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. Adam\u0131n bedeni enfeksiyon, iltihap ve k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 darbeleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u015fiddetli i\u015fkence izleri ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, adam\u0131n bacaklar\u0131nda muhtemelen ba\u011flardan veya prangalardan kaynaklanan enfeksiyon veya iltihap belirtileri tespit ettiler. Alt\u0131 kaburgas\u0131, muhtemelen k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 darbeleri sonucu k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Adam\u0131n bedeni tahta bir tahtayla birlikte g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc ve muhtemelen \u00e7arm\u0131htan indirildikten sonra \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan 12 \u00e7iviyle \u00e7evrildi. Topu\u011fundaki ana deli\u011fin yan\u0131nda daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00e7ukur, onu tahtaya \u00e7ivilemeye y\u00f6nelik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir giri\u015fime i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n\n
Albion Arkeolojisi’ndeki proje m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Ingham, adam\u0131n kemiklerindeki incelmenin, \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmeden \u00f6nce uzun s\u00fcre bir duvara zincirlenmi\u015f olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini belirtiyor.<\/p>\n\n
Bu bulgu, adam\u0131n infaz\u0131ndan \u00f6nce k\u00f6le veya esir olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n
DNA analizi, 4926 Numaral\u0131 \u0130skeletin, b\u00f6lgede bulunan di\u011fer cesetlerle genetik olarak ili\u015fkili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak b\u00f6lgenin yerli halk\u0131ndan biri oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n\n
Bu, adam\u0131n Romal\u0131 bir vatanda\u015f de\u011fil, imparatorlu\u011fun ac\u0131mas\u0131z cezas\u0131na kurban giden yerel bir halk oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n
4926 Numaral\u0131 \u0130skeletin ke\u015ffi, Roma d\u00f6nemi \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmesinin deh\u015fet verici y\u00f6nlerini ve d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f topluluklar \u00fczerindeki insan bedeli noktas\u0131nda bir hat\u0131rlat\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n
Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi’nden bir arkeolog olan Duhig, imparatorlu\u011fun kenarlar\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yerle\u015fimlerde ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n bile Roma’n\u0131n en vah\u015fi cezas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7amad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n\n
Ekibin bulgular\u0131n\u0131n gelecek y\u0131l bir akademik dergide yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 bekleniyor ve antik d\u00fcnyada \u00e7arm\u0131ha germe uygulamas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi sa\u011flayacak.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Britanya’da Roma D\u00f6nemi \u00c7arm\u0131ha Gerilmeye Ait Nadir Fiziksel Kan\u0131tlar Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131 \u00c7arm\u0131ha Gerilmi\u015f \u0130skeletin Ke\u015ffi Arkeologlar \u0130ngiltere’nin Cambridgeshire b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bir ke\u015fifte bulundular: Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmi\u015f bir…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23699,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[1909,88,97,20098,3481,27],"class_list":["post-15042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-forensic-anthropology","tag-archaeology","tag-science","tag-crucifixion","tag-roman-empire","tag-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15042"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15042\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15043,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15042\/revisions\/15043"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}