1937’de Isidor I. Rabi, atom \u00e7ekirdeklerinin bir manyetik alana maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131nda radyo dalgalar\u0131 yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir fenomen olan n\u00fckleer manyetik rezonans\u0131 (NMR) ke\u015ffetti. Bu ke\u015fif, MRG teknolojisinin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
1960’larda, deney yapma tutkusuyla yanan bir doktor olan Raymond Damadian’\u0131n akl\u0131na bir fikir geldi: NMR, insan v\u00fccudundaki kanseri tespit etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir miydi? Kanserli dokular\u0131n daha fazla su i\u00e7erdi\u011fini ve bir NMR taramas\u0131nda daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir hidrojen sinyali yayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 teorile\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n
1972’de Damadian, “\u0130nat\u00e7\u0131” ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi ilk insan MRG taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. S\u00fcper iletken bir m\u0131knat\u0131s ve giyilebilir bir anten bobinine sahip devasa bir makineydi. Kaba tasar\u0131m\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0130nat\u00e7\u0131 1977’de bir hastan\u0131n g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn\u00fcn iki boyutlu bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyarak ilk insan taramas\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n
Bu arada, Stony Brook \u00dcniversitesi’nden bir kimyager olan Paul Lauterbur, MRG g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesine manyetik alan gradyanlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak farkl\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m geli\u015ftirdi. Lauterbur’un y\u00f6ntemi, daha net g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler \u00fcretti\u011fi i\u00e7in Damadian’\u0131n y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re h\u0131zla pop\u00fclerlik kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Damadian, MRG konsepti i\u00e7in 1972’de bir patent ba\u015fvurusunda bulundu ve bu da Lauterbur ile hukuki bir sava\u015f ba\u015flatt\u0131. 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda Damadian’\u0131n \u015firketi Fonar, General Electric’e kar\u015f\u0131 128 milyon dolarl\u0131k bir patent ihlali davas\u0131 kazand\u0131 ve MRG teknolojisinde \u00f6nc\u00fc rol\u00fcn\u00fc peki\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an niteli\u011fine ra\u011fmen, ilk \u0130nat\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, kaba ve \u00f6nyarg\u0131ya yatk\u0131n oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle ele\u015ftirildi. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Damadian’\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n teknik bir \u00e7\u0131kmaz oldu\u011funu \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Fonar’\u0131n bile sonunda Lauterbur’un y\u00f6ntemini benimsedi\u011fini savundu.<\/p>\n\n
Bug\u00fcn \u0130nat\u00e7\u0131, Ulusal Mucitler Onur Listesi’nde sergileniyor ve Damadian’\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fc ruhunu kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. Onun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, t\u0131bbi te\u015fhiste devrim yaratan modern MRG teknolojisinin temelini att\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan bu yana, MRG teknolojisi, geli\u015fmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kalitesi, daha k\u0131sa tarama s\u00fcreleri ve yeni uygulamalar gibi \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler ge\u00e7irdi. MRG art\u0131k kanserden kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u0131bbi durumlar\u0131 te\u015fhis etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, MRG’nin beyin haritalama, cerrahi rehberlik ve hatta n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131klar\u0131n erken tespiti i\u00e7in potansiyelini ke\u015ffederek s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 zorlamaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n
MRG alan\u0131 geli\u015fmeye devam ettik\u00e7e, gelecekteki Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcllerinin, teknolojinin tam potansiyelini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan ve uygulamalar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an ke\u015fifler yapan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara verilmesi muhtemeldir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Manyetik Rezonans G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme (MRG) Teknolojisinin Tarih\u00e7esi Bir Fikrin Do\u011fu\u015fu 1937’de Isidor I. Rabi, atom \u00e7ekirdeklerinin bir manyetik alana maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131nda radyo dalgalar\u0131 yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir fenomen olan n\u00fckleer manyetik rezonans\u0131 (NMR)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[507],"tags":[35,20233,20234,679,20236,20235,4268],"class_list":["post-15164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medical-technology","tag-science-history","tag-magnetic-resonance-imaging","tag-mri","tag-medical-imaging","tag-medical-controversies","tag-medical-pioneers","tag-medical-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15164"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15165,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15164\/revisions\/15165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}